This is a list of members of the House of Commons of the United Kingdom, the House of Lords, British members of the European Parliament, members of the British devolved legislatures (such as the Scottish Parliament, Senedd, and Northern Ireland Assembly) and Police and Crime Commissioners (PCCs) who have changed their party affiliation (i.e. abandoning a previous party membership to take up a new one) or who have resigned from, been suspended from or been expelled from their previous party affiliation, making them independents. When a member of a legislature switches from one party to another, this is called crossing the floor. The list details the dates, members involved, previous and new party affiliations, and an explanation for their switch.
| Date | Member | Before | After | Notes | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
MPs 1680–1832 | ||||||
| 1698 | John Grubham Howe | |||||
| 1707 | Sir Robert Harley | |||||
| 1725 | John Montagu, Viscount Hinchingbrooke | |||||
| Sir William Pulteney | ||||||
| 1793 | William Windham | |||||
| 1795 | Robert Stewart, Viscount Castlereagh | |||||
| Thomas Pelham | ||||||
| 1810 | Charles Williams-Wynn | Tried to create a third political party, failed and joined the Tories. | ||||
| 1822 | Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston | |||||
| 1828 | Charles Williams-Wynn | Was not offered a position in Government. | ||||
| 1834 | Offered position in Government. | |||||
1832–1847 Parliaments | ||||||
| 1834 | Sir James Graham, 2nd Baronet | Resigned as First Lord of the Admiralty. | ||||
| Lord Stanley | Resigned as Secretary of State for War and the Colonies.[1] | |||||
| Lord George Bentinck | ||||||
| Bingham Baring | ||||||
| 1846 | William Ewart Gladstone | Resigned as Secretary of State for War and the Colonies. | ||||
| Henry Goulburn | Resigned as Chancellor of the Exchequer. | |||||
| Sir James Graham, 2nd Baronet | Resigned as Home Secretary. | |||||
| Sidney Herbert | Resigned as Secretary at War. | |||||
| John Young | Resigned as Parliamentary Secretary to the Treasury. | |||||
| Edward Cardwell | Resigned as Financial Secretary to the Treasury. | |||||
1847–1886 Parliaments | ||||||
| 1847 | Sir John Young, 2nd Baronet | |||||
| Lord Ernest Bruce | ||||||
| Henry Bingham Baring | ||||||
| 1852 | Frederick Peel | |||||
| Henry FitzRoy | ||||||
| James Stuart-Wortley | ||||||
| 1853 | Lord Alfred Hervey | |||||
| Sir John Young, 2nd Baronet | ||||||
| 1859 | William Ewart Gladstone | |||||
| Frederick Peel | ||||||
| 1868 | Edward James Saunderson | |||||
| 1879 | James Yeaman | |||||
1886–1900 Parliaments | ||||||
| 1886 | Joseph Chamberlain | Created the Liberal Unionist Party after disagreeing with William Gladstone and splitting over Home Rule for Ireland Was the President of the Board of Trade until his defection. | ||||
| Sir Henry James | Was the Attorney-General until his defection. | |||||
| Edward Heneage | Was the Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster until his defection. | |||||
| The Marquess of Hartington | Was the Secretary of State for War until his defection. | |||||
| Sir George Otto Trevelyan, 2nd Baronet | Was the Secretary for Scotland until his defection.[2] | |||||
| William Shepherd Allen | ||||||
| Arthur Peel | ||||||
| John Boyd Kinnear | ||||||
| William Shepherd Allen | ||||||
| Walter Morrison | ||||||
| Arthur Pease | ||||||
| Arthur Pease | ||||||
| Henry Vivian | ||||||
| John Corbett | ||||||
| William Cornwallis-West | ||||||
| William Crossman | ||||||
| John Westlake | ||||||
| Henry Brand | ||||||
| Donald Currie | ||||||
| George Dixon | ||||||
| Sir Cuthbert Quilter, 1st Baronet | ||||||
| John William Ramsden | ||||||
| Charles Pelham Villiers | ||||||
| Sir Robert Anstruther, 5th Baronet | ||||||
| Sir George Macpherson-Grant, 3rd Baronet | ||||||
| Ernest Noel | ||||||
| Alexander Craig Sellar | ||||||
| John Wilson | ||||||
| David Davies | ||||||
| Robert Bickersteth | ||||||
| Edward Watkin | ||||||
| Viscount Lymington | ||||||
| Viscount Wolmer | ||||||
| Viscount Ebrington | ||||||
| Viscount Howick | ||||||
| Viscount Baring | ||||||
| Viscount Lambton | ||||||
| Lord Richard Grosvenor | ||||||
| Lord Edward Cavendish | ||||||
| Sir Thomas Grove, 1st Baronet | ||||||
| Sir Robert Jardine, 1st Baronet | ||||||
| Sir Savile Brinton Crossley, 2nd Baronet | ||||||
| Sir John St Aubyn, 2nd Baronet | ||||||
| Hugh Elliot | ||||||
| Arthur Elliot | ||||||
| Andrew Fairbairn | ||||||
| Sir Charles Seely, 1st Baronet | ||||||
| Sir Alexander Brown, 1st Baronet | ||||||
| Savile Crossley | ||||||
| Sir Henry Wiggin, 1st Baronet | ||||||
| John Lubbock | ||||||
| Francis Taylor | ||||||
| Richard Frederick Fotheringham Campbell | ||||||
| John Wentworth-FitzWilliam | ||||||
| Archibald Corbett | ||||||
| Jesse Collings | ||||||
| Thomas Buchanan | ||||||
| George Dixon | ||||||
| Thomas Sutherland | ||||||
| Charles James Monk | ||||||
| William Kenrick | ||||||
| Robert Jasper More | ||||||
| Cathcart Wason | ||||||
| Lewis Fry | ||||||
| John Corbett | ||||||
| Mitchell Henry | ||||||
| Richard Biddulph Martin | ||||||
| Sir John Pender | ||||||
| Henry Meysey-Thompson | ||||||
| George Pitt-Lewis | ||||||
| Alfred Barnes | ||||||
| Lewis McIver | ||||||
| Richard Chamberlain | ||||||
| George Salis-Schwabe | ||||||
| Francis William Maclean | ||||||
| Francis Bingham Mildmay | ||||||
| Hamar Alfred Bass | ||||||
| Henry Hobhouse | ||||||
| William Pirrie Sinclair | ||||||
| John Jenkins | ||||||
| Robert Finlay | ||||||
| William Bickford-Smith | ||||||
| Robert Thornhagh Gurdon | ||||||
| Charles Fraser-Mackintosh | ||||||
| Lewis Fry | ||||||
| George Hastings | ||||||
| Henry Howard | ||||||
| Joseph Powell-Williams | ||||||
| Thomas Richardson | ||||||
| Sir Julian Goldsmid, 3rd Baronet | ||||||
| Peter Rylands | ||||||
| John Bright | ||||||
| William Kenrick | ||||||
| Jesse Collings | ||||||
| James William Barclay | ||||||
| Frederick William Grafton | ||||||
| Alfred Barnes | ||||||
| Michael Biddulph | ||||||
| Nevil Story Maskelyne | ||||||
| Edmond Wodehouse | ||||||
| William Sproston Caine | ||||||
| Henry Frederick Beaumont | ||||||
| Greville Richard Vernon | ||||||
| 1888 | Henry Wentworth-FitzWilliam | |||||
| Cunninghame Graham | ||||||
| Thomas Buchanan | ||||||
| Sir Thomas Grove, 1st Baronet | ||||||
| 1891 | All Irish Conservative MPs | Conservatives in Ireland merged into new party.[3] | ||||
| 1892 | Benjamin Hingley | |||||
| 1893 | George Joachim Goschen | |||||
| Thomas Henry Bolton | ||||||
| William Grenfell | ||||||
| 1898 | George Doughty | |||||
| 1899 | Leonard Courtney | |||||
| 1900 | George Whiteley | Stood for Pudsey as Liberal in the 1900 election after standing down as Conservative MP for Stockport.[4] | ||||
1900–1906 Parliament | ||||||
| 1902 | Cathcart Wason | Resigned seat and fought by-election as an Independent Liberal. | ||||
| 1903 | Michael Foster | |||||
| John William Wilson | ||||||
| 31 May 1904 | Winston Churchill | Changed party over dismay at the Conservative party becoming more "protectionist".[5] Returned to Conservatives in the 1920s, stating "Anyone can rat, but it takes a certain amount of ingenuity to re-rat".[6] | ||||
| 1904 | John Eustace Jameson | |||||
| Jack Seely | ||||||
| Ivor Guest | ||||||
| Ernest Hatch | ||||||
| George Kemp | ||||||
| Lord Richard Cavendish | ||||||
| Edward Hain | ||||||
| Richard Bell | ||||||
| November 1904 | Richard Rigg | Joined Conservatives because "he found himself in agreement with the Conservative government on so many key issues".[7] | ||||
| 1905 | John Dickson-Poynder | |||||
| 1906 | John Eldon Gorst | |||||
| Jack Seely | ||||||
1906–December 1910 Parliaments | ||||||
| 1906 | Carlyon Bellairs | |||||
| Austin Taylor | ||||||
| John William Wilson | ||||||
| 1907 | Leslie Renton | |||||
| 1908 | Archibald Corbett | Re-joined Liberal Party. | ||||
| 1909 | Alexander Cross | |||||
| Arthur Elliot | Stood as an independent. | |||||
| Thomas Kincaid-Smith | Stood as an independent. | |||||
| Enoch Edwards | ||||||
| Frederick Hall | ||||||
| William Johnson | ||||||
| 1910 | William Abraham | |||||
| William Edwin Harvey | ||||||
| James Haslam | ||||||
| Thomas Richards | ||||||
| Albert Stanley | ||||||
| John Wadsworth | ||||||
| John Williams | ||||||
| Harold Cox | ||||||
December 1910–1918 Parliament | ||||||
| May 1912 | 35 MPs | Conservative and Liberal Unionist parties merged. | ||||
| John Gordon | Irish Liberal Unionist and Unionist parties merged. | |||||
| 30 March 1914 | William Edwin Harvey | Resigned over the party's treatment of Barnet Kenyon, before and after the 1913 Chesterfield by-election, particularly regarding miner's representation.[8] | ||||
| 1914 | William Johnson | Expelled from the Labour Party for addressing Liberal Party meetings.[9] | ||||
| 1915 | John Hancock | Expelled from the Labour Party.[10] | ||||
| John Wadsworth | ||||||
| William Abraham | ||||||
| 1917 | Sir Richard Cooper, 2nd Baronet | Those who defected in 1917 actually joined the National Party. However, before the general election of 1918 all members apart from Croft and Cooper had returned to the Conservatives or had lost their seats. | ||||
| Henry Page Croft | ||||||
| Richard Hamilton Rawson | ||||||
| Alan Hughes Burgoyne | ||||||
| Douglas George Carnegie | ||||||
| Viscount Duncannon | ||||||
| Rowland Hunt | ||||||
| Edward Fitzroy | ||||||
| 1918 | Harland Bowden | |||||
| Arthur Strauss | ||||||
| Charles Trevelyan | ||||||
| Arthur Ponsonby | Contested as an Independent Democrat. | |||||
| R. L. Outhwaite | ||||||
| Leo Chiozza Money | ||||||
| Edward John | ||||||
1918–1922 Parliament | ||||||
| 1918–1922 | Many | During this Parliament it is difficult to track moves by many MPs between the pro- and anti-Coalition wings of their parties. | ||||
| 1918 | George Nicoll Barnes | Refused to resign from the Lloyd George Coalition. | ||||
| 1919 | Cecil L'Estrange Malone | |||||
| 1920 | Oswald Mosley | Left over the Conservative Party's Irish policy, specifically the use of Black and Tans. | ||||
| 1921 | All Irish Unionist MPs | Creation of Northern Ireland after partition of Ireland. | ||||
| Thomas Harbison | ||||||
| 1922 | John Hope | Rejected as a candidate on the grounds that he had not made a single speech during his 24 years in Parliament.[11] | ||||
| T. P. O'Connor | Irish Parliamentary Party no longer represented in Parliament. It dissolved after the Irish Free State's establishment. | |||||
1922–1923 Parliament | ||||||
| 1923 | Gordon Ralph Hall Caine | Took the Conservative whip. | ||||
| James Malcolm Monteith Erskine | ||||||
1923–1924 Parliament | ||||||
| February 1924 | George M. Ll. Davies | Originally elected as an "Independent Christian Pacifist"; later took the Labour whip but did not join the party. | ||||
1924–1929 Parliament | ||||||
| 1924 | Oswald Mosley | |||||
| January 1926[12] | Sir Alfred Mond, Bt | Defected after falling out with Lloyd George. | ||||
| 1926 | Joseph Kenworthy | Resigned in opposition of Lloyd George's leadership. | ||||
| 1927 | George Alfred Spencer | Expelled from the Labour party for brokering a local settlement during the General Strike.[13] | ||||
| Leslie Haden-Guest | Resigned in protest of Labour's opposition of sending troops to Shanghai.[14] | |||||
| Sir Robert Newman, Bt | Whip withdrawn after a dispute between Newman and his local Conservative association, leading to his deselection as a Conservative parliamentary candidate, as well as differences with the party leadership surrounding his support for free-trade policies.[15] | |||||
| 1928 | Sir Basil Peto, Bt | Whip withdrawn in April 1928 due to policy disagreements with Stanley Baldwin's Conservative government. | ||||
| Whip restored in November 1928 after an overwhelming vote of confidence in Peto by his local party executive. | ||||||
| 1929 | Thomas Robinson | |||||
1929–1931 Parliament | ||||||
| 1931 | Oswald Mosley | Created the New Party. | ||||
| Lady Cynthia Mosley | Joined the New Party. | |||||
| Oliver Baldwin | Joined the New Party but left after one day and sat as an independent. | |||||
| Robert Forgan | Joined the New Party. | |||||
| W. E. D. Allen | Joined the New Party. | |||||
| Cecil Dudgeon | Joined the New Party. | |||||
| February 1931 | John Strachey | Joined the New Party. | ||||
| June 1931 | Did not agree with the party's drift towards fascism. | |||||
| 24 August 1931 | Ramsay MacDonald | Formed the National Government. | ||||
| Malcolm MacDonald | Joined the National Government. | |||||
| 25 August 1931 | Philip Snowden | Joined the National Government. | ||||
| J. H. Thomas | ||||||
| 1931 | William Jowitt | Followed MacDonald on 28 August. | ||||
| George Gillett | Followed MacDonald on 31 August. | |||||
| Ernest Bennett | Followed MacDonald on 1 September. | |||||
| George Knight | Followed MacDonald on 2 September. | |||||
| James Lovat-Fraser | Followed MacDonald on 2 September. | |||||
| Craigie Aitchison | Followed MacDonald on 3 September. | |||||
| Samuel Rosbotham | Followed MacDonald on 5 September. | |||||
| Archibald Church | Followed MacDonald on 8 September. | |||||
| Richard Denman | Followed MacDonald on 10 September. | |||||
| Sydney Frank Markham | Followed MacDonald on 16 September. | |||||
| Derwent Hall Caine | Followed MacDonald on 23 September. | |||||
1931–1935 Parliament | ||||||
| February 1933 | Harry Nathan | Opposed the policy of the National Government. | ||||
| November 1933 | Robert Bernays | Remained on the government benches when the Liberal Party went into opposition. | ||||
| Joseph Leckie | ||||||
| William McKeag | ||||||
| Joseph Maclay | ||||||
| August 1934 | Harry Nathan | |||||
1935–1945 Parliament | ||||||
| July 1935 | George Morrison | |||||
| 1935 | Katharine Stewart-Murray, Duchess of Atholl | Resigned whip over the India Bill and the "national-socialist tendency" of the government's domestic policy.[16] | ||||
| 1937 | Resigned whip over Anglo-Italian Agreement. | |||||
| 1938 | Resigned a third time, due to opposing Neville Chamberlain's policy of appeasement of Adolf Hitler before being deselected by her local party. | |||||
| September 1936 | Robert Bernays | |||||
| 1938 | Herbert Holdsworth | |||||
| November 1939 | Aneurin Bevan | Expelled from the Labour Party for seven months for supporting a "popular front". | ||||
| Sir Stafford Cripps | ||||||
| George Strauss | ||||||
| Clement Davies | Resigned whips of both the Liberal Nationals and the National Government in opposition to Chamberlain.[17] | |||||
| March 1940 | Denis Pritt | Expelled from the Labour Party over his defence of the Soviet invasion of Finland.[18] | ||||
| 1942 | Murdoch Macdonald | |||||
| Edgar Granville | ||||||
| Clement Davies | Returned to the Liberal Party after a decade. | |||||
| February 1942 | Stephen King-Hall | Opposed the party's considerations in wartime. | ||||
| May 1942 | Alec Cunningham-Reid | Whip withdrawn after a dispute with the national Conservative leadership. | ||||
| July 1942 | Sir Richard Acland | Formed the Common Wealth Party after a merger of the 1941 Committee and the Forward March movement. | ||||
| Vernon Bartlett | Fought the 1945 general election as an independent. | |||||
| May 1943 | Kenneth Lindsay | |||||
| November 1944 | John Eric Loverseed | |||||
| February 1945 | Sir Stafford Cripps | Rejoined the Labour Party.[19] | ||||
| April 1945 | Edgar Granville | |||||
| May 1945 | John Eric Loverseed | |||||
1945–1950 Parliament | ||||||
| 1945 | John MacLeod | |||||
| 22 April 1946 | Ernest Millington | |||||
| 21 October 1946 | Tom Horabin | Declared support for the Labour government. | ||||
| 26 March 1947 | John McGovern | |||||
| 23 July 1947 | Rev Campbell Stephen | Granted the Labour whip on 21 October 1947. | ||||
| 21 October 1947 | ||||||
| 29 October 1947 | James Carmichael | Granted the Labour whip on 3 November 1947. | ||||
| 3 November 1947 | ||||||
| 4 November 1947 | Evelyn Walkden | Following censure by the House for his conduct. | ||||
| 18 November 1947 | Tom Horabin | |||||
| 22 March 1948 | John Mackie | |||||
| 28 April 1948 | John Platts-Mills | Expelled from party for sending supportive telegram to Pietro Nenni, Italian socialist allied with the Communists. | ||||
| 16 May 1948 | Alfred Edwards | Expelled from party for opposition to nationalisation of steel. | ||||
| 3 October 1948 | Eric Gandar Dower | Dispute with local association.[20] | ||||
| 26 October 1948 | Ivor Thomas | Resigned due to opposition to nationalisation of steel. | ||||
| 28 October 1948 | Gwilym Lloyd George | Whip removed;[21] Lloyd-George had been sitting on the Conservative front bench since 1945 but had continued to receive the Liberal whip "as a matter of courtesy". | ||||
| 18 May 1949 | Leslie Solley | Expelled from party for persistently opposing government policies. | ||||
| Konni Zilliacus | ||||||
| 27 July 1949 | Lester Hutchinson | Expelled from party for opposition to government foreign policy. | ||||
1950–1951 Parliament | ||||||
| 4 May 1950 | John MacLeod | |||||
| 4 August 1950 | Raymond Blackburn | Called for Winston Churchill to be Prime Minister in a coalition government. | ||||
1951–1955 Parliament | ||||||
| 2 June 1954 | John Mellor | Resigned whip over increase in MPs' salaries (Mellor was opposed). | ||||
| 14 July 1954 | ||||||
| Harry Legge-Bourke | Opposed to policy of withdrawing British base in Suez canal zone. | |||||
| 18 October 1954 | Harry Legge-Bourke | |||||
| 23 November 1954 | S. O. Davies | Whip withdrawn after breaking the whip over German rearmament. | ||||
| George Craddock | ||||||
| Ernest Fernyhough | ||||||
| Emrys Hughes | ||||||
| Sydney Silverman | ||||||
| Victor Yates | ||||||
| John McGovern | ||||||
| 10 March 1955 | Richard Acland | Opposed to party policy on nuclear arms and resigned his seat. | ||||
| 16 March 1955 | Aneurin Bevan | Whip withdrawn for challenging the authority of Party leader. | ||||
| April 1955 | S. O. Davies | Whip restored. | ||||
| George Craddock | ||||||
| Ernest Fernyhough | ||||||
| Emrys Hughes | ||||||
| Sydney Silverman | ||||||
| Victor Yates | ||||||
| John McGovern | ||||||
| 28 April 1955 | Aneurin Bevan | |||||
1955–1959 Parliament | ||||||
| 8 November 1956 | Cyril Banks | Resigned whip over the Suez Crisis (Banks was friendly with Egypt). The whip was restored on 19 December 1958. | ||||
| 13 May 1957 | Patrick Maitland | Resigned whip over the Suez Crisis, wanting UK involvement in Suez to continue (whip restored 23 December 1957). | ||||
| John Biggs-Davison | Resigned whip over the Suez Crisis, wanting UK involvement in Suez to continue (whip restored 11 July 1958). | |||||
| Anthony Fell | ||||||
| Victor Montagu | ||||||
| Lawrence Turner | ||||||
| Paul Williams | ||||||
| Angus Maude | Resigned whip over the Suez Crisis, wanting UK involvement in Suez to continue and subsequently resigned their seat. | |||||
| Victor Raikes | ||||||
| 14 November 1957 | Frank Medlicott | Resigned whip over the Suez Crisis (Medlicott was opposed to the invasion). The whip was restored 21 November 1958. | ||||
| 30 January 1959 | David Robertson | Resigned whip over policy on the Scottish highlands. | ||||
1959–1964 Parliament | ||||||
| 16 March 1961 | William Baxter | Whip withdrawn for voting against the defence estimates. The whip was restored on 29 May 1963. | ||||
| S. O. Davies | ||||||
| Michael Foot | ||||||
| Emrys Hughes | ||||||
| Sydney Silverman | ||||||
| 22 March 1961 | Alan Brown | Opposed to party defence policy. | ||||
| Konni Zilliacus | Whip suspended until January 1962 for writing critical article in Communist publication. | |||||
| 19 October 1961 | William Duthie | Resigned whip over policy on salmon fishing industry. The whip was restored on 15 November 1963. | ||||
| 4 May 1962 | Alan Brown | |||||
| 23 January 1964 | Dr Donald Johnson | Dispute with local party. | ||||
1966–1970 Parliament | ||||||
| 10 July 1966 | Geoffrey Hirst | Failed to persuade party to vote against Prices and Incomes Bill. | ||||
| 8 December 1966 | Reginald Paget | Resigned the whip because of opposition to United Nations sanctions on Rhodesia. The whip was restored on 15 June 1967. | ||||
| 10 January 1968 | Julian Ridsdale | Party disbanded. | ||||
| David Renton | ||||||
| Joan Vickers | ||||||
| John Nott | ||||||
| 18 January 1968 | Desmond Donnelly | Opposed to defence cuts 'east of Suez'. | ||||
| 31 January 1968 | Frank Allaun | Whip suspended from 31 January 1968 to 29 February 1968. | ||||
| Norman Atkinson | ||||||
| Albert Booth | ||||||
| James Dickens | ||||||
| S. O. Davies | ||||||
| Michael Foot | ||||||
| Will Griffiths | ||||||
| Dr John Dunwoody | ||||||
| Eric Heffer | ||||||
| Willie Hamilton | ||||||
| Emrys Hughes | ||||||
| Peter Jackson | ||||||
| Anne Kerr | ||||||
| Russell Kerr | ||||||
| Malcolm Macmillan | ||||||
| John Mendelson | ||||||
| Stanley Newens | ||||||
| Christopher Norwood | ||||||
| Stan Orme | ||||||
| Trevor Park | ||||||
| John Ryan | ||||||
| Sydney Silverman | ||||||
| Tom Swain | ||||||
| Carol Johnson | ||||||
1970–1974 Parliament | ||||||
| 24 August 1970 | Gerry Fitt | Formed new party. | ||||
| October 1970 | Bernadette Devlin | Declared that she would sit in Parliament as an independent socialist. | ||||
| 30 September 1971 | Ian Paisley | Protestant Unionists merged into new party. | ||||
| 16 February 1972 | Ray Gunter | Opposed to take-over of party by middle-class intellectuals.[22] | ||||
| 6 October 1972 | Dick Taverne | Dispute with local party. Simultaneously announced his intention to resign his seat and seek re-election. | ||||
| 18 December 1972 | Stratton Mills | Chose to remain an "independent unionist and Conservative" when the UUP withdrew from the Conservative whip. | ||||
| 29 April 1973 | ||||||
1974 Parliament | ||||||
| 9 July 1974 | Christopher Mayhew | Believed Labour was too vulnerable to left takeover. | ||||
1974–1979 Parliament | ||||||
| 11 October 1975 | John Dunlop | Split with leadership over proposal for voluntary power-sharing in Northern Ireland. | ||||
| 24 October 1975 | James Kilfedder | Opposed to the growth of support for the full integration of Northern Ireland into the United Kingdom, remained committed to devolution. | ||||
| 19 November 1975 | Robert Bradford | Opposed to power-sharing. | ||||
| 7 April 1976 | John Stonehouse | Believed new Prime Minister James Callaghan did not have a mandate. | ||||
| 14 April 1976 | John Stonehouse | |||||
| 26 July 1976 | Jim Sillars | Scottish Labour | Resigned from Labour over public spending cuts. | |||
| John Robertson | ||||||
| 8 October 1977 | Reg Prentice | Believed Labour should be defeated at the next election.[23] | ||||
| 26 November 1977 | William Craig | Party wound up. | ||||
1979–1983 Parliament | ||||||
| 22 November 1979 | Gerry Fitt | Socialist | Dispute with party over talks process. | |||
| 17 January 1980 | James Kilfedder | Ulster Progressive Unionist Party | Formed party (renamed 'Ulster Popular Unionist Party' in March 1980). | |||
| 20 February 1981 | Richard Crawshaw | Resigned whip prior to launch of new party, which he joined on 2 March 1981. | ||||
| Tom Ellis | Resigned whip prior to launch of new party, which he joined on 2 March 1981. | |||||
| 2 March 1981 | Tom Bradley | Formed new party. | ||||
| John Cartwright | ||||||
| John Horam | ||||||
| Robert Maclennan | ||||||
| John Roper | ||||||
| David Owen | ||||||
| Bill Rodgers | ||||||
| Neville Sandelson | ||||||
| Mike Thomas | ||||||
| Ian Wrigglesworth | ||||||
| 16 March 1981 | Christopher Brocklebank-Fowler | |||||
| 19 March 1981 | Edward Lyons | |||||
| 4 July 1981 | James Wellbeloved | |||||
| 7 September 1981 | Michael O'Halloran | |||||
| 1 October 1981 | Dr Dickson Mabon | |||||
| 5 October 1981 | Bob Mitchell | |||||
| 6 October 1981 | David Ginsburg | |||||
| 7 October 1981 | James Dunn | |||||
| Tom McNally | ||||||
| 29 October 1981 | Eric Ogden | |||||
| 16 November 1981 | John Grant | |||||
| 30 November 1981 | George Cunningham | |||||
| 2 December 1981 | Ronald Brown | Defected to the SDP.[24] | ||||
| 11 December 1981 | Bruce Douglas-Mann | Subsequently, resigned his seat and restood unsuccessfully for the Social Democratic Party. | ||||
| Jeffrey Thomas | ||||||
| Ednyfed Hudson Davies | ||||||
| 22 January 1982 | Bryan Magee | |||||
| 12 March 1982 | Bryan Magee | |||||
| 16 June 1982 | George Cunningham | |||||
| 2 August 1982 | Robert Mellish | Dispute with local party.[25] | ||||
| 10 February 1983 | Michael O'Halloran | Not selected as a candidate for the subsequent election. | ||||
1983–1987 Parliament | ||||||
| 31 January 1987 | John Ryman | |||||
1987–1992 Parliament | ||||||
| 3 March 1988 | All 17 Liberal MPs | Merger of the SDP and the Liberal Party as the "Social and Liberal Democrats", later Liberal Democrats. | ||||
| 3 March 1988 | Robert Maclennan | Merger of the SDP and the Liberal Party as the "Social and Liberal Democrats", later Liberal Democrats. | ||||
| Charles Kennedy | ||||||
| 3 March 1988 | Rosie Barnes | Objected to the SDP's merger with the Liberal Party. | ||||
| John Cartwright | ||||||
| David Owen | ||||||
| 19 May 1988 | Ron Brown | Whip suspended over misconduct. | ||||
| 19 August 1988 | Whip restored. | |||||
| 14 March 1990 | Dick Douglas | Opposed to party acquiescence in administering the Poll Tax. | ||||
| 24 May 1990 | Rosie Barnes | Continuing SDP dissolved, sat as independent Social Democrats. | ||||
| John Cartwright | ||||||
| David Owen | ||||||
| 4 October 1990 | Dick Douglas | |||||
| 25 September 1991 | Dave Nellist | Whip suspended over links to the Militant tendency. | ||||
| Terry Fields | ||||||
| 13 March 1992 | John Browne | Whip removed for intention to stand against official candidate after he had been deselected. | ||||
1992–1997 Parliament | ||||||
| 23 July 1993 | Rupert Allason | Whip suspended until 1 July 1994 after failing to back Conservative government in confidence motion. | ||||
| 29 November 1994 | Nicholas Budgen | Whip suspended until 24 April 1995 after failing to back Conservative government in confidence motion. | ||||
| Michael Carttiss | ||||||
| Christopher Gill | ||||||
| Teresa Gorman | ||||||
| Antony Marlow | ||||||
| Richard Shepherd | ||||||
| Teddy Taylor | ||||||
| John Wilkinson | ||||||
| Richard Body | ||||||
| 7 October 1995 | Alan Howarth | |||||
| 29 December 1995 | Emma Nicholson | Resigned saying "The Conservative Party has changed so much, while my principles have not changed at all. I would argue that it is not so much a case of my leaving the party, but the party leaving me."[26] | ||||
| 24 February 1996 | Peter Thurnham | Resigned over dismay at the Scott Report and the Nolan Report. | ||||
| 13 October 1996 | ||||||
| 8 March 1997 | George Gardiner | Resigned after being deselected by local Conservative association.[27] | ||||
1997–2001 Parliament | ||||||
| 21 November 1997 | Peter Temple-Morris | 'One Nation Conservative' | Whip removed due to questioned commitment to the Party. | |||
| 21 June 1998 | 'One Nation Conservative' | |||||
| 9 September 1998 | Tommy Graham | 'Scottish Labour' | Expelled from Party over misconduct. | |||
| 26 March 1999 | Dennis Canavan | Expelled from Party after decision to stand for Scottish Parliament against official candidate. | ||||
| 18 December 1999 | Shaun Woodward | Direction of party under William Hague. | ||||
| 6 March 2000 | Ken Livingstone | Expelled from Party after decision to stand for Mayor of London against official candidate. | ||||
| 11 April 2001 | Charles Wardle | Whip removed after rumours of support for Independent candidate in forthcoming general election. | ||||
2001–2005 Parliament | ||||||
| 10 December 2001 | Paul Marsden | Left Labour over the war in Afghanistan[28] | ||||
| 2 October 2002 | Andrew Hunter | Resigned whip in order to ally with the Democratic Unionist Party in Northern Ireland.[29] | ||||
| 23 June 2003 | David Burnside | Resigned whip over opposition to the Belfast Agreement. Accepted the whip back on 9 January 2004. | ||||
| Martin Smyth | Resigned whip over opposition to the Belfast Agreement. Accepted the whip back on 9 January 2004. | |||||
| Jeffrey Donaldson | Resigned whip over opposition to the Belfast Agreement. | |||||
| 23 October 2003 | George Galloway | Expelled from Party after being found guilty of "bringing the party into disrepute".[30] | ||||
| 9 January 2004 | Jeffrey Donaldson | Joined DUP. | ||||
| 25 January 2004 | George Galloway | |||||
| 25 January 2004 | Ann Winterton | Whip suspended over misconduct for telling a joke which alluded to the recent death of 23 illegal immigrant Chinese cockle-pickers in Morecambe Bay.[31] | ||||
| 31 March 2004 | Whip restored for apologising.[32] | |||||
| 10 December 2004 | Andrew Hunter | |||||
| 15 January 2005 | Robert Jackson | Disagreement with party over higher education funding. | ||||
| 3 February 2005 | Jonathan Sayeed | Whip suspended until 7 March 2005 over misconduct. | ||||
| 7 March 2005 | . | |||||
| 18 March 2005 | Whip withdrawn over misconduct. | |||||
| 25 March 2005 | Howard Flight | Whip withdrawn over controversial policy remarks. | ||||
| 6 April 2005 | Paul Marsden | Declared support for Labour Party to win the impending general election.[33] | ||||
| 25 April 2005 | Brian Sedgemore | Unhappy with the direction Labour were heading. Although this was one week before the election, Parliament had been dissolved on 11 April and Sedgemore was no longer a sitting MP. | ||||
2005–2010 Parliament | ||||||
| 20 October 2006 | Clare Short | Resigned whip. Declared support for a hung parliament at the next election.[34] | ||||
| 26 June 2007 | Quentin Davies | Criticised the direction of the Conservative Party under leadership of David Cameron.[35] | ||||
| 16 September 2007 | Robert Wareing | Resigned whip after failing in a bid for reselection. | ||||
| 25 September 2007 | Andrew Pelling | Whip suspended pending the conclusion of an investigation into the accusations he assaulted his wife, a case which was then dropped by the CPS.[36] | ||||
| 29 January 2008 | Derek Conway | Whip suspended pending the conclusion of an investigation into the accusations he misused his Parliamentary Allowances. | ||||
| 12 March 2008 | Bob Spink | Resigned from the Conservatives after disagreements with the party. | ||||
| 22 April 2008 | Joined UK Independence Party (UKIP). | |||||
| November 2008 | Re-designated Independent stating he had never been a full member.[37] | |||||
| 9 January 2010 | Iris Robinson | Expelled from the DUP. | ||||
| 8 February 2010 | David Chaytor | Whip suspended over the United Kingdom Parliamentary expenses scandal after criminal charges of false accounting were brought. | ||||
| Jim Devine | ||||||
| Elliot Morley | ||||||
| 25 March 2010 | Sylvia, Lady Hermon | Resigned from party due to opposition to the electoral pact between the Ulster Unionists and the Conservative Party.[38] | ||||
2010–2015 Parliament | ||||||
| 19 May 2010 | Eric Illsley | Whip suspended over the United Kingdom Parliamentary expenses scandal after criminal charges of false accounting were brought. | ||||
| 14 October 2010 | Denis MacShane | Whip suspended over the United Kingdom Parliamentary expenses scandal.[39] | ||||
| 23 February 2012 | Eric Joyce | Whip suspended after drunkenly assaulting fellow politicians, including Stuart Andrew and Phil Wilson, on the parliamentary estate.[40] | ||||
| 5 July 2012 | Denis MacShane | Retakes the whip after police decide not prosecute him over the United Kingdom Parliamentary expenses scandal. | ||||
| 2 November 2012 | Whip suspended after being found to have submitted false invoices for expenses during the United Kingdom Parliamentary expenses scandal.[41] | |||||
| 4 November 2012 | Nadine Dorries | Whip removed after taking part in I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here!.[42] | ||||
| 4 February 2013 | Chris Huhne | Suspended from the party after pleading guilty to perverting the course of justice. | ||||
| 8 May 2013 | Nadine Dorries | Whip returned.[43] | ||||
| 31 May 2013 | Patrick Mercer | Resigned the Conservative Party whip after an ongoing enquiry regarding allegations relating to lobbying.[44] | ||||
| 4 June 2013 | Mike Hancock | Resigned from the Liberal Democrats after allegations of sexual offences were made against him.[45] | ||||
| 19 July 2013 | David Ward | Whip withdrawn over anti Israel remarks.[46] | ||||
| 10 September 2013 | Nigel Evans | Resigned from the Conservatives after allegations of sexual offences were made against him.[47] [48] | ||||
| 19 September 2013 | David Ward | Received whip back. | ||||
| 10 April 2014 | Nigel Evans | Found not guilty on all charges, so returned to the Conservative benches. | ||||
| 28 August 2014 | Douglas Carswell | Defected and resigned as MP, triggering by-election which he won.[49] | ||||
| 27 September 2014 | Mark Reckless | Defected and resigned as MP, triggering by-election which he won.[50] | ||||
| 22 February 2015 | Jack Straw | Whip withdrawn after being secretly filmed apparently offering his services to a private company for cash.[51] | ||||
| 23 February 2015 | Sir Malcolm Rifkind | Whip withdrawn after being secretly filmed apparently offering his services to a private company for cash. | ||||
2015–2017 Parliament | ||||||
| 29 September 2015 | Michelle Thomson | Resigned whip over allegations of mortgage fraud.[52] | ||||
| 24 November 2015 | Natalie McGarry | Resigned whip over allegations of funds going missing from the accounts of Women for Independence.[53] | ||||
| 28 December 2015 | Simon Danczuk | Suspended from the Labour Party following allegations of sending sexually explicit text messages to a 17-year-old girl.[54] | ||||
| 27 April 2016 | Naz Shah | Suspended from the Labour Party following allegations of making anti-semitic remarks.[55] | ||||
| 5 July 2016 | Suspension overturned and reinstated to party after apologizing for remarks made.[56] | |||||
| 25 March 2017 | Douglas Carswell | Left UKIP after internal disagreements and became an independent MP[57] | ||||
2017–2019 Parliament | ||||||
| 10 July 2017 | Anne Marie Morris | Suspended pending investigation over racist remarks alleged.[58] | ||||
| 25 October 2017 | Jared O'Mara | Suspended pending investigation over sexist and homophobic comments. | ||||
| 2 November 2017 | Kelvin Hopkins | Suspended pending investigation due to sexual assault allegations. | ||||
| 3 November 2017 | Charlie Elphicke | Suspended pending investigation due to sexual assault allegations. | ||||
| 23 November 2017 | Ivan Lewis | Suspended pending investigation due to sexual assault allegations.[59] | ||||
| 12 December 2017 | Anne Marie Morris | Re-admitted into the party.[60] | ||||
| 8 January 2018 | Barry McElduff | Suspended over a joke seen as mocking IRA victims. | ||||
| 30 April 2018 | John Woodcock | Suspended pending investigation due to sexual assault allegations.[61] | ||||
| 3 July 2018 | Jared O'Mara | Re-admitted into the party.[62] | ||||
| 12 July 2018 | Resigned from the Labour Party.[63] | |||||
| 14 July 2018 | Andrew Griffiths | Suspended following sexting controversy. | ||||
| 24 July 2018 | Ian Paisley Jr | Suspended from party after failing to declare visits to Sri Lanka. | ||||
| 30 August 2018 | Frank Field | Resigned from the Labour Party in protest over anti-semitism and bullying within Labour.[64] | ||||
| 21 November 2018 | Ian Paisley Jr | Suspension lifted and whip restored. | ||||
| 6 December 2018 | Stephen Lloyd | Resigned from the Liberal Democrat whip over their call for a second EU referendum. | ||||
| 12 December 2018 | Charlie Elphicke | Whip restored to support May's Government in a vote of no confidence.[65] [66] | ||||
| Andrew Griffiths | ||||||
| 19 December 2018 | Fiona Onasanya | Suspended, and later expelled, from the party after being convicted of perverting the course of justice.[67] | ||||
| 18 February 2019 | Luciana Berger | Formed new group.[68] | ||||
| Ann Coffey | ||||||
| Mike Gapes | ||||||
| Chris Leslie | ||||||
| Gavin Shuker | ||||||
| Angela Smith | ||||||
| Chuka Umunna | ||||||
| 19 February 2019 | Joan Ryan | Joined new group.[69] | ||||
| 20 February 2019 | Heidi Allen | Joined new group. | ||||
| Anna Soubry | ||||||
| Sarah Wollaston | ||||||
| 22 February 2019 | Ian Austin | Resigned from the Labour Party in protest over alleged anti-semitism and bullying within Labour.[70] | ||||
| 27 February 2019 | Chris Williamson | Suspended from the Labour Party as he claimed that the party was too apologetic over anti-semitism. | ||||
| 1 April 2019 | Nick Boles | Resigned the Conservative Party whip over Brexit, taking the label "Independent Progressive Conservative".[71] | ||||
| 4 June 2019 | Heidi Allen | Resigned from Change UK. | ||||
| Luciana Berger | ||||||
| Gavin Shuker | ||||||
| Angela Smith | ||||||
| Chuka Umunna | ||||||
| Sarah Wollaston | ||||||
| 13 June 2019 | Chuka Umunna | Joined the Liberal Democrats.[72] | ||||
| 26 June 2019 | Chris Williamson | Reinstated by party. | ||||
| 28 June 2019 | Suspended again.[73] | |||||
| 10 July 2019 | Heidi Allen | Formed new group.[74] | ||||
| Luciana Berger | ||||||
| Gavin Shuker | ||||||
| Angela Smith | ||||||
| John Woodcock | ||||||
| 22 July 2019 | Charlie Elphicke | Suspended once again after being charged with sexual assault.[75] | ||||
| 14 August 2019 | Sarah Wollaston | Joined the Liberal Democrats.[76] | ||||
| 3 September 2019 | Phillip Lee | Physically crossed the floor during a statement by prime minister Boris Johnson to join the Liberal Democrats.[77] | ||||
| Guto Bebb | Suspended from the party over defying whip during vote against no-deal Brexit.[78] | |||||
| Richard Benyon | ||||||
| Steve Brine | ||||||
| Alistair Burt | ||||||
| Greg Clark | ||||||
| Kenneth Clarke | ||||||
| David Gauke | ||||||
| Justine Greening | ||||||
| Dominic Grieve | ||||||
| Sam Gyimah | ||||||
| Philip Hammond | ||||||
| Stephen Hammond | ||||||
| Richard Harrington | ||||||
| Margot James | ||||||
| Sir Oliver Letwin | ||||||
| Anne Milton | ||||||
| Caroline Nokes | ||||||
| Antoinette Sandbach | ||||||
| Sir Nicholas Soames | ||||||
| Rory Stewart | ||||||
| Ed Vaizey | ||||||
| 5 September 2019 | Luciana Berger | |||||
| 7 September 2019 | Amber Rudd | Resigned from the Cabinet and surrendered the Conservative whip. | ||||
| Angela Smith | Joined the Liberal Democrats. | |||||
| 14 September 2019 | Sam Gyimah | Joined the Liberal Democrats. | ||||
| 22 September 2019 | Mike Hill | Suspended from the party over allegations of sexual assault. | ||||
| 7 October 2019 | Stephen Hepburn | Suspended from the party over allegations of sexual assault. | ||||
| 7 October 2019 | Heidi Allen | Joined the Liberal Democrats. | ||||
| 16 October 2019 | Louise Ellman | Resigned from Labour in protest over Jeremy Corbyn. | ||||
| 21 October 2019 | Mike Hill | Reinstated after allegations of sexual harassment were dropped. | ||||
| 29 October 2019 | Alistair Burt | Whip restored. | ||||
| Caroline Nokes | ||||||
| Greg Clark | ||||||
| Sir Nicholas Soames | ||||||
| Ed Vaizey | ||||||
| Margot James | ||||||
| Richard Benyon | ||||||
| Steve Brine | ||||||
| Stephen Hammond | ||||||
| Richard Harrington | ||||||
| Stephen Lloyd | Rejoined the Liberal Democrats. | |||||
| 31 October 2019 | Antoinette Sandbach | Joined the Liberal Democrats.[79] | ||||
2019–2024 Parliament | ||||||
| 13 December 2019 | Neale Hanvey | Whip suspended from party over anti-semitic social media posts during election campaign.[80] | ||||
| 23 May 2020 | Jonathan Edwards | Whip suspended after being arrested on suspicion of assault.[81] | ||||
| 2 June 2020 | Neale Hanvey | Re-admitted to the party after a 6-month suspension.[82] | ||||
| 15 July 2020 | Julian Lewis | Whip suspended after "working with Labour and other opposition MPs for his own advantage".[83] | ||||
| 28 September 2020 | Claudia Webbe | Whip suspended, and later expelled from party, over allegations of harassment.[84] | ||||
| 1 October 2020 | Margaret Ferrier | Whip suspended from party after breaking COVID-19 travel restrictions.[85] | ||||
| 29 October 2020 | Jeremy Corbyn | Whip suspended from party for comments made after the release of a report that found the Labour Party under his leadership allowed anti-semitism and harassment of Jewish members.[86] Reinstated to the party on 17 November 2020 but whip not restored by Sir Keir Starmer.[87] | ||||
| 30 December 2020 | Julian Lewis | |||||
| 27 March 2021 | Kenny MacAskill | Resigned from the SNP to join the newly established Alba Party.[88] | ||||
| 28 March 2021 | Neale Hanvey | |||||
| 25 May 2021 | Rob Roberts | |||||
| 18 June 2021 | Imran Ahmad Khan | |||||
| 12 January 2022 | Anne Marie Morris | Whip withdrawn after rebelling against the government on an opposition day motion to cut VAT on energy bills.[89] | ||||
| 19 January 2022 | Christian Wakeford | Resigned from the Conservative Party and joined the Labour Party after expressing no-confidence in Boris Johnson, as result of his actions following revelations over drinking and partying in Downing Street during the UK's lockdowns.[90] | ||||
| 11 February 2022 | Neil Coyle | Whip suspended, following allegations of making racist comments to a journalist.[91] | ||||
| 2 April 2022 | David Warburton | Whip suspended following allegations of sexual assault and possession of cocaine.[92] | ||||
| 29 April 2022 | Neil Parish | Whip suspended following allegations of watching pornography whilst in the Commons.[93] | ||||
| 12 May 2022 | Anne Marie Morris | |||||
| 26 June 2022 | Patrick Grady | Resigned from the SNP following allegations of sexual assault, after apologising for sexual advances.[94] | ||||
| 1 July 2022 | Christopher Pincher | Whip suspended following an investigation of him drunkenly groping two men.[95] | ||||
| 19 July 2022 | Tobias Ellwood | Whip suspended for missing a confidence vote on Boris Johnson's government.[96] | ||||
| 7 September 2022 | Nick Brown | Whip suspended, following a complaint that had been made against him.[97] | ||||
| 27 September 2022 | Rupa Huq | Whip suspended, after being accused of making a racist comment about Chancellor Kwasi Kwarteng at the Labour conference.[98] | ||||
| 7 October 2022 | Conor Burns | Whip suspended after being sacked over an allegation of serious misconduct.[99] | ||||
| 13 October 2022 | Christina Rees | Whip suspended, after allegations of bullying her constituency staff.[100] | ||||
| 14 October 2022 | Tobias Ellwood | |||||
| 21 October 2022 | Chris Matheson | Whip suspended, after allegations of sexual misconduct.[101] | ||||
| 1 November 2022 | Matt Hancock | Whip suspended after taking part in I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here!.[102] | ||||
| 3 December 2022 | Conor Burns | |||||
| 7 December 2022 | Julian Knight | Whip suspended after a complaint about him was made to the Metropolitan Police.[103] | ||||
| Conor McGinn | Whip suspended and was suspended from the Labour Party pending the investigation of a complaint.[104] | |||||
| 29 December 2022 | Patrick Grady | |||||
| 11 January 2023 | Andrew Bridgen | Whip suspended after spreading misinformation about COVID-19 vaccination.[105] | ||||
| 3 March 2023 | Rupa Huq | |||||
| 5 April 2023 | Scott Benton | Whip suspended after admitting to lobbying ministers following a sting by The Times.[106] | ||||
| 23 April 2023 | Diane Abbott | Whip suspended after remarks made in The Observer.[107] | ||||
| 10 May 2023 | Andrew Bridgen | Joined the Reclaim Party.[108] | ||||
| 24 May 2023 | Neil Coyle | |||||
| 1 June 2023 | Geraint Davies | Whip suspended following complaints of "unacceptable behaviour".[109] | ||||
| 9 June 2023 | Bambos Charalambous | Whip suspended after a complaint was made against him.[110] | ||||
| 5 July 2023 | Angus MacNeil | Whip suspended for a week following a row with the party's chief whip.[111] | ||||
| 12 October 2023 | Lisa Cameron | Defected to the Conservative Party amid a selection contest citing 'toxic and bullying' treatment from colleagues.[112] | ||||
| 18 October 2023 | Peter Bone | Whip suspended after an investigation found that he had bullied staff and was sexually inappropriate towards a former member of staff.[113] | ||||
| 26 October 2023 | Crispin Blunt | Whip suspended after being arrested on suspicion of rape and possession of drugs.[114] | ||||
| 30 October 2023 | Andy McDonald | Whip suspended for making “deeply offensive” remarks made at a speech during a pro-Palestine rally.[115] | ||||
| 4 November 2023 | Bob Stewart | Surrendered the whip after being found guilty of racially abusing an activist.[116] | ||||
| 20 December 2023 | Andrew Bridgen | Left the Reclaim Party.[117] | ||||
| 5 January 2024 | Chris Skidmore | Left the Conservative Party and resigned as an MP, triggering a by-election, over the governmental decision to allow more oil and gas fracking licences.[118] | ||||
| 28 January 2024 | Kate Osamor | Whip suspended following comments made that the events in Gaza should be remembered on Holocaust Memorial Day.[119] | ||||
| 1 February 2024 | Christina Rees | Whip restored, following an apology.[120] | ||||
| 24 February 2024 | Lee Anderson | Whip suspended for making Islamaphobic comments about Sadiq Khan, and refusing to apologise for them.[121] | ||||
| 11 March 2024 | Lee Anderson | Joined Reform UK following suspension from Conservative Party.[122] | ||||
| 13 March 2024 | Andy McDonald | Labour Whip restored following investigation over use of controversial phrase.[123] | ||||
| 29 March 2024 | Jeffrey Donaldson | Party membership suspended following charges of historic sex offences.[124] | ||||
| 9 April 2024 | William Wragg | Resigned Tory Whip following the leaking of fellow MP's personal numbers following the sharing of explicit images through a dating app.[125] | ||||
| 12 April 2024 | Bambos Charalambous | Whip restored following results of investigation.[126] | ||||
| 17 April 2024 | Mark Menzies | Whip removed pending investigation of allegations of misuse of campaign funds.[127] | ||||
| 27 April 2024 | Dan Poulter | Defected to Labour, describing the Conservatives as "a nationalist party of the right" which "no longer prioritises the NHS".[128] | ||||
| 8 May 2024 | Natalie Elphicke | Defected to Labour, describing Sunak's government as "tired and chaotic".[129] | ||||
| 8 May 2024 | Kate Osamor | Labour Whip restored following results of investigation.[130] | ||||
| 24 May 2024 | Matt Hancock | Conservative Whip restored shortly after election called.[131] | ||||
| 24 May 2024 | Bob Stewart | Conservative Whip restored shortly after election called.[132] | ||||
| 27 May 2024 | Lucy Allan | Tory Whip removed after publicly stating the endorsement of another party's candidate.[133] | ||||
| 28 May 2024 | Diane Abbott | Labour Whip restored shortly after election called.[134] | ||||
2024–present Parliament | ||||||
| 23 July 2024 | Apsana Begum | Whip suspended from party after rebelling against the government on an amendment to scrap the two-child benefit cap.[135] | ||||
| Richard Burgon | ||||||
| Ian Byrne | ||||||
| Imran Hussain | ||||||
| Rebecca Long-Bailey | ||||||
| John McDonnell | ||||||
| Zarah Sultana | ||||||
These MPs were suspended by their Parliamentary Parties but continued to receive the Whip.
| Date | Member | Party | Notes | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 22 March 2010 | Patricia Hewitt | Suspended over the allegations from the 2010 Cash for Influence Scandal.[136] | ||
| Geoff Hoon | ||||
| Stephen Byers | ||||
| Margaret Moran | ||||
| 5 November 2010 | Phil Woolas | Suspended after being found to have breached the Representation of the People Act 1983; his 2010 general election victory was declared void and he was barred from holding public office for 3 years.[137] | ||
The House of Lords is not a popularly elected body.
| Date | Member | Before | After | Notes | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1979–1984 Parliament | ||||||
| January 1984 | Michael Gallagher | Created new party. | ||||
1994–1999 Parliament | ||||||
| June 1997 | Ken Coates | Expelled from the Labour Party. | ||||
| Hugh Kerr | Expelled from the Labour Party. | |||||
| January 1998 | James Moorhouse | Joined the Lib Dems after being de-selected. | ||||
| March 1999 | Brendan Donnelly | Created new party. | ||||
| John Stevens | Created new party. | |||||
| May 1999 | Christine Oddy | Expelled from the Labour Party.[184] | ||||
1999–2004 Parliament | ||||||
| February 2000 | Michael Holmes | Quit the party after power struggle with UKIP's National Executive Committee.[185] | ||||
| July 2000 | Bill Newton Dunn | Joined the Lib Dems. | ||||
| August 2002 | Richard Balfe | Expelled from the Labour Party. | ||||
2004–2009 Parliament | ||||||
| July 2004 | Ashley Mote | Expelled from UKIP after being jailed for fraud.[186] | ||||
| January 2005 | Robert Kilroy-Silk | Created new party, and then went independent. | ||||
| March 2007 | Tom Wise | Expelled from UKIP, pending fraud trial. | ||||
| Jim Allister | Created new party. | |||||
| November 2007 | Sajjad Karim | Joined the Conservatives.[187] | ||||
| June 2008 | Den Dover | Expelled from the Conservatives for violating European Parliament expenses rules.[188] | ||||
2009–2014 Parliament | ||||||
| September 2009 | Edward McMillan-Scott | Expelled from the Conservatives.[189] | ||||
| January 2010 | Nikki Sinclaire | Expelled from UKIP for "extreme views".[190] | ||||
| March 2010 | Edward McMillan-Scott | Joined the Lib Dems.[191] | ||||
| May 2011 | David Campbell Bannerman | Re-joined the Conservatives.[192] | ||||
| March 2012 | Roger Helmer | Joined UKIP.[193] | ||||
| October 2012 | Andrew Brons | Quit the party.[194] | ||||
| February 2013 | Marta Andreasen | Joined the Conservatives.[195] | ||||
| September 2013 | Mike Nattrass | Deselected by UKIP for the 2014 European election. He subsequently resigned from the party calling Farage's leadership "totalitarian".[196] | ||||
| Godfrey Bloom | Whip withdrawn due to inappropriate comments.[197] | |||||
2014–2019 Parliament | ||||||
| January 2015 | Amjad Bashir | Joined the Conservatives.[198] | ||||
| March 2015 | Janice Atkinson | Suspended and then later expelled from UKIP due to allegations of impropriety.[199] | ||||
| October 2016 | Steven Woolfe | Quit the party.[200] | ||||
| November 2016 | Diane James | Quit the party.[201] | ||||
| October 2017 | Richard Ashworth | Suspended from party and whip withdrawn. | ||||
| Julie Girling | Suspended from party and whip withdrawn. | |||||
| January 2018 | Jonathan Arnott | Quit the party, stating leader Henry Bolton "not the right person for the job".[202] | ||||
| May 2018 | James Carver | Quit the party over leader Gerard Batten's support for Tommy Robinson.[203] | ||||
| September 2018 | William Legge, 10th Earl of Dartmouth | Quit the party, labelling it "homophobic and anti-Islamic".[204] | ||||
| October 2018 | Bill Etheridge | Defected to the Libertarian Party.[205] | ||||
| November 2018 | Louise Bours | Quit the party.[206] | ||||
| Patrick O'Flynn | Joined the extant SDP.[207] | |||||
| December 2018 | Nigel Farage | Quit the party.[208] | ||||
| Nathan Gill | Quit the party.[209] | |||||
| David Coburn | Quit the party.[210] | |||||
| Paul Nuttall | Quit the party.[211] | |||||
| Tim Aker | Quit the party. | |||||
| Julia Reid | Quit the party.[212] | |||||
| Jonathan Bullock | Quit the party.[213] | |||||
| November 2018 | Diane James | Joined the Brexit Party. | ||||
| David Coburn | ||||||
| Nigel Farage | ||||||
| Nathan Gill | ||||||
| Julia Reid | ||||||
| Tim Aker | ||||||
| Jonathan Bullock | ||||||
| Bill Etheridge | ||||||
| Paul Nuttall | ||||||
| April 2019 | Jill Seymour | Joined the Brexit Party.[214] | ||||
| Jane Collins | ||||||
| Margot Parker | ||||||
| Jonathan Arnott | ||||||
| Julie Girling | Joined new group.[215] | |||||
| Richard Ashworth | ||||||
| Ray Finch | Joined the Brexit Party.[216] | |||||
| May 2019 | Julie Girling | Voiced support for the Liberal Democrats in the 2019 European elections. | ||||
2019–2024 Parliament | ||||||
| September 2019 | Andrew England Kerr | Whip withdrawn for "irreconcilable differences regarding a likely conflict of interest".[217] | ||||
| November 2019 | Louis Stedman-Bryce | Resigned from the party. | ||||
| December 2019 | Lucy Harris | Joined the Conservative Party. | ||||
| Lance Forman | ||||||
| John Longworth | ||||||
| Annunziata Rees-Mogg | ||||||
| Date | Member | Before | After | Notes | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2004–2008 Assembly | ||||||
| September 2005 | Damian Hockney | First joined Veritas, then created new party One London. | ||||
| Peter Hulme-Cross | ||||||
2008–2012 Assembly | ||||||
| August 2010 | Richard Barnbrook | Expelled from the BNP.[218] | ||||
2016–2021 Assembly | ||||||
| December 2018 | Peter Whittle | Quit the party.[219] | ||||
| January 2020 | David Kurten | Quit the party in order to run as an Independent in the 2020 London mayoral election.[220] | ||||
| September 2020 | David Kurten | Formed own party. | ||||
| Date | Member | Before | After | Notes | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1999–2003 Assembly | ||||||
| 2000 | Rod Richards | [221] | Whip withdrawn after abstaining on a budget vote.[222] | |||
2003–2007 Assembly | ||||||
| 2005 | Peter Law | Left party in protest at the use of all-woman shortlists. | ||||
2007–2011 Assembly | ||||||
| 2009 | Mohammad Asghar | Explained that he was a "Unionist" and against Welsh independence. | ||||
| 2010 | Mick Bates | Suspended after it was discovered that he would be prosecuted for assault. | ||||
2016–2021 Assembly/Senedd | ||||||
| 2016 | Nathan Gill | Left UKIP group to sit as an independent.[223] | ||||
| Dafydd Elis-Thomas | Left Plaid Cymru party to support the Labour minority government. | |||||
| 2017 | Neil McEvoy | Suspended from party group.[224] | ||||
| Mark Reckless | Left UKIP group to sit as an independent within the Conservative Group. | |||||
| Carl Sargeant | Sargeant was suspended from Welsh Labour following allegations about his personal conduct.[225] | |||||
| 2018 | Mandy Jones | Left UKIP group to sit as an independent after criticising Neil Hamilton.[226] | ||||
| Caroline Jones | Left UKIP group to sit as an independent, stating the party had moved "to a more far-right position".[227] | |||||
| Jenny Rathbone | Suspended over remarks about Jewish people.[228] | |||||
| 2019 | Jenny Rathbone | Re-admitted.[229] | ||||
| Michelle Brown | Left UKIP group to sit as an independent.[230] | |||||
| Mark Reckless | Left Conservative Group on 'good terms' to sit as an independent.[231] | |||||
| Caroline Jones | Joined the Brexit Party.[232] | |||||
| Mandy Jones | Joined the Brexit Party.[233] | |||||
| Mark Reckless | Joined the Brexit Party. | |||||
| David Rowlands | Joined the Brexit Party. | |||||
| Gareth Bennett | Quit the party.[234] | |||||
| 2020 | Nick Ramsay | Arrested on 1 January 2020 and suspended from the Conservative group the following day.[235] | ||||
| Neil McEvoy | Formed the Welsh National Party. | |||||
| Gareth Bennett | Joined the Abolish the Welsh Assembly Party.[236] | |||||
| Nick Ramsay | Re-admitted.[237] | |||||
| Caroline Jones | Left the Brexit Party due to their anti-devolution stance.[238] | |||||
| Caroline Jones | Formed a new group: Independent Alliance for Reform.[239] | |||||
| Mandy Jones | ||||||
| David Rowlands | ||||||
| Mark Reckless | Joined the Abolish the Welsh Assembly Party.[240] | |||||
| 2021 | Alun Davies | Suspended after allegedly being involved in alcohol drinking on the Senedd estate, that could have broken COVID restrictions.[241] | ||||
| Re-admitted.[242] | ||||||
| Nick Ramsay | Left the Conservative Group after being unhappy with the party's direction, and wanting to stand as an Independent in the Senedd election, after being deselected by the local group.[243] | |||||
2021–2026 Senedd | ||||||
| 2022 | Rhys ab Owen | Suspended on 8 November 2022 pending an investigation by the Senedd's standards watchdog over an alleged breach of the code of conduct.[244] | ||||
| Date | Member | Before | After | Notes | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1999–2003 Parliament | ||||||
| 2002 | Dorothy-Grace Elder | Resigned over disagreement over how the party was run.[245] | ||||
| 2003 | Margo MacDonald | Ranked low on the party list for re-election so stood as an independent and was expelled from party; re-elected as an independent. | ||||
2003–2007 Parliament | ||||||
| 2004 | Campbell Martin | Expelled from party and stood as an independent. | ||||
| 2005 | Mike Watson, Baron Watson of Invergowrie | Expelled from the Party after causing a fire and resigned.[246] | ||||
| Brian Monteith | Had whip withdrawn over misconduct. | |||||
| 2006 | Rosemary Byrne | Created new party, Solidarity. | ||||
| Tommy Sheridan | Created new party, Solidarity. | |||||
2007–2011 Parliament | ||||||
| March 2011 | Hugh O'Donnell | Quit party over its direction.[247] | ||||
2011–2016 Parliament | ||||||
| April 2012 | Bill Walker | Expelled from the SNP for allegedly not declaring the allegations cited in his uncontested divorce proceedings during the MSP vetting process.[248] | ||||
| October 2012 | John Finnie | Resigned over the party's decision to support NATO membership for an independent Scotland.[249] | ||||
| Jean Urquhart | Resigned over the party's decision to support NATO membership for an independent Scotland. | |||||
| September 2014 | John Wilson | Resigned over the party's decision to support NATO membership for an independent Scotland. | ||||
| October 2014 | John Finnie | Joined the Scottish Green Party, but continued to sit as an Independent MSP.[250] | ||||
| December 2014 | John Wilson | Joined the Scottish Green Party, but continued to sit as an independent MSP.[251] | ||||
| September 2015 | Jean Urquhart | Joined the RISE, but continued to sit as an independent MSP.[252] | ||||
2016–2021 Parliament | ||||||
| 12 May 2016 | Ken Macintosh | Elected Presiding Officer and consequently had to renounce his party affiliation.[253] [254] | ||||
| 15 November 2017 | Alex Rowley | Suspended by Labour due to allegations about his conduct.[255] | ||||
| 16 November 2017 | Mark McDonald | Suspended by SNP due to allegations about his conduct. Left the SNP on 6 March 2018.[256] | ||||
| 19 December 2017 | Alex Rowley | Reinstated by Labour.[257] | ||||
| February 2020 | Derek Mackay | Suspended by SNP for sending inappropriate messages to a 16-year-old boy.[258] | ||||
| 24 November 2020 | Michelle Ballantyne | Left the Conservative Party due to disagreements over policy relating to the Covid-19 pandemic.[259] | ||||
| 18 December 2020 | Andy Wightman | Resigned over policy differences.[260] | ||||
| 12 January 2021 | Michelle Ballantyne | Became Scots chief of what is now Reform UK[261] after the name change from Brexit Party. | ||||
2021–2026 Parliament | ||||||
| 13 May 2021 | Alison Johnstone | Elected Presiding Officer.[262] | ||||
| 27 September 2023 | Fergus Ewing | Suspended for a week over rebellions against the government.[263] | ||||
| 28 October 2023 | Ash Regan | Defected to the Alba Party.[264] | ||||
| Date | Member | Before | After | Notes | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1998–2003 Assembly | |||||||
| 1999 | Cedric Wilson | Disagreed with UKUP leader Robert McCartney, as they wanted to remain in the Assembly to challenge unionists in favour of the Belfast Agreement. | |||||
| Patrick Roche | Disagreed with UKUP leader Robert McCartney, as they wanted to remain in the Assembly to challenge unionists in favour of the Belfast Agreement. | ||||||
| Norman Boyd | Disagreed with UKUP leader Robert McCartney, as they wanted to remain in the Assembly to challenge unionists in favour of the Belfast Agreement. | ||||||
| Roger Hutchinson | Disagreed with UKUP leader Robert McCartney, as they wanted to remain in the Assembly to challenge unionists in favour of the Belfast Agreement. | ||||||
| Expelled for accepting seats on two statutory committees, against party policy.[265] | |||||||
| November2000 | Joined DUP.[266] | ||||||
2003–2007 Assembly | |||||||
| 18 December 2003 | Jeffrey Donaldson | Disagreements over the Good Friday Agreement negotiations and the position taken by party leader David Trimble.[267] | |||||
| Norah Beare | |||||||
| Arlene Foster | |||||||
| 23 November 2005 | Francie Molloy | Suspended from the party due to publicly disagreeing with the policy on local government reform.[268] | |||||
| 15 January 2007 | Geraldine Dougan | Resigned from party.[269] | |||||
| 2 February 2007 | Davy Hyland | Resigned from party. | |||||
| 15 February 2007 | Paul Berry | Stood as an independent but was not elected.[270] | |||||
| 18 February 2007 | George Ennis | ||||||
2007–2011 Assembly | |||||||
| 29 November 2007 | Gerry McHugh | Believed that "Fianna Fáil was the right party to bring about change in Northern Ireland". | |||||
| 30 March 2010 | Major Alan MacFarland | Disagreed with the UUP's electoral pact with the Conservative Party. | |||||
| 3 June 2010 | Dawn Purvis | Disagreed with direction of party.[271] | |||||
| 3 January 2011 | David McClarty | Resigned after being de-selected.[272] | |||||
2011–2016 Assembly | |||||||
| 27 January 2012 | David McNarry | Suspended from the UUP.[273] | |||||
| 4 October 2012 | Joined UKIP. | ||||||
| 14 February 2013 | Basil McCrea | Formed new party.[274] | |||||
| John McCallister | Formed new party.[275] | ||||||
| 10 July 2014 | Response to allegations of impropriety against leader Basil McCrea.[276] | ||||||
2016–2017 Assembly | |||||||
| 18 December 2016 | Jonathan Bell | Suspended from the DUP following fallout with party leader.[277] | |||||
2017–2022 Assembly | |||||||
| 18 May 2018 | Jim Wells | Suspended after attacking the leadership.[278] | |||||
| 3 March 2020 | Trevor Lunn | Quit Alliance due to an 'irreconcilable internal problem'.[279] | |||||
| 1 July 2021 | Alex Easton | Resigned from the party.[280] | |||||
| 3 February 2024 | Justin McNulty | Suspended from the SDLP after leaving Assembly session early to manage Laois GAA at a Gaelic match.[281] | |||||
| Date | Member | Before | After | Notes | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2014 | Olly Martins | Suspended from the Labour Party and investigated by the Independent Police Complaints Commission after he disclosed confidential information about the death of a man in police custody.[282] [283] [284] | ||||
2016–2021 Commissioners | ||||||
| April 2019 | Jane Kennedy | Resigned from the Labour Party alleging anti-semitism.[285] | ||||