List of prisons in Australia explained

This is a list of operational and former Australian prisons for adult males and females and youth detention centres for juveniles. Prisons listed as "museum" are former prisons that are now open for public inspection and tours.

Throughout the European history of Australia, particularly since its formation as a penal colony, Australia has had many establishments for rehabilitation and incarceration. Altogether, there have been more than 180+ rehabilitation centres, youth correctional centres and prisons in Australia.

Australian Capital Territory

A new prison was opened on 11 September 2008 at Hume, called the Alexander Maconochie Centre, named after Alexander Maconochie. The centre is designed as a multi role facility to replace the Belconnen Remand Centre and provide detention facilities so that prisoners who are currently held in New South Wales facilities may be held locally.

Prisons in the Australian Capital Territory
PrisonStatusClassificationManagedOpenedClosedCapacityLocation
Alexander Maconochie Centre[1] Operational Minimum to maximum 11 September 2008 No 300 Hume
Closed MaximumDemolished in 2015–2016ACT Corrective Services 1986 30 April 200960Belconnen
Operational ACT Community Services 3 September 2008 No 40Mitchell
Periodic Detention Centre[2] Operational Minimum ACT Corrective Services 1962 No 49 Symonston
Symonston Correctional Centre[3] Operational ACT Corrective Services ? No 22 Symonston
Total capacity 411(current)

New South Wales

The following list of operational and closed correctional facilities has been sourced from the Corrective Services NSW and from the State Records archives.[4] [5]

Prisons in New South Wales
PrisonStatusClassificationManagedOpenedClosedCapacityLocation
Operational ? Youth Justice NSW 1998 n/a 45 Grafton
Albury Gaol Closed Demolished in 1947[6] n/a 14 August 1874 4 June 1943 ? Albury
Armidale Gaol Closed Demolished in 1929[7] n/a 14 August 1874 25 June 1920 ? Armidale
Balranald Gaol Museum[8] ? n/a 25 August 1887 1 August 1932 ? Balranald
Operational Minimum to maximum 14 August 1874 n/a 650 Bathurst
Bega Gaol Closed ? n/a 14 August 1874 1 May 1940 ? Bega
Old Berrima GaolOperational[9] Minimum Corrective Services NSW183920162011n/a? Berrima
Operational Minimum 1949 n/a 75 Berrima
Biloela Gaol (Convict Precinct) Events venue[10] ? Sydney Harbour Federation Trust June 18881908? Cockatoo Island[11]
Bombala Gaol Closed Most probably demolished n/a 26 January 1892 30 November 1939 ? Bombala
Braidwood Gaol Closed In state of ruins[12] n/a 14 August 1874 16 August 1909 ? Braidwood
Operational Minimum Corrective Services NSW 2000 n/a 70 Brewarrina
Broken Hill Correctional Centre
(initially as Silverton Gaol) 		Operational Medium 12 May 1891 n/a 89 Broken Hill
Operational ? Youth Justice NSW ? ? ? Broken Hill
Burrowa Gaol (or maybe Boorowa Gaol) Closed ? n/a 1 January 1889 5 December 1904 ? Boorowa
Cessnock Correctional Centre[13] Operational Minimum to maximum Correctional Services NSW 1972[14] n/a 750 Cessnock
Clarence Correctional CentreOperationalMinimum to maximumSerco25 July 2020n/a1,700near Grafton
Operational ? Youth Justice NSW June 1980 n/a 105 St Marys
Condobolin Gaol Closed ? n/a 13 January 1902 1 December 1905 ? Condobolin
Cooma Correctional Centre[15] Operational+ museum[16] Minimum to medium
(males and females) 		Corrective Services NSW 1 November 1873 n/a 160Cooma
Coonabarabran Gaol Closed ? n/a 2 October 1878 1 January 1903 ? Coonabarabran
Cootamundra Gaol Closed ? n/a 25 November 1886 31 August 1935 ? Cootamundra
Closed ? 1822 1914 ? Darlinghurst
Operational ? 1989 n/a 22 Holsworthy Barracks
Deniliquin Gaol Closed Demolished in 1966[17] n/a 14 August 1874 15 November 1935 ? Deniliquin
Dillwynia Correctional Centre[18] Operational Minimum/ mediumCorrective Services NSW 204 n/a 200Windsor
Museum & events venue[19] ?1847 26 August 1966 ? Dubbo
Operational Minimum Corrective Services NSW December 1914 n/a 190 Emu Plains
Museum Maximum 1788 1838[20] ? Sydney Harbour
Operational ? Youth Justice NSW October 1999[21] ? 120 Kariong
Operational Minimum Corrective Services NSW 15 August 1928 n/a 95 Glen Innes
Operational 14 August 1874 n/a 650 Goulburn
Grafton Correctional Centre[22] Operational Medium 14 August 1974 n/a 270 Grafton
Grenfell Gaol Closed ? 1 January 1877 1 January 1905 ? Grenfell
Gundagai Gaol Closed Minimum 1859 1909 ? Gundagai
Closed Museum, picnic ground and events venue[23] 14 August 1874 31 October 1947 ? Hay
Operational Minimum 2000 n/a 50 Ivanhoe
Operational Minimum to maximum ? 1991 400Windsor
Operational Medium 1993 n/a 790 adult males[24] Junee
Operational ? Youth Justice NSW 2005 n/a ? Lidcombe
Operational ? Corrective Services NSW 1991 n/a 100 Kariong
Closed Youth centre[25] Youth Justice NSW 1978 2009 ? Unanderra
Kempsey Gaol
(opened as West Kempsey Gaol) 		Closed Most likely demolished n/a 1 January 1884 31 December 1941 West Kempsey
Operational Minimum Corrective Services NSW 28 November 1958<--Reopened-->No 250 Sunny Corner
Leslie Nott Afforestation Camp, Laurel Hill Closed[26] Minimum n/a 18 March 1957 23 June 1995 ? Laurel Hill
Operational Maximum Corrective Services NSW 1990 n/a 460 Lithgow
Operational Maximum 1909 n/a 1,100 Sydney
Museum Maximum 1848 28 January 1998 400 Maitland
Operational Minimum 1930 n/a 164 Tumbarumba
Metropolitan Remand and Reception Centre (MRRC) Operational Maximum 1997 n/a 1,050 Silverwater
Operational Minimum to medium 2004 n/a 500 Aldavilla
Mudgee Gaol Closed Most likely demolished14 August 1874 11 August 1909 Mudgee
Narrabri Gaol Museum ? Narrabri Historical Society[27] 1880-1882[28] 2 November 1982 Narrabri
Operational Minimum1930[29] n/a 100 Oberon
Operational ? Youth Justice NSW 2000 ? 45 Dubbo
Operational Maximum & a minimum area[30] GEO Group Australia 1983 n/a 893 Parklea
Museum[31] Medium ? 1798 2011[32] 580 Parramatta
Port Macquarie Gaol Closed Demolished[33] n/a Between 1837 and 1840 1920Port Macquarie
Operational ? Youth Justice NSW August 1973 n/a 55 Airds
Riverina Juvenile Justice Centre[34] [35] Operational ? 1984 n/a 45 Wagga Wagga
Operational Minimum Corrective Services NSW ? n/a ? Silverwater
Operational Minimum 1970 n/a 200 Silverwater
South Coast Correctional Centre[36] Operational Minimum to Maximum 2010 n/a 549 Nowra Hill
Operational Minimum 1990 n/a 280 Muswellbrook
Operational Medium 1991 n/a 90 Tamworth
Taree Gaol Closed Demolished 15 December 1884 31 October 1940 Taree
Trial Bay Gaol Museum ? 1886 1918 Arakoon
Tuncurry Afforestation Camp Closed Demolished 26 October 1913 1 April 1938 Tuncurry
Wagga Wagga Gaol Closed Demolished in 1919[37] 186311 August 1909 Wagga Wagga
Operational Maximum Corrective Services NSW 2007 n/a 700 Wellington
School then to Museum[38] ? n/a Built in 1879–18811927Wentworth
Windsor Gaol Closed Demolished in 1936[39] n/a 14 August 1874 17 January 1899 Windsor
Wollongong Gaol Closed Demolished after WWI[40] n/a 14 August 1874 31 October 1915 Wollongong
Wyalong Gaol Closed Most probably demolished n/a 1 February 1899 16 August 1909 Wyalong
Yarrangobilly Gaol Closed ? n/a 2 November 1966 21 July 1993 Yarrangobilly
Closed ? Youth Justice NSW 1981 2006 36 Ashfield
Yass Gaol Closed Most probably demolishedn/a 1 September 1883 16 August 1909 Yass
Young Gaol Closed Much of the gaol was demolished in 1934 and the remains (mainly the arched gateway) were incorporated into Young's new technical college.[41] n/a 14 August 1874 1 August 1923 Young
Total capacity 4,927 (known)

Cooma commenced operations on 1 November 1873 with 31 cells. In 1876 it was reduced to a Police Gaol and then a temporary Lunatic Asylum in 1877. The Centre closed temporarily in the early 1900s. The Gaol reopened on 8 March 1957 and was again closed 10 July 1998. Cooma Correctional Centre reopened for the second time in November 2001.

Maitland, now closed, had capacity for 400 inmates at its peak.

Northern Territory

Prisons in the Northern Territory
PrisonStatusClassificationManagedOpenedClosedCapacityLocation
Operational Maximum Northern Territory Correctional Services 1996 – align=right 470 Alice Springs
Operational Maximum September 1998 – align=right 10 Alice Springs
Closed Maximum Northern Territory Correctional Services 1 September 1979 28 November 2014 750 Berrimah
Operational Maximum 1989 – align=right 38 Berrimah
OperationalMinimum to maximum Northern Territory Correctional Services September 2014 – align=right 1000
Museum Maximum 20 September 1883 1 September 1979 align=right ? Darwin
Operational Minimum Northern Territory Correctional Services 1980s align=right 20 Wildman River
Total capacity align=right 2288 (current)

Queensland

Prisons in Queensland
PrisonStatusClassificationManagedOpenedClosedCapacityLocation
Operational Maximum Queensland Corrective Services 1992 – 890 Wacol, Brisbane
Museum+ events venue+ Maximum Now operating as a museum July 1883 15 June 1992 ? Dutton Park,Brisbane
Operational Maximum Queensland Corrective Services 17 November 1989 & reopened on 7 March 2016 initially closed 25 January 2012 494 Borallon, Somerset Region
Brisbane Correctional Centre
(formerly known as Sir David Longland Correctional Centre) 		Operational Maximum 2008 – 600 Wacol, Brisbane
Operational Maximum Queensland Corrective Services June 1999 – 270 Wacol, Brisbane
Operational Maximum 2001 – 105 Wacol, Brisbane
Closed Demolished Prison Department 8 September 1897 7 April 1926 - Cairns
Operational High security/Low security centresQueensland Corrective Services 12 September 2001 – 500Etna Creek, north of Rockhampton
Operational Maximum Department of Communities 1980 – 100 Townsville
Closed Low/Open Queensland Corrective Services 10 December 1994 30 September 2012 170 Westbrook
Helena Jones CentreOperationalLowQueensland Corrective Services29[42] Albion, Brisbane
Closed Demolished Prisons Department 1885 6 August 1924 -Ingham, Shire of Hinchinbrook
Closed Maximum Department of Communities 1987 2001 – Wacol, Brisbane
Operational Maximum Queensland Corrective Services 29 May 1989 – 500Mareeba
Operational Maximum Queensland Corrective Services 14 October 2002 – 500Maryborough
Operational Low/Open Queensland Corrective Services 28 October 1940 – 129 Numinbah
Operational Low/Open/Protection Queensland Corrective Services 6 December 1934 – 170 Rathdowney
Rockhampton Correctional Centre
(formerly known as Etna Creek Prison) 		Closed High Queensland Corrective Services 1969 September 2001 Rockhampton
Closed Demolished Prison Department 7 December 1872 3 October 1903 - Roma
Closed Maximum Department of Communities 1961 2001 – Windsor
Operational Minimum to maximum Queensland Corrective Services 3 March 2012– 300 Gatton
Closed Ruins[43] N/A 14 May 1867 December 1932– St Helena Island,Brisbane
Closed Demolished Prison Department December 1945 8 March 1962 - Ingham
Closed Demolished N/A 1864 1900 – Toowoomba
Townsville Correctional Centre
(formerly known as H.M.P.E. Stewart's Creek) 		Operational Maximum Queensland Corrective Services 6 April 1893 – 494 Townsville
Closed Demolished Prison Department 21 October 1942 3 May 1949 - Numinbah
Operational Maximum GEO June 1999 – 600 Wacol
Operational Maximum Queensland Corrective Services 28 September 1973 – 1008 Woodford
Total capacity 6166

South Australia

Prisons in South Australia are managed by the South Australian, Department for Correctional Services apart from the Mount Gambier Prison and Adelaide Remand Centre which are managed by GSL Group.

Prisons in South Australia
PrisonStatusClassificationManagedOpenedClosedCapacityLocation
Museum Maximum Department for Correctional Services 1841 1988 [440] Adelaide
Operational Minimum Department for Correctional Services ? - 104 Adelaide
Operational Maximum Corrections and Serco 1986 - 274 Adelaide
Operational Minimum to maximum Department for Correctional Services 1969 - 176 Adelaide
Operational Minimum Department for Correctional Services 1960 - 204 Morgan
Museum Minimum Department for Correctional Services 1881 1975 align=right 86 Gladstone
Demolished[44] Minimum Gaols and Prisons Department19321959 Kyeema
Closed Minimum Department for Communities and Social Inclusion1869 2012 Magill
Operational Minimum to medium Department for Correctional Services 1987 - 472 Murray Bridge
Boarding hostel 1866 1995 Mount Gambier
Operational Minimum to maximum 1995 - 503 Moorak
Operational Minimum to maximum Department for Correctional Services 1869 - 624 Port Augusta
Operational Minimum to medium Department for Correctional Services ? - 176 Port Lincoln
Museum 1856 1894 Burra
Ruins 1861 ? Robe
Closed 1947 1993 [72]Enfield
Demolished 1866 1929 Wallaroo
Operational Minimum to maximum; Supermax Department for Correctional Services 1854 - 578 Adelaide
Total capacity 3,111 (current)

Tasmania

Prisons in Tasmania
PrisonStatusClassificationManagedOpenedClosedCapacityLocation
Ashley Youth Detention Centre[45] Operational Juvenile males and females 1922 align=right 51 Deloraine
Closed 1821 1963 align=right [150] Hobart
Closed: Ruins Port Arthur Historic Site Management Authority 1828 1856 align=right ? South Hobart
Demolished[46] ? ? 1822 1834? ?
Closed and sold.[47] Not demolished as per latest google earth accessed 1 July 2018. Minimum (open farm) Tasmanian Prison Service 1937 2012 align=right 70 Hayes
Closed Demolished ? 1821 1828[48] ? Hobart
Operational Maximum (males and females) Tasmanian Prison Service 1999 align=right 50 Hobart
Closed Demolished[49] ? November 1834 1855 and was converted to a Gaol till 1914? Launceston
Operational Maximum (males and females) Tasmanian Prison Service circa 1839 align=right 33 Launceston
Closed Tasmanian Wilderness World Heritage Area Parks & Wildlife Service (Tasmania) 1822 1833[50] ? Sarah Island
Closed Ruins 18251850[51] ? Maria Island
Mary Hutchinson Women's Prison[52] Operational Minimum to maximum Tasmanian Prison Service
Department of Health (Wilfred Lopes Centre) 		1963 align=right 45 Risdon Vale
Port ArthurClosedRuinsPort Arthur Historic Site Management Authority1830 1877[53] Port Arthur
Risdon Prison Complex
(incorporating the Ron Barwick Minimum Security Prison
and the Wilfred Lopes Centre for Forensic Mental Health)		OperationalMedium to maximum/Supermax Tasmanian Prison Service
Department of Health (Wilfred Lopes Centre)		November 1960 and
August 2006 		280 Risdon Vale
Ross Female FactoryMuseum Partly ruins 1833[54] 1854? Ross
Saltwater River Penal colony Closed Ruins 18331848[55] ? Saltwater River
Total capacity align=right - (current)

Victoria

Adult Prisons and correctional facilities in Victoria are managed by Corrections Victoria. Two prisons are privatised and managed by G4S Australia Pty. Limited and GEO Group Australia Pty. Limited. Youth Justice custodial centres are managed by the Department of Justice and Community Safety.

Victorian Prisons are mostly located in regional Victoria. The prison system is relatively modern with the closure of the last of the "old" gaols in 2005. Bendigo and Won Wron were the last to be closed. Beechworth Prison was closed in 2004 and replaced with the Beechworth Correctional Centre the following year. New prisons are being built or planned at Ararat and Ravenhall. Many prisons have had recent expansions in terms of bed numbers.

At 30 June 2015 there were 4,769 sentenced prisoners and 1,413 unsentenced prisoners in Victoria, thus making a total of 6,182 prisoners. From those 6,182 prisoners, 5,762 were males (93%) and 420 were females (7%). Those numbers also include 480 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander prisoners, making them 8% of the total number of prisoners in Victoria.[56]

In 2015, the average male prisoner in Victoria was:

In 2015, the average female prisoner in Victoria was:

At 30 June 2015, the total operational capacity for Victorian prisons was 7,093 and had a utilisation rate of 90.5%.

Prisons in Victoria
PrisonStatusClassificationManagedOpenedClosedCapacityLocation
Operational Minimum (juveniles) Youth Justice Custodial Services circa 1966 10 Buxton
Closed Juveniles Family Welfare Division of the Social Welfare Department 1966 November 1988 ? Olinda
Closed. Mostly demolished except The main gate, warden's residence, governor's residence and the guard tower Maximum (males and females) 1862 1965 [74] Ballarat
Operational Minimum 2005 210 Beechworth
Beechworth GaolClosed Museum+mixed use development[57] 1864 2004 [132] Beechworth
Museum[58] Maximum State of Victoria 1857 1990 ? Castlemaine
Operational Minimum to maximum (female) 15 August 1996 604 Deer Park
Fulham Correctional Centre (including NALU) Operational Minimum to Medium 1997 893 Sale
HM Prison Barwon (including Barwon Supermax) Operational Maximum; supermax January 1990 478 Lara
HM Prison Bendigo (Sandhurst Gaol) Closed Adaptively reused as Ulumbarra Theatre and partly as Bendigo Senior Secondary College (hospitality school)[59] 1863 2006 [85] Bendigo
Operational Minimum 1965 328 Murchison
Museum Maximum 1853 1991 ? Geelong
Operational Minimum Officially in February 1951[60] 428Beaufort
Operational Medium 1990 468[61] Castlemaine
Reused as Adventure and accommodation centreMinimum 19511997 ? Morwell
Closed Maximum Museum and Housing Estate built on site 1851 1997 ? Coburg
Only façade survived. Land developed into police station.[62] Medium 1887 1997 ? Sale
Reused as Wulgunggo Ngalu Learning Place[63] Minimum 1964 2004 [127] Won Wron
Closed. Demolished Maximum ? 1956[64] 1996? Fairfield
Operational Minimum (female) 1988[65] ? 78 Maldon
OperationalMedium Protection 1967 762Ararat
J Ward (HM Prison Ararat) Museum Maximum 1859 1991 ? Ararat
Operational Minimum to maximum Department of Justice and Community Safety 1965 74 Malmsbury
Operational Medium 2006 559 Lara
McLeod Prison Farm[66] Reused as Bed and breakfast motel, then into a Farm19161975French Island
Operational Maximum 305 West Melbourne
Museum & Events venue Maximum State of Victoria 1845 1924 ? Melbourne
Operational Medium to maximum Department of Justice and Community Safety 1993 110 Parkville
OperationalMaximum remand 2006954 Ravenhall
Operational Medium to maximum Department of Justice and Community Safety 1998 30 Parkville
Operational Minimum to maximum 1997 1117 Truganina
OperationalMedium 2017 1300 Ravenhall
Closed Medium to maximum Department of Justice and Community Safety 1955[67] 2001 [86] Parkville
Completed, awaiting opening Maximum 2025[68] 1248 Lara
Total capacity 7093 updated to 7800(current)

Western Australia

Prisons and correctional facilities in Western Australia are managed by the Department of Justice through public and private operators.

Prisons in Western Australia
PrisonStatusClassificationManagedOpenedClosedCapacityLocation
Acacia PrisonOperationalMediumSercoMay 20011,525Wooroloo
Albany Regional PrisonOperationalMaximumDepartment of Justice16 September 1966310Albany
Bandyup Women's PrisonOperationalMixed (female)January 1970259West Swan
Banksia Hill Juvenile Detention CentreOperationalMedium to maximumSeptember 1997?Canning Vale
Boronia Pre-release Centre for WomenOperationalMinimum (female)May 200482Bentley
Broome Regional PrisonOperationalMinimum to maximum (male/female)February 1945138Broome
Bunbury Regional PrisonOperationalMaximum (remand only); Minimum to mediumFebruary 1971340
Casuarina PrisonOperationalMinimum to maximumJune 19911,800Casuarina
Eastern Goldfields Regional PrisonOperationalMinimum to maximum (male/female)2016136Boulder
Fremantle PrisonWorld Heritage SiteMaximumDepartment of Corrective Services18558 November 1991800
Greenough Regional PrisonOperationalMaximum (remand only); Minimum to mediumDepartment of JusticeOctober 1984323Narngulu
Hakea PrisonOperationalMinimum to maximumJune 1982897Canning Vale
Karnet Prison FarmOperationalMinimumMarch 1963326Serpentine
Melaleuca Remand and Reintegration FacilityOperationalMaximum2016254Canning Vale
Nyandi Women's PrisonClosedMinimumDepartment of Justice19702004Bentley
Pardelup Prison FarmOperationalMinimumDepartment of Justice192796Mount Barker
Perth GaolClosedMinimum18541888Northbridge
Rangeview Juvenile Remand CentreClosedRemand CentreDepartment of Corrective Services1994201292Murdoch
Riverbank PrisonClosed[69] Department of Justice19702001Caversham
Roebourne Regional PrisonOperationalMinimum to maximum (male/female)Department of JusticeMarch 1984161Roebourne
Round HouseClosedMuseumFremantle City Council18301886Fremantle
Wandoo Reintegration FacilityOperationalMinimumDepartment of JusticeNovember 201280Murdoch
West Kimberley Regional PrisonOperationalMinimum to medium1 November 2012150Derby
Wooroloo Prison FarmOperationalMinimum1972360Wooroloo
Total capacity?(current)

See also

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Alexander Maconochie Centre . ACT Corrective Services . 29 March 2012 . Australian Capital Territory: Justice and Community Safety Directorate . 30 April 2012 .
  2. http://www.aic.gov.au/criminal_justice_system/corrections/facilities/act.aspx Australian Capital Territory correctional facilities
  3. Web site: Temporary changes to the use of Symonston Correctional Centre. Treasury. ACT Government; PositionTitle=Director; SectionName=Corporate Management; Corporate=Chief Minister and. 2015-04-06. cmd.act.gov.au. 2016-11-01.
  4. Web site: Correctional Centres . Corrective Services NSW . Government of New South Wales . March 2012 . 6 May 2012 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20120625085511/http://www.correctiveservices.nsw.gov.au/offender-management/correctional-centres . 25 June 2012.
  5. Web site: Department of Prisons (1874-1970) Department of Corrective Services (1970-2009) - Subordinate Agencies . State Records NSW . Government of New South Wales . 2009 . 6 May 2012 .
  6. https://alburyhistory.org.au/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Albury-Gaol.pdf
  7. Web site: Heritage Futures Database. hfrc.une.edu.au. 2018-06-26.
  8. Web site: Heritage & Culture. visitbalranald.com.au. 2018-06-26.
  9. News: Horticulture program helps prison inmates develop skills. 2017-09-25. ABC News. 2018-06-26. en-AU.
  10. Web site: World Heritage List Venue Hire Sydney Cockatoo Island. cockatooisland.gov.au. en. 2018-06-26.
  11. Book: Cockatoo Island : Sydney's historic dockyard. Jeremy, John. 2005. UNSW Press. 0868408174. Sydney. 5. 60607127.
  12. News: Braidwood, NSW - Aussie Towns. Aussie Towns. 2018-06-26. en-US.
  13. News: Sex offenders unit at Cessnock gaol . ABC News . Australia . 7 March 2012 . 3 May 2012 .
  14. Web site: Key moments in Penal Culture in NSW 1970 - present . The Australian Prisons Project . The University of New South Wales . 2010 . 3 May 2012 . https://web.archive.org/web/20130409150217/http://www.app.unsw.edu.au/section-3-prisons-4 . 9 April 2013 . dead .
  15. Web site: Cooma Correctional Centre . Corrective Services NSW . 1 May 2012 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20120309022629/http://www.correctiveservices.nsw.gov.au/offender-management/correctional-centres/cooma . 9 March 2012.
  16. Web site: Museum. correctiveservices.justice.nsw.gov.au. en. 2018-06-28. 19 March 2015.
  17. Web site: Deniliquin Region. The Long Paddock: Cobb Highway Touring Route. 2013. The long paddock. 27 June 2018.
  18. Web site: New South Wales correctional facilities . Australian Government . Australian Institute of Criminology . 13 December 2011 . https://web.archive.org/web/20120324174015/http://aic.gov.au/criminal_justice_system/corrections/facilities/nsw.aspx . 24 March 2012 . dead .
  19. Web site: Getting Here Old Dubbo Gaol. olddubbogaol.com.au. en. 2018-06-27.
  20. The Argus, 20 August 1938 p. 2 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/12474439
  21. Web site: Error.
  22. Web site: Grafton Gaol . State Records Archives Investigator . Government of New South Wales . 8 May 1992 . 5 May 2012 .
  23. Web site: Hay Gaol Museum. NSW. Museums & Galleries. Museums & Galleries NSW. en. 2018-06-27.
  24. Web site: Junee Correctional Centre: Reducing Reoffending through Innovation . GEO Group Australia . 10 April 2018.
  25. Web site: Keelong Juvenile Justice Centre - Organisation - Find & Connect - New South Wales. University. Find & Connect Web Resource Project, The University of Melbourne and Australian Catholic. findandconnect.gov.au. en-gb. 2018-06-27.
  26. http://www.laurelhillforestlodge.com.au/ Laurel Hill Forest Lodge
  27. News: Narrabri Old Gaol and Museum. 2018-06-27. en-AU.
  28. Web site: Narrabri Shire Information Directory Visit Narrabri. visitnarrabri.com.au. en-US. 2018-06-27.
  29. http://www.oberonaustralia.com.au/OberonHist.pdf Thematic History of Oberon Shire
  30. Web site: Correctional Centres. correctiveservices.justice.nsw.gov.au. en. 2018-06-27. 19 March 2015.
  31. Web site: Parramatta Gaol Ghost Tours. Parramatta Gaol Ghost Tours. en. 2018-06-27.
  32. Web site: HISTORY. Parramatta Gaol Ghost Tours. en. 2018-07-06.
  33. News: Port Macquarie, NSW - Aussie Towns. Aussie Towns. 2018-06-27. en-US.
  34. News: Juvenile justice centre overcrowding fears remain . Australia . ABC News . 20 January 2009 . 22 February 2009.
  35. News: New concept remand centre soon to open . . 12 October 1984 .
  36. Web site: South Coast Correctional Centre - Corrective Services NSW Website. correctiveservices.justice.nsw.gov.au. 2015-05-03. 19 March 2015.
  37. News: Wagga's House of Correction. 2015-03-06. On Record @ CSURA. 2018-06-27. en-GB.
  38. Web site: Old Wentworth Gaol VisitWentworth. visitwentworth.com.au. en-US. 2018-06-27.
  39. News: DEMOLITION OF WINDSOR GAOL. 1936-03-09. Singleton Argus (NSW : 1880 - 1954). 2018-06-27. 2.
  40. Web site: THE WOLLONGONG GAOL. 28 June 2018.
  41. Web site: Australian Heritage Database. environment.gov.au. 2018-06-28.
  42. Web site: September 2016 . Overcrowding at Brisbane Women's Correctional Centre .
  43. Web site: Saint Helena Island Environment, land and water. Communications. c=AU; o=The State of Queensland; ou=Department of Environment and Science; ou=Corporate. environment.ehp.qld.gov.au. en-AU. 2018-06-29. 9 June 2015.
  44. Web site: Prisons SA History Hub. sahistoryhub.com.au. en. 2018-07-01.
  45. Web site: History of Ashley . 26 April 2014 . Department of Health and Human Services.
  46. Web site: George Town FF. femaleconvicts.org.au. en-gb. 2018-07-01.
  47. News: New Zealand investor buys Tasmania's Hayes Prison Farm for $2.2m. 2015-01-20. ABC News. 2018-07-01. en-AU.
  48. Web site: Female Factories. femaleconvicts.org.au. en-gb. 2018-07-01.
  49. Web site: Launceston FF. femaleconvicts.org.au. en-gb. 2018-07-01.
  50. Web site: Macquarie Harbour Penal Statio. utas.edu.au. 2018-07-01.
  51. Web site: Maria Island: History. Parks & Wildlife Service.
  52. Web site: Key moments in Penal Culture in Tasmania 1970–present: Prisons . Australian Prisons Project . University of New South Wales . 2010 . 27 April 2012 . https://web.archive.org/web/20121028085900/http://www.app.unsw.edu.au/section-3-prisons-2 . 28 October 2012 . dead .
  53. News: Port Arthur, TAS - Aussie Towns. Aussie Towns. 2018-07-01. en-US.
  54. News: Ross Female Factory Historic Site. Alomes. [Squiz] Jon. Discover Tasmania. 2018-07-01. en.
  55. News: Saltwater River, TAS - Aussie Towns. Aussie Towns. 2018-07-01. en-US.
  56. Web site: Parliamentary report prisons September 2015. September 2015. 17 December 2017. Ombudsman Victoria. Ombudsman Victoria.
  57. Web site: Home - Old Beechworth Gaol. Old Beechworth Gaol. en-US. 2018-07-01.
  58. Web site: Old Castlemaine Gaol. Old Castlemaine Gaol. en-AU. 2018-07-01.
  59. News: Old meets new as prison becomes theatre. 2015-01-19. ABC News. 2018-07-01. en-AU.
  60. Web site: Langi Kal Kal Prison. Justice. Corrections Prisons Parole, Department of. corrections.vic.gov.au. en-au. 2018-07-02.
  61. Web site: Loddon Prison Precinct. Justice. Corrections Prisons Parole, Department of. corrections.vic.gov.au. en-au. 2018-07-02.
  62. Web site: New Sale Police station opens after years of planning. 2015-03-26. ABC Gippsland Vic. en-AU. 2018-07-02.
  63. Web site: Won Wron Prison Farm : Beyond Melbourne - Melbourne, Victorian & Australian Architecture Topics. walkingmelbourne.com. en-gb. 2018-07-02.
  64. Web site: Fairlea, HM Prison - Entry - eMelbourne - The Encyclopedia of Melbourne Online. Melbourne. School of Historical Studies, Department of History, The University of. emelbourne.net.au. en-gb. 2018-07-02.
  65. Web site: Tarrengower Prison. Justice. Corrections Prisons Parole, Department of. corrections.vic.gov.au. en-au. 2018-07-02.
  66. Web site: French Island's former prison farm sells for several million dollars after three years on the market - realestate.com.au. realestate.com.au. en-US. 2018-07-06.
  67. Web site: Turana - Summary . Find & Connect. en. 2018-07-02.
  68. Web site: Rooney . Kieran . Carmody . Broede . 2024-06-26 . Port Phillip Prison to close as new Lara centre opens . subscription . 2024-06-30 . The Age . en.
  69. News: Photographic tour of Riverbank Detention Centre – where Bon Scott spent nine months.. 2016-01-13. Novel. 2018-07-03. en-US.

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