List of Indian residential schools in Canada explained

Abbreviation	Religious denomination
(AN)	Anglican Church
(BP)	Baptist
(MD)	Methodist
(OO)	Other
(PB)	Presbyterian Church
(RC)	Roman Catholic Church
(UC)	United Church of Canada

The following is a list of schools that operated as part of the Canadian Indian residential school system.^{[1] [2]} The first opened in 1828, and the last closed in 1997.^{[3] [4] [5]} These schools operated in all Canadian provinces and territories except Prince Edward Island, and New Brunswick.

The Indian Residential School Settlement Agreement (IRSSA) has formally recognized 139 residential schools across Canada, but this number excludes schools that operated without federal support.^[6]

The last school to close was Kivalliq Hall in Rankin Inlet, in what's now Nunavut, which closed in 1997; it became a IRSSA-recognized school in 2019 following a court ruling, which is why earlier accounts describe the last school closing in 1996.

Schools in Newfoundland and Labrador were not included in the original settlement by the Harper government and instead reached a compensation deal with the federal government after a lawsuit in 2016.^{[7] [8] [9]}

List

Name	Location	Province/Territory	Opened	Closed	Denomination
Assumption (Hay Lake) Indian Residential School^[10]	Assumption(Hay Lake)	AB	1951	1970	RC
Blue Quill (Lac la Biche/Saddle Lake/Sacred Heart) Indian Residential School(Hospice of St. Joseph; Lac la Biche/St. Paul's Boarding School)^[11]	Lac la Biche (1862-1898) Saddle Lake (1898-1931) (Saddle Lake) St. Paul (1898-1931)	AB	1862	1970 (became the first Native-administered school in Canada)	RC
Holy Angels Indian Residential School (École des Saints-Anges / Our Lady of Victoria Indian Residential School)	Fort Chipewyan	AB	1902	1974	RC
Crowfoot (St. Joseph's) Indian Residential School(Blackfoot Residential School)^[12]	Blackfoot Crossing (1900-1909) Cluny (Siksika 146)	AB	1900	1968	RC
St. Joseph's (Dunbow) Industrial School(High River Industrial School)	High River	AB	1884	1922	RC
Edmonton (Poundmaker) Residential School^[13] ^[14]	St. Albert(Poundmaker)	AB	1924 (formerly Red Deer Industrial School)	1968	MD
Ermineskin Indian Residential School	Hobbema(Ermineskin)	AB	1915	1973	RC
St. Mary’s (Blood) Indian Residential School (Immaculate Conception Boarding School)^[15]	Stand-Off(Blood)	AB	1898	1988	RC
Morley (Stoney) Residential School (McDougall Orphanage and Training Institution)	Morley(Stoney)	AB	1926	1949	MD
Old Sun (Blackfoot) Residential School^[16] (North Camp Residential School / White Eagle's Boarding School / Short Robe Boarding School)	Gleichen(Blackfoot)	AB	1894	1971	AN
Sacred Heart (Peigan) Residential School^[17]	Brocket(Peigan)	AB	1892	1961	RC
Red Deer Industrial School	Red Deer	AB	1893	1919 (Poundmaker school opened 5 years later)	MD
Sarcee (St. Barnabas) Residential School^[18]	Sarcee Junction, Calgary(Sarcee/T’suu Tina)	AB	1892	1921	AN
St. Albert (Youville) Residential School^[19]	St. Albert	AB	1873	1948	RC
Whitefish Lake (St. Andrew's) Residential School	Whitefish Lake(Whitefish Lake)	AB	1895	1950	AN
Grouard (St. Bernard’s) Residential School	Grouard	AB	1894	1957	RC
Joussard (St. Bruno's) Residential School	Joussard	AB	1913	1969	RC
St. Cyprian's (Queen Victoria’s Jubilee Home) Residential School (Victoria Jubilee Home for Indian Children)^[20]	Brocket(Peigan)	AB	1900 (new school built in 1926)	1962	AN
Sturgeon Lake (Calais) Residential School(St. François/Francis Xavier Boarding school)^[21]	Calais	AB	1907	1961	RC
Fort Vermilion (St. Henri) Residential School^[22]	Fort Vermilion	AB	1903	1968	RC
Wabasca (St. John’s) Residential School^[23]	Wabasca	AB	1902 (new school built in 1949)	1966	AN
Desmarais (St. Martin’s) Residential School	Desmarais-Wabasca	AB	1901	1973	RC
St. Paul's (Blood) Residential School(Church of England)	Cardston(Blood)	AB	1893	1975	AN
Lesser Slave Lake (St. Peter's) Residential School	Slave Lake	AB	1895	1932	AN
Alberni Indian Residential School	Port Alberni	BC	1900 (burned in 1917, rebuilt in 1920; burned in 1937, rebuilt in 1939)	1973	UC
Ahousaht Indian Residential School	Ahousaht	BC	1901	1950	PB
Anahim Lake Dormitory (Ulkatcho) Residential School	Anahim Lake(Ulkatcho)	BC	1968	1977	RC
Christie (Clayoquot/Kakawis) Residential School^[24]	Meares Island (1900-1971) Tofino (1971-1983)	BC	1900	1983	RC
Kamloops (St. Louis) Residential School(Kamloops Industrial School)	Kamloops(Tk’emlúps te Secwépemc)	BC	1890	1978	RC
Kitimaat Indian Residential School (Elizabeth Long Memorial School for Girls)^[25]	Kitimaat	BC	1908	1941	MD
Kootenay (St. Eugene's/St. Mary's Residential School)	Cranbrook	BC	1867	1984	RC
Kuper Island Indian Residential School	Penelakut Island	BC	1890	1975	RC
Lejac (Stuart Lake) Residential School	Fraser Lake	BC	1917 (new building in 1922)	1976	RC
Lower Post Indian Residential School	Lower Post	BC	1951	1975	RC
Coqualeetza (Chilliwack Home) Residential School	Chilliwack	BC	1889	1940 (later became the Coqualeetza Hospital and is now the Coqualeetza Cultural Education Centre)	MD
Metlakatla Indian Residential School (Metlakatla Indian Girls' School)	Metlakatla	BC	1891	1962	OO
Port Simpson Residential School(Crosby Home for Girls)	Port Simpson	BC	1892	1948	MD
Presbyterian Coqualeetza Indian Residential School	Chilliwack	BC	1861	1940	PB
Roman Catholic Coqualeetza Indian Residential School	Chilliwack	BC	1890	1941	RC
	Sechelt	BC	1912	1975	RC
St. Paul’s Indian Residential School	North Vancouver	BC	1898	1959	RC
St. George's (Lytton) Indian Residential School	Lytton	BC	1901 (new school built in 1928)	1979	AN
St. Mary's Mission Indian Residential School	Mission	BC	1861	1984	RC
St. Michael's (Alert Bay) Indian Residential School	Alert Bay	BC	1929	1975	AN
Williams Lake Indian Residential School (Williams Lake Industrial School)	Cariboo	BC	1890	1981	RC
Yale Indian Residential School	Yale	BC	1900	1920	AN
Yuquot Indian Residential School	Yuquot	BC	1901	1913	RC
Assiniboia Indian Residential School (Assiniboia Hostel)	Winnipeg	MB	1958 (September 2)	1973 (June 30)	RC
Birtle Indian Residential School	Birtle	MB	1888 (December 3)	1970	PB
Brandon Indian Residential School (Brandon Industrial School)	Brandon	MB	1895 (May 23)	1972 (June 30)	MD
Cross Lake Indian Residential School (Norway House Roman Catholic Indian Residential School)	Cross Lake	MB	1915(March 9)	1969 (July 30)	RC
Elkhorn Indian Residential School (Elkhorn Industrial School / Washakada Indian Residential School)	Elkhorn	MB	1888	1919 (as CP Railway purchased land on which school was built)	AN
Elkhorn Indian Residential School (Washakada Indian Residential School)	Elkhorn	MB	1925	1949	AN
Fort Alexander Indian Residential School	Pine Falls	MB	1905	1970 (June)	RC
Guy Hill Indian Residential School	The Pas and Clearwater Lake	MB	1952 (Students were relocated from Sturgeon Landing, Saskatchewan to a temporary school in The Pas until a newly built school in Clearwater Lake in 1958)	1979 (June 30)	RC
Lake St. Martin Indian Residential School	Fisher River	MB	1874 (new school built in 1948)	1963	AN
MacKay Indian Residential School	The Pas	MB	1915	1933	AN
MacKay Indian Residential School	Dauphin	MB	1955	1989	AN
Norway House Methodist Indian Residential School	Norway House	MB	1900	1967 (June 30)	MD
Pine Creek Indian Residential School (Camperville Indian Residential School)	Camperville	MB	1890	1969 (August 31)	RC
Portage la Prairie Methodist Indian Residential School	Portage la Prairie	MB	1891	1975 (June 30)	MD
Portage la Prairie Presbyterian Indian Residential	Portage la Prairie	MB	1895	1950	PB
Sandy Bay Indian Residential School	Sandy Bay Reserve	MB	1905	1970 (June 30)	RC
St. Boniface Industrial School	St. Boniface	MB	1891	1909	RC
St. Paul's Industrial School (St. Rupert's Land Industrial School)	Selkirk	MB	1886	1906	AN
Waterhen Indian Residential School	Waterhen	MB	1890	1900	RC
Lockwood School*	Cartwright	NL		1964	OO
Makkovik Boarding School*	Makkovik	NL		1960	OO
Nain Boarding School*	Nain	NL		1973	OO
St. Anthony's Orphanage*	St. Anthony	NL		1979	OO
Yale School*	North West River	NL		1980	OO
Aklavik Anglican Indian Residential School (All Saints Indian Residential School)	Shingle Point	NWT	1927 (moved to Aklavik in 1934 due to overcrowding	1959	AN
Aklavik Catholic Indian Residential School (later Inuvik Indian Residential School)	Aklavik	NWT	1925 (relocated to Inuvik in 1959; Stringer Hall was Anglican Residence and Grollier Hall the RC residence)	1996 (June 1975 (Stringer Hall); June 30 1996 (Grollier Hall))	RC
Fort McPherson Indian Residential School; (Including residence, Fleming Hall);	Fort McPherson	NWT	1898	1970	OO (non-denominational)
Fort Providence Indian Residential School (Providence Mission Indian Residential School)	Fort Providence	NWT	1867	1953	RC
Fort Resolution Indian Residential School	Fort Resolution	NWT	1867	1957	RC
Fort Simpson Indian Residential School (Fort Simpson Boarding School, including residences Bompas Hall, Lapointe Hall, St. Margaret's Hall)	Fort Simpson	NWT	1920	1970	RC
Fort Smith Indian Residential School (Breynat Hall)	Fort Smith	NWT	1957	1970	RC
Hay River Indian Residential School (St. Peter's Mission Indian Residential School)	Hay River	NWT	1898	1949	AN
Akaitcho Hall (dormitory for Sir John Franklin High School)	Yellowknife	NWT	1958	1994	Federal/GNWT
Shubenacadie Indian Residential School	Shubenacadie	NS	1922	1968	RC
Chesterfield Inlet Indian Residential School (including residence: Turquetil)	Chesterfield Inlet	NU	1929	1970	RC
Frobisher Bay Indian Residential School	Frobisher Bay	NU	1965	1992 The building now houses the Nunatta Residence of the Nunavut Arctic College.(students were transferred to a new hostel, which operated until 1996.)	RC
Kivalliq Hall	Rankin Inlet	NU	1985	1997	OO
Albany Mission Indian Residential School (Fort Albany Residential School)	Fort Albany	ON	1912	1963	RC
Alexandra Industrial School for Girls	Toronto	ON	1897	1910^[26]	OO
Alnwick Industrial School (in partnership with Mount Elgin Indian Residential School)	Alderville	ON	1838	1966	MD
Bishop Horden Memorial School (Moose Factory Indian Residential School; Moose Fort Indian Residential School)	Moose Factory	ON	1907	1963	AN
Cecilia Jeffrey Indian Residential School	Kenora	ON	1900	1966	PB
Chapleau Indian Residential School (Saint John's Indian Residential School)	Chapleau	ON	1907	1950	AN
Fort Frances Indian Residential School (St. Margaret's Indian Residential School)	Fort Frances	ON	1902	1974	RC
Kenora Indian Residential School	Kenora	ON		1949	1963	RC
McIntosh Indian Residential School	Kenora	ON	1924	1969	RC
Mohawk Institute Residential School (Mohawk Manual Labour School; Mush Hole Indian Residential School)	Brantford	ON	1828	1970	AN
Mount Elgin Indian Residential School (in partnership with Alnwick)	Muncey Town	ON	1848	1948	MD
Shingwauk Indian Residential School	Garden River		ON	1873	1873 (burned down six days after opening)	AN
Shingwauk Indian Residential School	Sault Ste. Marie	ON	1873 (merged with Wawanosh to form a larger school in 1900)	1971 (currently houses Algoma University)	AN
Wawanosh School for Girls	Sault Ste Marie	ON	1877	1900 (merged with Shingwauk)	AN
Sioux Lookout Indian Residential School (Pelican Lake Day School)	Sioux Lookout	ON	1911	1973	AN
Spanish Indian Residential Schools St. Joseph Residential School 1916–1962 (girls school) still standing; St Charles Garnier College 1913–1958 (boys school)now demolished	Spanish	ON	1883	1965	RC
St. Anne’s Indian Residential School	Fort Albany	ON	1936	1964	RC
St. Joseph's Orphanage and Boarding School (for Indigenous and White Children)	Fort William	ON	1870	1968	RC
St. Mary's Indian Residential School	Kenora	ON	1894	1962	RC
Wikwemikong Indian Residential School (Wikwemikong Day School)	Manitowaning	ON	1840 (day school); 1879 (residential school)	1963	RC
Armstrong Indian Residential School (Armstrong Residential School; Armstrong Home and School)	Armstrong	ON	1880	1891	RC
Amos Indian Residential School (St. Marc's Indian Residential School)	St. Marc-de-Figuery (Amos)	QC	1948	1965	RC
Federal Hostel at George River	Kangirsualujjuaq	QC	1960	1960	OO (Non-Denominational)
Federal Hostel at Great Whale River	Kuujjuarapik (Poste-de-la-Baleine)	QC	1960	1970	OO (Non-Denominational)
Federal Hostel at Payne Bay	Kangirsuk (Bellin)	QC	1960	1960	OO (Non-Denominational)
Federal Hostel at Port Harrison	Inukjuak	QC	1960	1971	OO (Non-Denominational)
Fort George Hostels	Fort George	QC	1975	1978	OO (Non-Denominational)
St. Philip's Indian Residential School	Fort George	QC	1933 (burned in 1943, rebuilt in 1944)	1979	AN
Fort George (St. Joseph's Mission, Residence Couture, Sainte-Thérèse-de-l'Énfant-Jésus)	Fort George	QC	1936	1952	RC
La Tuque Indian Residential School	La Tuque	QC	1963	1978	AN
Pointe Bleue Indian Residential School	Mashteuiatsh	QC	1956	1965	RC
Sept-Iles Indian Residential School (Seven Islands, Notre Dame, Maliotenam)	Sept-Îles	QC	1952	1967	RC
Battleford Industrial School	Battleford	SK	1883	1914	AN
Beauval Indian Residential School	Beauval	SK	1895	1983 (became Meadow Lake Tribal Council's Beauval Indian Education Centre which closed in 1995)	RC
Cowesses Indian Residential School (Marieval Indian Residential School)	Marieval	SK	1899	1981 (First Nation Operated 1981-1997)	RC
Crowstand Indian Residential School	Kamsack	SK	1888	1916	PB
St. Michael's Indian Residential School (Duck Lake Indian Residential School)^[27]	Duck Lake	SK	1894	1982, turned over to the Saskatoon District Tribal Council. Closed in 1996.	RC
Emmanuel College	Prince Albert	SK	1879	1923	AN
File Hills Indian Residential School (File Hills Colony School)	Okanese Reserve	SK	1889	1949	PB
Gordon Indian Residential School	Punnichy	SK	1889 (new school built in 1911, burned down in 1929)	1996	AN
Guy Hill Indian Residential School	Sturgeon Landing	SK	1926	1952 (burned down September 4, 1952; students were relocated to temporary school in The Pas until a newly built school opened in Clearwater Lake in 1958)	RC
Île-à-la-Crosse Indian Residential School	Île-à-la-Crosse	SK	1878	1976 (the boarding school section)	RC
Lake La Ronge Mission Indian Residential School	La Ronge	SK	1914 (new school built in 1920)	1947	AN
Muscowequan Indian Residential School	Lestock	SK	1932	1981	RC
St. Albans Indian Residential School	Prince Albert	SK	?	1951 (amalgamated with All Saints to become Prince Albert Indian Residential School)	AN
All Saints Indian Residential School	Prince Albert	SK	1865	1951 (amalgamated with St. Albans to become Prince Albert Indian Residential School)	AN
Prince Albert Indian Residential School	Prince Albert	SK	1951 (merger of All Saints and St. Albans)	1964	AN
Qu'Appelle Indian Residential School (Qu'Appelle Industrial School); Lebret Indian Residential School; (Added St. Paul's High School in 1951)	Lebret	SK	1884 (burned down in 1904, 1932)	1969 (Re-opened under the operations of the reserve in 1973 as White Calf Collegiate, but that closed in August 1998)	RC
Regina Indian Residential School	Regina	SK	1890	1910, demolished in 1948	PB
Round Lake Indian Residential School	Whitewood	SK	1886	1950	MD
St. Anthony's Indian Residential School (Onion Lake Catholic Indian Residential School) (Joseph Dion was pupil No. 7)^[28]	Onion Lake	SK	1891	1968	RC
St. Barnabas Indian Residential School (Onion Lake Indian Residential School)	Onion Lake	SK	1893 (burned down in 1943)	1951	AN
St. Phillips Indian Residential School (Keeseekoose Day School)	Kamsack	SK	1899	1965	RC
Thunderchild Indian Residential School (Delmas Indian Residential School)	Delmas	SK	1933	1948 (burned down by students)	RC
Aklavik Anglican Indian Residential School (All Saints Indian Residential School)	Shingle Point	NWT	1927	1934 (moved to Aklavik due to overcrowding)	AN
Baptist Indian Residential School (Yukon Indian Residential School)	Whitehorse	YT	1900	1968	BP
Carcross Indian Residential School (Forty Mile Boarding School)	Fortymile	YT	1891	1910 (moved to Carcross)	AN
Carcross Indian Residential School (Chooutla Indian Residential School; Caribou Crossing Indian Residential School)	Carcross	YT	1910	1969	AN
St. Paul's Indian Residential School (St. Paul's Hall)	Dawson	YT	1920	1943	AN
Yukon Hall (residences for local day school students)	Whitehorse	YT	1956	1965	AN
Tranquille School for Mentally Handicapped Indians (Stsmemelt Village)	Kamloops	BC	1972	1978	OO (Non-Denominational)

See also

• Canadian Indian residential school system
• Indian Residential Schools Truth and Reconciliation Commission
• Kamloops Indian Residential School
• Marieval Indian Residential School
• Lejac Residential School
• New Zealand Native schools
• Where the Spirit Lives - 1989 film about residential schools

External links

• Official Residential School Settlement website
• List of residential schools
• Indian Residential Schools - Assembly of First Nations
• Where are the children; Healing the Legacy of Residential Schools
• National Centre for Truth and Reconciliation at the University of Manitoba
• https://newsinteractives.cbc.ca/longform/orange-shirt-day-nl-residential-schools-legacy

Notes and References

1. Web site: List of residential schools . Indian Residential Schools Settlement - Official Court Website . 2009-12-02.
2. "Search by School." National Student Memorial Register. National Centre for Truth and Reconciliation.
3. Web site: Residential Schools. https://web.archive.org/web/20100503181813/http://www.afn.ca/article.asp?id=766. 2010-05-03. Assembly of First Nations. 2009-12-02. 3 May 2010.
4. Web site: Prince Albert Grand Council Indian Residential School Virtual Museum . 2015 . 12 June 2015 . 18 December 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20151218162333/http://www.rsmuseum.ca/?page_id=2079 . dead .
5. Web site: Mission and Justice Relationships (Anglican Indian and Eskimo Residential Schools) . Anglican Church of Canada . 12 June 2015.
6. Web site: June 4, 2021. Your questions answered about Canada's residential school system. CBC News.
7. Web site: Newfoundland and Labrador residential schools healing and commemoration. 24 November 2017.
8. Web site: Tearful Justin Trudeau apologizes to N.L. residential school survivors CBC News.
9. Web site: N.L. residential school survivors' lawyers reach $50M settlement with Ottawa CBC News.
10. Web site: Memorial.
11. Web site: Memorial.
12. Web site: Memorial.
13. Web site: Memorial.
14. Larsson, Paula. 2013 October 26. "Edmonton Industrial School." Eugenics Archive. Retrieved May 31, 2021.
15. Web site: Memorial.
16. https://memorial.nctr.ca/?p=1503 Old Sun (Blackfoot) Residential School
17. http://memorial.nctr.ca/?p=1505 Sacred Heart (Peigan) Residential School
18. https://memorial.nctr.ca/?p=1507 Sarcee (St. Barnabas) Residential School
19. https://memorial.nctr.ca/?p=1509 St. Albert (Youville) Residential School
20. https://memorial.nctr.ca/?p=1931 St. Cyprian's Residential School
21. https://memorial.nctr.ca/?p=1521 Sturgeon Lake (Calais) Residential School
22. https://memorial.nctr.ca/?p=1489 Fort Vermilion (St. Henri) Residential School
23. https://memorial.nctr.ca/?p=1523 Wabasca (St. John’s) Residential School
24. Web site: Memorial.
25. Web site: Memorial.
26. Web site: East End school for wayward girls flourished. 19 October 2011.
27. Web site: St. Michael's (Duck Lake). 28 January 2021.
28. https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/joseph-francis-dion;