List of Bronze Age states explained

See also: 4th millennium BC, 3rd millennium BC and 2nd millennium BC.

The Bronze Age (c. 3300–1200 BC) marks the emergence of the first complex state societies, and by the Middle Bronze Age (mid-3rd millennium BC) the first empires.This is a list of Bronze Age polities.

By the end of the Bronze Age, complex state societies were mostly limited to the Fertile Crescent and to China, while Bronze Age tribal chiefdoms with less complex forms of administration were found throughout Bronze Age Europe and Central Asia, in the northern Indian subcontinent, and in parts of Mesoamerica and the Andes (although these latter societies were not in the Bronze Age cultural stage).

West Asia

See also: List of cities of the ancient Near East.

NameCapitalState typeExisted
Akkadian EmpireAkkad (city)AkkadEmpire2334–2154 BC
AlashiyaEnkomi, KalavasosKingdom 1450–1050 BC
AmurruSumerKingdom2000–1200 BC
Arme-ShupriaVanKingdom1290–1190 BC
ArmiArmiKingdom city state/client2290–40 BC
ArzawaApasaConfederation of principalities1700–1300 BC
AssyriaAssurKingdom2025–934 BC
Assuwa leagueVariousConfederation of city states1400–1250 BC
BabyloniaBabylonKingdom1894–1595 BCf
ByblosByblosCity state1800–970 BC
CanaanVariousConfederation of city states2000–1194 BC
DilmunQal'atKingdom2600–675 BC
EblaEblaKingdom3500–1600 BC
ElamSusaKingdom2700–1210 BC
EshnunaEshnunnaKingdom city state2000 BC – 8th century BC
GutiumArrapkhaKingdom2141–2050 BC
HattiHattusaPrincipality city states2700–1900 BC
Hayasa-AzziSamuha2 Kingdom confederation1500–1190 BC
HittiHattussaKingdom1900–1600 BC
Hittite EmpireHattusaEmpire1600–1178 BC
HyksosItjtawy, ThebesConfederacy1800–1178 BC
Isuwanot specifiedKingdom2800 – 12th c BC
KassiteBabylonKingdom1750–1135 BC
KaskiaZalpa, NerikTribal confederation/kingdom1430–1200 BC
KizzuwatnaKummanniKingdom1600–1220 BC
KussaraKussaraKingdom city states1900–1650 BC
LukkaNot specifiedTribal kingdom2000–1183 BC
LullubiLulubunaTribal kingdom2400–650 BC
LuviaTribal kingdom2000–1400 BC
MaganNot specifiedKingdom2200–550 BC
MarhasiMarhašiKingdom city state2900–1900 BC
MariMariKingdom city state2900–1759 BC
MittaniWashukanniKingdom1600–1300 BC
MoabDibonKingdom1300–400 BC
NamarNamarKingdom2350–750 BC
NagarNagarKingdom2600–2300 BC
Pala?Kingdom???–1178 BC
PhoeniciaVariousKingdom city states1800–539 BC
PurushandaPurušhandaKingdom city state2000–1650 BC
QatnaQatnaCity-State2000–1340 BC
Sea PeoplesNot specifiedTribal confederacy2000–1175 BC
SumerVariousKingdom city states4500–1900 BC
TroasTroyKingdom2000–700 BC
UgaritUgaritKingdom city state2500–1090 BC
Upper MesopotamiaAssurKingdom1809–1776 BC
UrkeshUrkeshKingdom city state/client2250–1350 BC
WilusaWilusaKingdom city state2000–1180 BC
YamhadHalabKingdom1810–1525 BC
ZalpaZalpaKingdom city state/client1830–1670 BC

North Africa

NameCapital/sTypeExisted
Early Dynastic EgyptThinis, MemphisKingdom3150–2686 BC
Old Kingdom of EgyptMemphisKingdom2686–2181 BC
Kingdom of EgyptThebesKingdom2055–1550 BC
Egyptian EmpireAkhetaten, Pi-Ramesses, ThebesEmpire1550–1069 BC
NubiaKermaPrincipalities[1] 2500–15th century BC
LibuNot specifiedTribal chiefdoms1550–630 BC[2]
PuntNot specifiedKingdom2400–1069 BC

Americas

namecapitalstate typeexisted
Caral–Supe civilizationVariouscity states3500–1800 BC
Casma-SechinVariouscity state3600–200 BC
OlmecLa VentaKingdom city states1600–400 BC

Europe

NameCapital/sTypeExisted
MinoaKnossosKingdom city states3100–1000 BC
MycenaeaMycenaeKingdom city states1600–1100 BC
Sea PeoplesNot specifiedTribal confederacy1500 – 1175 BC

Asia

Eurasian Steppe and Central Asia

NameCapitalTypeExisted
Bactria–MargianaGonurTribal kingdoms2300–1700 BC
ColchisPhasisKingdom1300 BC – 2nd century AD

East Asia

namecapitalstate typeexisted
QiQiDukedom1600–445 BC
ShangAnyangKingdom1600–1046 BC
XiaYangchengKingdom2070–1600 BC

South Asia

namecapitalstate typeexisted
MehrgarhMehrgarhunclear7000 –2500/2000 BC
Indus Valley civilizationHarappa ? unclear3300–1300 BC

See also

External links

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Karmah Archaeological site (The Sudan). Encyclopædia Britannica. Britannica Inc. 11 August 2014.
  2. Web site: Taylor. Francis. Kingdoms of North Africa: Encyclopaedia of African History: Volume 1 A-G. 1999–2014. The History Files. 18 March 2014.

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