List of Australian bushfire seasons explained

This is a list of specific seasons of bushfires in Australia including some significant bushfire events from each season. Events are listed if they cause fatalities, destroy houses, or burn more than of land. Across Australia, seasonality of bushfires varies significantly; however, is generally aligned with the weather patterns in the south of the continent so that each season begins in June (the beginning of the Australian winter) and runs through the following May (the end of the Australian autumn). The worst season recorded is 1974-75, with 117abbr=offNaNabbr=off burned, equivalent to 15 percent of Australia's physical land mass that equates to the entire area of France, Spain, and Portugal combined.

1800s

• 1897-98 Australian bushfire season:

• Red Tuesday

12 fatalities, 2000 buildings were destroyed, and were burnt in Victoria (DSE 2003b).^[1]

• 1850-51 Australian bushfire season:

• Black Thursday bushfires

12 fatalities, one million sheep and thousands of cattle were killed, and the fire burnt the second largest area (approximately) in history (CFA 2003a; DSE 2003b).

1920s

• 1925-26 Australian bushfire season

1930s

• 1938-1939 Black Friday bushfires

1940s

• 1943-44 Australian bushfire season

1960s

• 1965 New South Wales bushfires. The Chatsbury-Bungonia bushfires destroyed much of the villages of Towrang, Tallong, Wingello, and Penrose, orchards, and livestock, affecting 250,000 hectares (620,000 acres). It broke out in the Southern Highlands and spread toward Nowra. Three people died.^[2]
• 1968-69 Australian bushfire season

NSW in 1968-69 over were burnt and three people were killed (Linacre & Hobbs 1977; RFS 2003a).

• 1966-67 Australian bushfire season

62 fatalities, 900 injured, 7,000 left homeless, 4,286 buildings lost

• The 1967 Tasmanian fires

110 separate fire fronts burnt through of land in southern Tasmania. The destruction included 1,293 homes, around 62,000 farm animals, over 1,700 other buildings, 80 bridges, 4,800 sections of power lines, 1,500 motor vehicles and over 100 other structures.

• 1961 Western Australian bushfires The towns of Dwellingup^[3] and Karridale were basically destroyed, along with many small settlements that were not rebuilt. The Dwellingup fire migrated to the town of Pinjarra where it burned a significant number of buildings. From January to March of that year, about was burnt throughout the south-west, with a large loss of livestock.

1970s

• 1974-75 Australian bushfire season

approximately 117e6ha burned.^{[4] [5] [6]} The area burnt, 117e6ha, is equivalent to 15 percent of Australia's physical land mass that equates to the entire area of France, Spain, and Portugal combined.^[7]

1980s

• 1984-85 Australian bushfire season: NSW in 1984-85, were burnt, four lives were lost, 40,000 livestock were killed and $40m damage to property was caused (RFS 2003a).
• 1982-1983 Australian bushfire season: The Ash Wednesday fires of 16 February 1983 caused severe damage in Victoria and South Australia. In Victoria, were burnt, 2,080 houses destroyed, more than 27,000 stock lost and 47 people lost their lives (CFA 2003a; DSE 2003b, 2003d). Property-related damage was estimated at over $200m and more than 16,000 fire fighters, 1,000 police and 500 defence personnel fought the fires in Victoria. In South Australia, were burnt, 383 houses were destroyed, 28 people were killed and property-related damage was estimated to be more than $200m (DSE 2003d).^[1]

1990s

• 1998–99 Australian bushfire season

5 fatalities

• Linton bushfire

5 firefighters killed on 2 December near in Victoria^[8]

• 1997–98 Australian bushfire season

4 fatalities and 10 houses lost

• 4 fatalities and 10 houses lost on 20 November at in New South Wales^[9]
• 1996–97 Australian bushfire season

3 fatalities and 44 houses lost

• 1 house destroyed in October near in Queensland.^[10]

• 3 fatalities and 43 houses lost on 19 January in the Dandenong Ranges and Mornington Peninsula.^[11]
• 1994–95 Australian bushfire season

23 houses lost

• 23 houses lost from September to November in southeast Queensland.^[12]
• 1993–94 Australian bushfire season

4 fatalities, 206 houses lost, burnt in NSW

• 1994 Eastern seaboard fires

4 fatalities and 206 houses lost on the east coast of New South Wales

• 1992–93 Australian bushfire season

4 houses lost

• 4 houses lost at in Queensland^[10]
• 1991–92 Australian bushfire season

3 fatalities, 17 houses lost

• 2 fatalities and 14 houses lost on 16 October in western Sydney and the Central Coast in New South Wales

• 1 fatality and 3 houses lost at in Queensland^[10]
• 1990-91 Australian bushfire season

4 fatalities, 25 houses lost

• 3 fatalities in Queensland^[10]

• 8 houses lost on 23 December across New South Wales

• 1 fatality and 17 houses lost on 27 December at

2000s

• 2009–10 Australian bushfire season

2 fatalities, at least 57 houses lost

• 5 houses lost during November near Swansea and St Helens in Tasmania

• A park ranger died in a helicopter crash on 9 December in the Dorrigo National Park in New South Wales

• 9 houses lost on 17 December at Gerogery, Tooma and Michelago in New South Wales^[13]

• 6 houses lost on 23 December at Port Lincoln in South Australia^[14]

• 37 houses lost on 29 December near Toodyay in Western Australia^[15]

• A firefighter killed in a vehicle accident on 10 January near Tatong on the way to a fire near Mansfield in Victoria.^[16]
• 2008–09 Australian bushfire season

173 fatalities, 2,060 houses lost

• 2 houses lost on 13 January at Port Lincoln in South Australia^[17]

• 31 houses lost from 30 January to 1 February at Yinnar, Boolarra and Mirboo North in Victoria^[18]

• Black Saturday bushfires

173 fatalities, 2,056 houses lost and burned on 7 February at numerous locations in Victoria

• 2007–08 Australian bushfire season

5 fatalities, 1 house lost

• 3 truck drivers killed^[19] on 30 December at Boorabbin National Park in Western Australia^[20]

• One house lost on 10 January in the Kangarilla and Echunga area of South Australia^[21]
• 2006–07 Australian bushfire season

5 fatalities, 63 houses lost

• 7 houses lost on 24 September at Picton, Thirlmere and Oakdale in New South Wales

• 1 fatality, 33 houses lost, and burnt in the Great Divide fire complex from 1 December 2006 to 7 February 2007 across alpine Victoria^[22]

• 22 houses lost on 11–14 December at Scamander and Four Mile Creek in Tasmania

• 1 house lost on 12 December at Kalamunda in Western Australia
• 2005–06 Australian bushfire season

3+ fatalities, 54 houses lost

• Jail Break Inn Fire

10 houses lost on 1 January near Junee in New South Wales^[23]

• 3 houses lost on 1 January near Gosford in New South Wales^[23]

• Mount Lubra bushfire

2 fatalities, 41 houses lost and burned from 19 January around the Grampians National Park in Victoria^[22]

• 2 fatalities and 16 houses lost from other fires during January in Victoria^[24]
• 2004–05 Australian bushfire season

9 fatalities, 3 houses lost

• Eyre Peninsula bushfire

9 fatalities and 93 houses lost on 11 January on the Eyre Peninsula in South Australia^[21]

• 2002–03 Australian bushfire season

7 fatalities and at least 549 houses lost

• 1 fatality and 10 houses lost from 16–29 October near Toowoomba in Queensland^[10]

• 10 houses lost on 9 October at Engadine in New South Wales^[25]

• 2002 Sydney

41 homes were lost on 4 December 2002 at Glenorie, a suburb north of Sydney.

• 2003 Eastern Victorian alpine bushfires

41 houses lost and burned from 8 January to 19 March in northeastern Victoria.^[22]

• 2003 Canberra bushfires

4 fatalities and 488 houses lost on 18 January in western Canberra and nearby townships.^[26]

• 2001–02 Australian bushfire season

110 houses lost

• Black Christmas bushfires

109 houses lost and burned from 24 December to 16 January at numerous locations in New South Wales.^[27]

• 1 house lost in March at Glenaroua in Victoria^[22]
• 2000–01 Australian bushfire season

11 houses lost

• 11 houses lost from 1–9 February at Tulka in South Australia.^[21]

2010s

• 2018–19 Australian bushfire season

35 houses lost, 1 fatality

• 2017–18 Australian bushfire season

94 buildings lost

• 2016–17 Australian bushfire season

46 houses lost

• 2015–16 Australian bushfire season

9 fatalities, 408 houses lost

• The most destructive bushfire season in terms of human life and property loss since the 2008–09 Australian bushfire season prior to the 2019-2020 bushfires. Insurance losses of around ^[28]

• At least 317000ha burned

• Loss of 408 houses and at least 500 non-residential buildings

• 8 deaths as a direct result of fire: 6 people died in Western Australia, 2 in South Australia. In New South Wales a volunteer firefighter died due to unrelated health complications while on duty.^[29]

• 2015 Esperance bushfires

4 fatalities; 19 buildings destroyed

• 2015 Pinery bushfire

2 fatalities; 470+ buildings destroyed

• 2016 Tasmanian bushfires

catastrophic impact on Tasmanian Wilderness World Heritage Area lands

• 2014–15 Australian bushfire season

1 fatality, 48 houses lost

• 75000ha burned over twelve days in September and threatened the town of Tom Price and the western portion of Karijini National Park in Western Australia^{[30] [31]}

• 1 farmer killed and two firefighters injured on 1 November while fighting a fire about 100km (100miles) north of Adelaide at Nantawarra, South Australia. The fire burnt out about 1800ha of grassland^[32]

• 2015 Sampson Flat bushfires, South Australia: 32 houses lost, 125 outbuildings^{[33] [34]}
• 2013–14 Australian bushfire season

3 fatalities, 335 buildings lost

• 2013 New South Wales bushfires

2 fatalities, 208 houses lost 86000ha bushland burnt including parts of the World Heritagelisted Greater Blue Mountains^{[35] [36] [37]}

• 1 fatality and 52 houses lost on 12–13 January in the Perth Hills around, and .^[38]

• 32 houses lost on 15–20 January around the northern Grampians in western Victoria^[39]

• 15 houses lost on 17–19 January in the Barossa Valley and Flinders Ranges in South Australia.^[40]

• The Snowy River bushfire in Eastern Victoria in February 2014. The bushfire which lasted for 70 days grew to and was roughly the same size as Melbourne. Also burning were fires at Hazelwood coal mine and Kilmore
• 2012–13 Australian bushfire season

4 fatalities, 314 buildings lost

• 7 houses lost on 11 November at Tulka near Port Lincoln, South Australia^[41]

• Several properties lost from 8–10 December at Myora Springs, Stradbroke Island, Queensland^[42]

• 2013 Tasmanian bushfires

1 fatality and 203 houses lost from 3–5 January in Dunally, Boomer Bay, Bicheno, Sommers Bay, and Copping^{[43] [44] [45]}

• 1 house lost on 9 January at in New South Wales^[46]

• 9 houses lost on 8 January at Snake Valley, Chepstowe and Carngham in Victoria^{[47] [48]}

• 51 houses lost from 13–17 January from a fire in the Warrumbungle National Park west of Coonabarabran, New South Wales^[49]

• 1 fatality and 22 houses lost from 17–18 January in bushfires affecting Coongulla, Glenmaggie, Heyfield, Newry and Seaton in Victoria^[50]

• 2 firefighters killed by a falling tree on 13 February fighting a fire near Harrietville^[51]

• 1 fatality and 4 houses lost during February in fires affecting Esperance,^[52] Boddington^[53] and Bridgetown^[54] in Western Australia

• 16 houses lost on 27 March at Dereel in Victoria^[55]

• 1 house lost on 9 May near Cherryville in South Australia^[56]
• 2011–12 Australian bushfire season

32 houses lost

• 32 houses lost on 23–26 November near Margaret River in Western Australia^[57]
• 2018-19 Australian Bushfire Season:
• 2010–11 Australian bushfire season

83 houses lost

• 10 houses lost on 10–12 January at Lake Clifton in Western Australia^[58]

• 2 houses lost on 1–3 February in Gippsland, Victoria^[59]

• 71 houses lost on 5–7 February near Roleystone and Kelmscott in Western Australia^[60]

2020s

• 2019–20 Australian bushfire season

• At least 2,680 homes lost^[61]

• 33 deaths (including four firefighters and three US firefighters operating a Lockheed Martin C-130 Large Air Tanker that crashed in the Snowy Monaro Region of southern NSW)^{[62] [63] [64] [65]}

• WWF-Australia estimated at least 1.25 billion wild animals killed^[66]

• At least 18.626abbr=offNaNabbr=off burned^[67]
• 2020–21 Australian bushfire season
• 2021–22 Australian bushfire season
• 2022–23 Australian bushfire season
• 2023–24 Australian bushfire season

See also

• Bushfires in Australia
• List of major bushfires in Australia
• List of natural disasters in Australia

External links

• Australian Emergency Management Knowledge Hub
• NSW Rural Fire Service: Brief History of Bush Fires in NSW
• Victorian Country Fire Authority: Major Fires
• South Australia Country Fire Service: Bushfire History

Notes and References

1. Web site: 1301.0 - Year Book Australia, 2004 - Bushfires . 27 February 2004 . .
2. Web site: GORDON. CHRIS. 2015-03-04. Remembering the 1965 Chatsbury-Bungonia Fire Photos, Audio. 2021-05-14. Goulburn Post. en-AU.
3. Web site: The Dwellingup Fire – Bushfire Front . Bushfire Front . 5 January 2020.
4. Web site: BUSHFIRES – AN INTEGRAL PART OF AUSTRALIA'S ENVIRONMENT. 1301.0 – Year Book Australia, 1995. Australian Bureau of Statistics. 1 January 1995. Cheney, N. P.. 14 January 2020. In 1974-75, lush growth of grasses and forbs following exceptionally heavy rainfall in the previous two years provided continuous fuels through much of central Australia and in this season fires burnt over 117 million hectares or 15 per cent of the total land area of this continent..
5. Web site: How the 2019 Australian bushfire season compares to other fire disasters. news.com.au. 8 January 2020. Chang, Charis. 14 January 2020. The 1974/75 fires had almost no impact and much of the damage was found by satellite after the fact..
6. Web site: New South Wales, December 1974 Bushfire - New South Wales. Australian Institute for Disaster Resilience. Government of Australia. 13 January 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200113201506/https://knowledge.aidr.org.au/resources/bushfire-new-south-wales-1974/. 13 January 2020. During the summer between 1974 and 1975, Australia experienced its worst bushfire season in 30 years. Approximately 15 per cent of Australia's physical land mass sustained extensive fire damage. This equates to roughly around 117 million ha..
7. Web site: National Inquiry on Bushfire Mitigation and Management, Council of Australian Governments. Commonwealth of Australia. 31 March 2004. Ellis, Stuart. Kanowski, Peter. Whelan, R. J.. 14 January 2020. University of Wollongong.
8. Web site: BUSHFIRE - LINTON (NEAR BALLARAT). Australian Emergency Management Institute. 13 January 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20140113064405/http://www.emknowledge.gov.au/resource/?id=210. 13 January 2014. dead.
9. Web site: BUSHFIRE - SYDNEY, HUNTER, PILLIGA. Australian Emergency Management Institute. 13 January 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20140113064643/http://www.emknowledge.gov.au/resource/?id=476. 13 January 2014. dead.
10. Web site: Understanding bushfire: trends in deliberate vegetation fires in Australia: Queensland. Australian Institute of Criminology. 13 January 2014. 11. https://web.archive.org/web/20140212131012/http://www.aic.gov.au/documents/4/8/4/%7b4848DAE8-BB71-420E-9D5A-12B851BFB53E%7dtbp027_04_qld.pdf. 12 February 2014. dead.
11. Web site: BUSHFIRE - DANDENONG RANGES AND MORNINGTON PENINSULA. Australian Emergency Management Institute. 13 January 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20140113070012/http://www.emknowledge.gov.au/resource/?id=36. 13 January 2014. dead.
12. Web site: BUSHFIRE - EAST COAST QUEENSLAND. Australian Emergency Management Institute. 13 January 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20140113080840/http://www.emknowledge.gov.au/resource/?id=224. 13 January 2014. dead.
13. News: Robinson . Natasha . Rain and milder temperatures bring relief to firefighters, but danger not over yet . . 18 December 2009 . 18 December 2009.
14. News: Noonan . Amy . Houses lost at Port Lincoln as fire threatens town . Adelaide Now . 23 December 2009 . 23 December 2009 . https://web.archive.org/web/20091225142422/http://www.news.com.au/adelaidenow/story/0%2C22606%2C26519212-5006301%2C00.html . 25 December 2009 . live .
15. News: WA fire declared a natural disaster. ABC Online. 30 December 2009. 30 December 2009. https://web.archive.org/web/20100102072636/http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2009/12/30/2782839.htm. 2 January 2010 . live.
16. News: CFA volunteer killed in truck roll . ABC News. Australia. 10 January 2010 . 27 August 2010 .
17. Web site: Williams Matt. Robertson, Doug. Schriever, Jordanna. Devastating Port Lincoln blaze under control . News.com.au. 14 January 2009 . 1 February 2009 . https://web.archive.org/web/20090213185209/http://www.news.com.au/adelaidenow/story/0%2C22606%2C24906863-2682%2C00.html . 13 February 2009 . dead .
18. News: Search on for suspected arsonist in Vic bushfires. ABC News. Australia. 1 February 2009 . 11 February 2009. https://web.archive.org/web/20090204135221/http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2009/02/01/2479414.htm. 4 February 2009 . live.
19. Goldfields Fire 13 (Boorabbin fire)Post Incident Analysis. Dept of Environment and Conservation August 2009
20. Web site: BUSHFIRE - BOORABBIN NATIONAL PARK. Australian Emergency Management Institute. 13 January 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20140113063801/http://www.emknowledge.gov.au/resource/?id=498. 13 January 2014. dead.
21. Web site: Bushfire History. South Australian Country Fire Service. 29 October 2013. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20131029232359/http://www.cfs.sa.gov.au/site/bushfire_history.jsp. 29 October 2013.
22. Web site: Major fires in Victoria. Country Fire Authority. 29 October 2013.
23. Knox. Joe. Talbert. Rebel. Grassfire spreads 38km in New Year heat Junee Section 44 - "Jail Break Inn". BUSH FIREjournal. 2006. 28. 1. 30 August 2010. 5. New South Wales Rural Fire Service. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20110303024700/http://www.rfs.nsw.gov.au/file_system/attachments/State08/Attachment_20060530_1EB02232.pdf. 3 March 2011.
24. Web site: BUSHFIRE - VICTORIA. Australian Emergency Management Institute. 13 January 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20140113063908/http://www.emknowledge.gov.au/resource/?id=442. 13 January 2014. dead.
25. Web site: BUSHFIRE - SYDNEY. Australian Emergency Management Institute. 13 January 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20140113063754/http://www.emknowledge.gov.au/resource/?id=516. 13 January 2014. dead.
26. Web site: BUSHFIRE - CANBERRA. Australian Emergency Management Institute. 13 January 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20140113063803/http://www.emknowledge.gov.au/resource/?id=627. 13 January 2014. dead.
27. Web site: Brief History of Bush Fires in NSW. NSW Rural Fire Service. 9 November 2013.
28. News: Catastrophic summer events cost insurers more than $550m . 16 February 2017. ABC News. Australia. 25 March 2016.
29. News: Volunteer firefighter dies of suspected heart attack . 16 February 2017. ABC News. Australia. 26 November 2015.
30. Web site: Pilbara bushfire threatens homes and lives. 24 September 2014. 1 November 2014. WA Today.
31. Web site: All-clear ends Pilbara bushfire alert. 28 September 2014. 1 November 2014. WA Today.
32. News: Farmer dies battling bushfire north of Adelaide. 1 November 2014. 1 November 2014. ABC News. Australia.
33. Web site: Emergency warnings downgraded for Victoria fires as South Australia gets rain after 32 homes gone. Adelaide Now. 7 January 2015.
34. News: Adelaide Hills bushfire: Up to 38 houses destroyed, Kersbrook worst hit. 6 January 2015. 7 January 2015. ABC News. Australia.
35. Update – Damage assessment and fire investigation. 19 October 2013. 27 October 2013. New South Wales Rural Fire Service. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20131031193606/http://www.rfs.nsw.gov.au/file_system/attachments/State08/Attachment_20131019_1D0FD239.pdf. 31 October 2013.
36. News: Lake Munmorah bushfire victim Walter Linder died defending home. ABC News. Australia. 18 October 2013. 21 October 2013.
37. News: Browne. Rachel. Aircraft fighting NSW bushfire crashes, pilot killed. 24 October 2013. The Sydney Morning Herald.
38. Web site: Residents begin to return home after 52 properties lost to Perth Hills fire. PerthNow. 16 January 2014. 19 January 2014. News Limited.
39. News: Grampians blaze claims more homes than previously thought. ABC News. 22 January 2014. 22 January 2014.
40. Web site: Huge bushfires in South Australia destroy at least 15 properties during extreme weather. 19 January 2014. 19 January 2014. The Advertiser. News Limited.
41. News: South Australia fire destroys seven homes . 12 November 2012 . 27 December 2012 . . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20121214133449/http://news.ninemsn.com.au/national/2012/11/12/07/01/sa-bushfire-destroys-seven-houses . 14 December 2012 .
42. News: Fire destroys properties on Stradbroke Island. 10 December 2012. 10 December 2012. ABC News. Australia.
43. Web site: BUSHFIRE - DUNALLEY - JAN 2013. Australian Emergency Management Institute. 13 January 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20140113063757/http://www.emknowledge.gov.au/resource/?id=3413. 13 January 2014. dead.
44. News: Sands. Mark. New Tasmanian fire destroys 30 homes. 18 January 2013. Post Online. 18 January 2013.
45. News: Firefighter dies in Tasmania while fire threatens world-leading observatory in NSW. 14 January 2013. news.com.au. 14 January 2013.
46. Web site: BUSHFIRE - COONABARABRAN AND NEW SOUTH WALES. Australian Emergency Management Institute. 13 January 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20140113063229/http://www.emknowledge.gov.au/resource/?id=3437. 13 January 2014. dead.
47. News: Residents angry over Victorian fire info . 9 January 2013. . Melbourne . AAP. 9 January 2013.
48. News: Nino Bucci . Bridie Smith . Adrian Lowe . Blaze near Ballarat destroys homes. 9 January 2013. The Age. 9 January 2013.
49. News: Van de Wetering. Jodie. PM Julia Gillard visits Coonabarabran. 17 January 2013. 702 ABC Sydney. 17 January 2013. etal.
50. News: 75yo charged over Aberfeldy bushfire. ABC News. 30 January 2013. 31 January 2013.
51. News: Two firefighters killed battling Victorian blaze. 13 February 2013. ABC News. Australia. 13 February 2013.
52. News: Esperance fire destroys home and machinery . 4 February 2013. Herald Sun. News Limited. 4 February 2013.
53. News: Boddington bushfire still out of control. https://archive.today/20130412053354/http://au.news.yahoo.com/full-coverage/2013-bushfires/a/-/article/16063491/boddington-bushfire-still-out-of-control/. dead. 12 April 2013. 5 February 2013. 7 News. Yahoo7. 5 February 2013.
54. News: Homes lost in 'deadly' SW fire. 14 February 2013. The West Australian. Yahoo7. 14 February 2013. https://web.archive.org/web/20131029215931/http://au.news.yahoo.com/thewest/regional/southwest/a/-/news/16134911/two-homes-lost-in-deadly-sw-fire/. 29 October 2013. dead.
55. News: 16 homes confirmed lost in Dereel fire. 28 March 2013. ABC News. 28 March 2013.
56. Web site: Cherryville bushfire contained. Williamson, Brett. ABC News. Australia. 11 May 2013. 13 May 2013 .
57. Web site: BUSHFIRE - AUGUSTA, MARGARET RIVER. Australian Emergency Management Institute. 13 January 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20140113063911/http://www.emknowledge.gov.au/resource/?id=587. 13 January 2014. dead.
58. News: Quatermaine. Lisa. Lake Clifton fires: homes lost, lives threatened. 7 February 2011. PerthNow. 12 January 2011.
59. Web site: Weather offers reprieve in Gippsland blaze. ABC News. Australia. 3 February 2011. 2 February 2011.
60. Web site: BUSHFIRE - PERTH HILL BUSHFIRES. Australian Emergency Management Institute. 13 January 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20140113063913/http://www.emknowledge.gov.au/resource/?id=502. 13 January 2014. dead.
61. Web site: Australia's 2019-20 bushfire season. Tiernan, Finbar . O'Mallon, Eamonn. 10 January 2020. The Canberra Times. en. 13 January 2020.
62. News: Green, Matthew . Australia's massive fires could become routine, climate scientists warn . Reuters . 14 January 2020 . 14 January 2020.
63. News: Victorian bushfires death toll rises as authorities confirm contractor's death was fire-related. ABC News. Australia. 15 January 2020. 15 January 2020.
64. Web site: The numbers behind Australia's catastrophic bushfire season. 5 January 2020. 8 January 2020. SBS News.
65. Web site: Three dead as air tanker fighting bushfires crashes near Snowy Mountains. Bungard. Matt. 2020-01-23. The Sydney Morning Herald. en. 2020-01-23.
66. Web site: Staff . Australian Bushfires . wwf.org.au . WWF-Australia . 18 November 2023.
67. News: Government set to revise total number of hectares destroyed during bushfire season to 17 million. 9NEWS. Australia. Noble, Freya. 14 January 2020. 15 January 2020.