List of Asian-American firsts explained

Asian-Americans are Americans of Asian descent. The phrase Asian-American was coined by Yuji Ichioka and Emma Gee in 1968 during the founding of the Asian American Political Alliance,^{[1] [2]} and started to be used by the U.S. census in 1980.^[3]

Firsts by Asian-Americans in various fields have historically marked footholds, often leading to more widespread cultural change. The shorthand phrase for them is "breaking the color barrier".^[4] One commonly cited example is that of Wataru Misaka, who became the first person of color,^[5] and the first Asian-American, to be a National Basketball Association player (in 1947.)^{[6] [7]}

Arts and entertainment

Academy Awards

• 1955: James Wong Howe becomes the first Asian-American to win an Academy Award, the Academy Award for Best Cinematography for The Rose Tattoo.^[8]
• 1957: Miyoshi Umeki becomes the first Asian-American to win the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress, for Sayonara.
• 1984: Haing Somnang Ngor becomes the first Asian-American to win the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor, for The Killing Fields.^[9]
• 1990: Steven Okazaki becomes the first Asian-American to win the Academy Award for Best Documentary (Short Subject), for Days of Waiting: The Life & Art Of Estelle Ishigo.
• 1997: Chris Tashima becomes the first Asian-American to win the Academy Award for Best Live Action Short Film, for Visas and Virtue.
• 2019: Kazu Hiro becomes the first Asian-American to win the Academy Award for Best Makeup and Hairstyling, for Bombshell. This was his first win following his naturalization.
• 2021: Steven Yeun becomes the first Asian-American to be nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actor for Minari.^[10]
• 2022: Janet Yang is elected as the first Asian-American President of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences.^[11]

Fashion

• 2012: Alexander Wang becomes the first Asian-American creative director and head of a French haute couture house (Balenciaga).^{[12] [13]}

Film (aside from the Academy Awards)

• 1919-1961: Anna May Wong is considered to be the first major Asian-American film star in the world.^[14]
• 2005: Dayyan Eng becomes the first Asian-American director to have a film nominated for Best Picture at the Chinese academy awards^[15] (for Waiting Alone).
• 2018: John Cho becomes the first Asian-American actor to headline a mainstream Hollywood thriller, Searching.^{[16] [17]}
• 2020: Awkwafina becomes the first Asian-American to win the Golden Globe Award for best actress in the musical or comedy category, for The Farewell.^[18]

Literature (aside from the Pulitzer and Nobel Prizes)

See also: List of Asian American writers.

• 1928: Dhan Gopal Mukerji becomes the first Asian-American to win a Newbery Medal, for Gay Neck, the Story of a Pigeon.

Music

• 2010: Far East Movement becomes the first Asian-American music group to earn a No. 1 on the Billboard Hot 100, for Like a G6.^[19]

Pulitzer Prizes

• 1937: Gobind Behari Lal becomes the first Asian-American to win a Pulitzer Prize in Reporting.^[20]
• 1990: Sheryl WuDunn becomes the first Asian-American woman to win a Pulitzer Prize in Reporting.^{[21] [22] [23]}

Television

• 1951: Anna May Wong becomes the first Asian-American to lead a U.S. television show, with her work on The Gallery of Madame Liu-Tsong.^[24]
• 2018: Aziz Ansari becomes the first Asian-American to win a Golden Globe for acting in television; specifically, he won the Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Television Series Musical or Comedy for Master of None.^{[25] [26] [27]}
• 2019: Bowen Yang becomes the first cast member on Saturday Night Live of full Asian descent.^{[28] [29]}

Theater

• 1972: Frank Chin becomes the first Asian-American to have a play produced on a major New York stage (the play is The Chickencoop Chinaman.)^[30]

Other

• 2000: Angela Perez Baraquio Grey becomes the first Asian-American to win the Miss America (2001) pageant.^[31]
• 2024: Bailey Anne Kennedy becomes the first Asian-American to win the Miss Maryland USA (2024) pageant

Business and commerce

• 1986: Gerald Tsai becomes the first Asian-American CEO of a Fortune 500 company (The American Can Company; #140 on the 1986 list).^[32]
• 2013: Kevin Tsujihara becomes the first Asian-American CEO of a major Hollywood studio (Warner Bros Entertainment).^[33]
• 2022: Rose Lee, current CEO of Cornerstone Building Brands, was elected by Honeywell International to be the newest member of their board of directors, becoming the first Korean American woman to sit on the board of a Fortune 100 company.

Dentistry

• 2002: Dr. Eugene Sekiguchi is elected as the first Asian-American president of the American Dental Association.^{[34] [35]}

Diplomacy

• 1989: Julia Chang Bloch becomes the first Asian-American U.S. ambassador, as US Ambassador to Nepal.

Education

• 1974: Fujio Matsuda becomes the first Asian-American president of a major American university, as president of the University of Hawaiʻi.
• 1990: Chang-Lin Tien becomes the first Asian-American to lead a major American research university, as Chancellor of UC Berkeley.^[36]
• 2009: Jim Yong Kim becomes the first Asian-American president of an Ivy League institution, as president of Dartmouth College.^{[37] [38]}

Journalism

• 1937: Ella Kam Oon Chun becomes the first Asian-American woman reporter on The Honolulu Advertiser.^[39]
• 1943: Ah Jook Ku becomes the first Asian-American reporter for the Associated Press.^[40]
• 1970: Al Young becomes the first Asian American U.S. mainland sportswriter at a metro daily newspaper The Bridgeport (CT) Post-Telegram.^[41]
• 1993: Connie Chung becomes the first Asian-American to anchor one of America's major network newscasts (CBS Evening News).^[42]

Judiciary and politics

See also: Asian Americans in government and politics and List of Asian American jurists.

• 1927: Kinjiro Matsudaira becomes the first Asian-American mayor of a city (Edmonston, MD) in the United States.
• 1946: Wing F. Ong becomes the first Asian-American to be elected to a state legislative body in the United States, in the Arizona House of Representatives.^{[43] [44] [45] [46]}
• 1957: Dalip Singh Saund becomes the first Asian-American elected to the United States Congress, as a Representative for California's 29th district.
• 1962 Patsy Mink becomes the first Asian-American woman elected to a state legislative body in the United States, in the Hawaii State Senate^[47]
• 1964: Hiram Fong becomes the first Asian-American U.S. Senator.^{[48] [49]}
• 1964: Hiram Fong becomes the first Asian-American candidate for U.S. president.
• 1965: Patsy Mink becomes the first Asian American woman elected to the U.S. Congress.
• 1971: Norman Mineta becomes the first Asian-American mayor of a major city (San Jose, CA) in the United States.^[50]
• 1971: Herbert Choy becomes the first Asian-American U.S. federal court judge, appointed to the U.S. court of appeals for the ninth circuit.^[51]
• 1972: Patsy Mink becomes the first Asian-American Democratic candidate for U.S. president.^[52]
• 1974: George Ariyoshi becomes the first Asian-American governor of a U.S. state.^[53]
• 1984: Joy Cherian becomes the first Asian-American Commissioner of the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission.
• 1996: Gary Locke is elected Governor of Washington, becoming first Asian American to be elected Governor of a mainland U.S. state.^[54]
• 1998: Susan Oki Mollway became the first East Asian woman ever appointed to a life-time position on the federal bench.^{[55] [56]}
• 2000: Norman Mineta becomes the first Asian American cabinet secretary being appointed as United States Secretary of Commerce.^[57]
• 2002: Kenneth P. Moritsugu becomes the first Asian-American Surgeon General.
• 2010: Daniel Inouye becomes the first Asian-American President pro tempore of the United States Senate, making him the highest-ranking Asian-American politician in American history.
• 2015: Yumi Hogan becomes the first Asian-American First Lady of a U.S. State.^[58]
• 2020: Kamala Harris becomes the first Asian-American (and first African-American) major party candidate for vice president.^{[59] [60] [61]}
• 2021: Kamala Harris becomes the first Asian-American (and first African-American) Vice President of the United States.^{[62] [63] [64]}
• 2021: Kamala Harris becomes the first Asian-American President of the United States Senate.
• 2021: Kamala Harris becomes the first Asian-American Acting President of the United States.

Military

• 1944: Kurt Lee becomes the first Asian-American officer in the Marine Corps.^[65]
• 1959: Gordon Chung-Hoon becomes the first Asian-American flag officer in the United States Navy.^{[66] [67]}
• 1999: Eric Shinseki becomes the first Asian American four-star general and Chief of Staff of the United States Army.^[68]
• 2009: Eric Shinseki becomes the first Asian American United States Secretary of Veterans Affairs.^[68]
• 2015: Harry Harris Jr. becomes the first Asian-American to command the U.S. Pacific Command (USPACOM).^{[69] [70]}
• 2020: JoAnne S. Bass becomes the first Asian-American to hold the senior enlisted position in the U.S. Air Force,^[71] as the 19th Chief Master Sergeant of the U.S. Air Force.^{[72] [73]}

Religion

• 1999: Angela Warnick Buchdahl^[74] becomes the first Asian-American to be ordained as a cantor upon being ordained by HUC-JIR, an American seminary for Reform Judaism.^[75]
• 2001: Angela Warnick Buchdahl^[74] becomes the first Asian-American to be ordained as a rabbi upon being ordained by HUC-JIR, an American seminary for Reform Judaism.^[75]
• 2002: Ignatius Wang becomes the first Asian-American bishop of the Roman Catholic Church.^[76]

Science and technology

See main article: Asian Americans in science and technology.

Aerospace and aviation

See also: List of Asian astronauts.

• 1985: Ellison Onizuka becomes the first Asian-American in space, as an astronaut on the space shuttle Discovery.^{[77] [78]}

Mathematics

• 1982: Shing-Tung Yau becomes the first Asian-American to be awarded the Fields Medal.^[79]

Physics

• 1975: Chien-Shiung Wu becomes the first woman (not just Asian American) president of the American Physical Society.^[80]
• 1978: Chien-Shiung Wu becomes the first person (not just Asian American) to win the Wolf Prize in Physics.^[80]

Nobel Prizes

• 1957: Chen-Ning Yang and Tsung-dao Lee won the Nobel Prize in Physics. They would later become US citizens in 1964 and 1962 respectively.^[81]
• 1976: Samuel C. C. Ting becomes the first U.S. born Asian American to win the Nobel Prize in Physics.

Sports

See main article: Asian Americans in sports.

See also: List of managers of Asian heritage in sports leagues in the United States and Canada.

Baseball

• 1956: Bobby Balcena becomes the first Asian-American to play in Major League Baseball (MLB), playing two games for the Cincinnati Redlegs.^[82]
• 2008: Don Wakamatsu hired as the first Asian-American MLB manager.^[83]
• 2020: Dave Roberts becomes the first Asian-American baseball manager to win the World Series.^[84]
• 2020: Kim Ng is hired by the Miami Marlins as the first Asian-American to serve as general manager of an MLB team.^[85]
• 2023: Corbin Carroll becomes the first Asian-American to win a Major League Baseball Rookie of the Year Award.^[86]

Basketball

• 1947: Wataru Misaka breaks the color barrier of the National Basketball Association (NBA), becoming the first Asian-American to play in the league.^[87]
• 2008: Erik Spoelstra becomes the first Asian-American head coach of the NBA (for the Miami Heat). He is the first Asian-American head coach in any of the four major North American sports leagues.^{[88] [89]}
• 2010: Rich Cho becomes the first Asian-American general manager of an NBA team, the Portland Trail Blazers.^[90]
• 2019: Jeremy Lin becomes the first Asian-American NBA Champion.^[91]
• 2020: Mike Magpayo is hired as men's head coach at UC Riverside, becoming the first Asian American to hold this position in NCAA Division I men's basketball.^[92]

Figure skating

• 1985: Tiffany Chin becomes the first Asian-American U.S. Figure Skating national champion.^[93]

Football (Gridiron football)

• 1927: Walter Achiu becomes the first Asian American to play in the National Football League (NFL) when he plays for the now defunct Dayton Triangles.^[94]
• 1962: Roman Gabriel becomes the first Asian-American NFL quarterback.^[95]
• 2020: Younghoe Koo becomes the first Asian-American to lead the NFL in scoring in a season. He also led the league in field goals made.^[96]
• 2020: Koo becomes the first Asian-American named to the NFL Pro Bowl.^[97]

Golf

• 1994: Tiger Woods becomes the first Asian-American to win the United States Amateur Championship. (Woods' mixed ancestry – ¼ Chinese, ¼ Thai, ¼ African-American, ⅛ white, and ⅛ Native American – also made him the first African-American to achieve this feat. He was also the first of only five golfers of primarily non-European descent to win a men's major, with the others being Vijay Singh (an Indian Fijian), Michael Campbell (a Māori from New Zealand), Y.E. Yang (South Korean), and Collin Morikawa (Japanese American).)

Hockey

• 1947: Larry Kwong is the first Asian descent and non-white player in the National Hockey League (NHL) and played for the New York Rangers.

Olympics

• 1948: Victoria Manalo Draves wins gold in platform and springboard diving in the 1948 Olympics, becoming the first Asian-American to win a gold medal in the Summer Olympics.^[98]

Tennis

• 1989: Michael Chang becomes the first Asian-American winner of a Grand Slam tennis tournament in men's singles, winning the French Open. To this day, he remains the only male player of Asian descent, regardless of nationality, to win a men's singles Grand Slam event.

See also

• List of Asian Americans
• List of Asian American jurists
• List of Asian-American writers
• List of African American firsts
• List of Native American firsts

Notes and References

1. Web site: U.S. History in Context – Document. ic.galegroup.com. 2016-11-30.
2. Daryl (2012). Rethinking the Asian American Movement. New York: Routledge. pp. 9–13, 18, 26, 29, 32–35, 42–48, 80, 108, 116–117, 139.
3. Web site: After 50 years of 'Asian American,' advocates say the term is 'more essential than ever'. NBC News. May 31, 2018 . en. 2020-02-16. January 23, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200123213728/https://www.nbcnews.com/news/asian-america/after-50-years-asian-american-advocates-say-term-more-essential-n875601. live.
4. News: He broke pro basketball's color barrier. Now Jeremy Lin joins him in the history books.. Brockell. Gillian. Washington Post. February 18, 2020. June 16, 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190616021909/https://www.washingtonpost.com/history/2019/06/15/he-broke-pro-basketballs-color-barrier-now-jeremy-lin-joins-him-history-books/. live.
5. Web site: Wataru Misaka, who broke pro basketball's color barrier, dies at 95. sports.yahoo.com. November 22, 2019 . en-US. 2020-02-14. January 8, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200108094228/https://sports.yahoo.com/wataru-misaka-who-broke-pro-basketballs-color-barrier-dies-at-95-015352854.html. live.
6. News: Goldstein. Richard. Wat Misaka, 95, First Nonwhite in Modern Pro Basketball, Dies. 2019-11-21. The New York Times. 2020-02-14. en-US. 0362-4331. November 22, 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20191122003007/https://www.nytimes.com/2019/11/21/sports/basketball/wat-misaka-dead.html. live.
7. Web site: Wat Misaka, first person of color to play in the NBA, dead at age 95. NBC News. November 22, 2019 . en. 2020-02-14. February 12, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200212071928/https://www.nbcnews.com/news/asian-america/wat-misaka-first-person-color-play-nba-dead-age-95-n1089366. live.
8. Book: Zhao. Xiaojian. Asian Americans: An Encyclopedia of Social, Cultural, Economic, and Political History [3 volumes]

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26. Web site: Why Aziz Ansari becoming the first Asian-American to win a Golden Globe is so important. January 8, 2018. March 8, 2020. December 2, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20201202124243/https://metro.co.uk/2018/01/08/aziz-ansari-becoming-first-asian-american-win-golden-globe-important-7212659/. live.
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50. Web site: 5 Asian American political trailblazers who changed the United States. NBC News. May 6, 2019 . en. 2020-02-14. January 23, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200123213655/https://www.nbcnews.com/news/asian-america/5-asian-american-political-trailblazers-who-changed-united-states-n994606. live.
51. Web site: Herbert Choy, 88; First Asian American to Serve as a Federal Judge. 2004-03-14. Los Angeles Times. en-US. 2020-02-16. February 16, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200216144101/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2004-mar-14-me-passings14.5-story.html. live.
52. Web site: Patsy Takemoto Mink (1927–2002) . https://archive.today/20071220074252/http://www.democrats.org/a/2007/05/patsy_takemoto.php . 2007-12-20 . dead . 2007-12-20.
53. Web site: 2019-3086 SCR50 HD1 SMA. www.capitol.hawaii.gov. 2020-02-14. November 29, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20201129024302/https://www.capitol.hawaii.gov/session2019/bills/SCR50_HD1_PROPOSED_.HTM. live.
54. News: Office of the President. Bellevue College. May 3, 2022.
55. Web site: Susan Oki Mollway, First Asian American Woman on Federal Bench: 'Believe in Yourself' United States Courts . 2023-06-15 . www.uscourts.gov . en.
56. Web site: The first fifteen : how Asian American women became federal judges . 2023-06-15 . catalog.libraries.wm.edu . en.
57. News: Norman Mineta, transportation secretary in 9/11 era, dies. Brian. Witte. Terence. Chea. Associated Press. May 3, 2022. May 3, 2022.
58. News: Scharper. Julie. Thousands celebrate Hogan inauguration at gala. January 21, 2015. The Baltimore Sun. April 27, 2019. April 26, 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190426205751/https://www.baltimoresun.com/news/maryland/sun-investigates/bs-md-inauguration-gala-20150121-story.html. live.
59. Web site: Kamala Harris is Joe Biden's Running Mate . CNN.com . 2020-08-11 . 2020-08-11 . August 19, 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200819165928/https://www.cnn.com/politics/live-news/2020-election-biden-vp-pick/index.html . live .
60. News: August 11, 2020. Joe Biden selects California Sen. Kamala Harris as running mate. Associated Press. selecting the first African American woman and South Asian American to compete on a major party's presidential ticket. August 12, 2020. October 16, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20201016202643/https://www.tampabay.com/news/nation-world/2020/08/11/biden-selects-california-sen-kamala-harris-as-running-mate/. live.
61. News: August 12, 2020. Kamala Harris' selection as VP resonates with Black women. Associated Press. making her the first Black woman on a major party's presidential ticket ... It also marks the first time a person of Asian descent is on the presidential ticket.. August 12, 2020. August 12, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200812075528/https://apnews.com/46ef207f32a089b2b54ed35d57c9413f. live.
62. Web site: Harris bursts through another barrier, becoming the first female, first Black and first South Asian vice president-elect. Brandon. Tensley. Wright. Jasmine. CNN. November 7, 2020. November 8, 2020. November 7, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20201107194833/https://edition.cnn.com/2020/11/07/politics/kamala-harris-first-vice-president-female-black-south-asian/index.html. live.
63. Web site: Horowitz. Juliana Menasce. Budiman. Abby. 2020-08-18. Key findings about multiracial identity in the U.S. as Harris becomes vice presidential nominee. 2020-11-08. Pew Research Center. en-US. November 7, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20201107221446/https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2020/08/18/key-findings-about-multiracial-identity-in-the-u-s-as-harris-becomes-vice-presidential-nominee/. live.
64. Web site: 2020-11-07. Kamala Harris Makes History As First Female, Black, Asian American Vice President. 2020-11-13. Forbes. November 13, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20201113063528/https://www.forbes.com/sites/jemimamcevoy/2020/11/07/kamala-harris-makes-history-as-first-female-black-asian-american-vice-president/. live.
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66. News: Best Wishes. 13 January 1961. Newspapers.com. 2018-11-11. 14. en. October 17, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20211017145436/https://www.newspapers.com/image/258156668/?terms=%22chung+hoon%22+and+%22rear+admiral%22. live.
67. Book: Register of Retired Commissioned and Warrant Officers, Regular and Reserve, of the United States Navy and Marine Corps. 1964. U.S. Government Printing Office. 65. en. March 8, 2020. October 17, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20211017145435/https://books.google.com/books?id=oxAXAQAAIAAJ&q=%22chung-hoon%22+and+%22radm%22. live.
68. Web site: Overseas Contingency Operations Profiles . Asia Pacific Americans in the United States Army . United States Army . August 19, 2014.
69. News: The New Head of the U.S. Pacific Command Talks to TIME. Time. en. 2020-02-15. March 2, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200302215850/https://time.com/3895434/admiral-harry-harris-us-pacific-command-china-japan-asia/. live.
70. Web site: Ambassador Harry Harris. U.S. Embassy & Consulate in South Korea. en-US. 2020-02-15. February 14, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200214061542/https://kr.usembassy.gov/our-relationship/our-ambassador/. live.
71. Web site: CMSgt JoAnne Bass to become first woman to serve as chief master sergeant of the Air Force. Air Force Times. Losey. Stephen. 19 June 2020. 20 June 2020. October 17, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20211017145435/https://www.airforcetimes.com/news/your-air-force/2020/06/19/cmsgt-joanne-bass-to-become-first-woman-to-serve-as-chief-master-sergeant-of-the-air-force/. live.
72. Web site: Air Force names first woman as top noncommissioned officer of any US military branch. Foxnews. Casiano. Louis. 19 June 2020. 20 June 2020. July 15, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200715110932/https://www.foxnews.com/us/air-force-first-female-top-non-commissioned-officer. live.
73. Web site: Air Force chooses JoAnne Bass as first woman to serve as top enlisted leader: 'The history of the moment isn't lost on me'. Jessica. Flores. USA TODAY. June 24, 2020. June 24, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200624032806/https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2020/06/21/air-force-joanne-bass-top-enlisted-leader/3233367001/. live.
74. Web site: Cantor Angela Warnick Buchdahl - the face of the modern Jew . Jewishtimesasia.org . 2010-11-19 . February 16, 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200216214144/http://www.jewishtimesasia.org/one-to-one-topmenu-45/angela-warnick-buchdahl . live .
75. Web site: Angela Warnick Buchdahl invested as first Asian-American cantor . Jwa.org . 1999-05-16 . 2010-11-19 . January 1, 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200101193729/https://jwa.org/thisweek/may/16/1999/angela-warnick-buchdahl . live .
76. Web site: Asian bishop is a first for S.F. and nation / Asian American bishop is first for S.F., nation. Rubenstein. Steve. 2002-12-14. SFGate. 2020-02-14. March 13, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200313234127/https://www.sfgate.com/news/article/Asian-bishop-is-a-first-for-S-F-and-nation-2746092.php. live.
77. Web site: Ellison Onizuka, first Asian-American astronaut, brought Hawaii to space. NBC News. January 25, 2016 . en. 2020-02-14. January 23, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200123213705/https://www.nbcnews.com/news/asian-america/ellison-onizuka-first-asian-american-astronaut-brought-hawaiian-spirit-space-n502101. live.
78. Web site: Ellison Onizuka: First Asian American in Space. Smith. Yvette. 2019-05-08. NASA. 2020-02-14. December 30, 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20191230190654/https://www.nasa.gov/image-feature/ellison-onizuka-first-asian-american-in-space/. live.
79. Book: Yau. Shing-Tung. The Shape of a Life: One Mathematician's Search for the Universe's Hidden Geometry. Nadis. Steve. Yale University Press. 2019. 125. 2019shli.book.....Y. Stephen Hawking invited me to discuss [the proof] with him at Cambridge University in late August 1978. I gladly accepted.... Travel was difficult, however, because the British Consulate had recently taken my Hong Kong resident card, maintaining that I could not keep it now that I had a U.S. green card. In the process, I had become stateless. I was no longer a citizen of any country.... until I became a U.S. citizen in 1990..
80. Web site: Dr. Chien-Shiung Wu, The First Lady of Physics. 2021-11-29.
81. Book: Zhao. Xiaojian. Asian Americans: An Encyclopedia of Social, Cultural, Economic, and Political History [3 volumes]

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82. News: Lariosa. Joseph. Fil-Am was 1st Asian to play in major league baseball. 26 June 2013. Filipino Star News. 24 April 2018. Michigan. April 25, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180425121238/http://filipinostarnews.net/sports/fil-am-was-1st-asian-to-play-in-major-league-baseball.html. live. Book: Linda J. Borish. The Routledge History of American Sport. David K. Wiggins. Gerald R. Gems. 4 October 2016. Taylor & Francis. 978-1-317-66249-5. 360. Southern Californian Bobby Balcena was the first Asian American to play Major League Baseball.. Book: Florante Peter Ibanez. Filipinos in Carson and the South Bay. Roselyn Estepa Ibanez. Arcadia Publishing. 2009. 978-0-7385-7036-5. 73.
83. News: Mariners Hire the First Asian-American Manager . 8 October 2021 . . . 20 November 2008 . October 8, 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20211008160319/https://www.nytimes.com/2008/11/20/sports/baseball/20base.html . live .
84. News: Roberts becomes 2nd Black, 1st Asian manager to win World Series. Simon. Sharkey-Gotlieb. The Score. October 27, 2020. October 28, 2020.
85. Web site: 2020-11-13. Marlins hire Kim Ng as MLB's first female GM. 2020-11-13. ESPN.com. en. November 13, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20201113195435/https://www.espn.com/mlb/story/_/id/30310018/miami-marlins-hire-kim-ng-mlb-first-female-general-manager. live.
86. Web site: Corbin Carroll makes history as the first Asian American MLB Rookie of the Year . November 15, 2023.
87. Web site: Wat Misaka, first person of color to play in the NBA, dead at age 95. 2020-02-14. NBC News. November 22, 2019 . en. February 12, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200212071928/https://www.nbcnews.com/news/asian-america/wat-misaka-first-person-color-play-nba-dead-age-95-n1089366. live.
88. News: Arnovitz. Kevin. Erik Spoelstra Impressed By Jeremy Lin. February 13, 2012. June 27, 2013. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20131103102207/http://espn.go.com/nba/truehoop/miamiheat/story/_/id/7568695/erik-spoelstra-lebron-james-impressed-jeremy-lin-ascent. November 3, 2013. ESPN. mdy.
89. Web site: Fil-Am Coach Erik Spoelstra Steers Heat to Historic NBA Win. Medina. Andrei. June 22, 2012. GMA News. June 27, 2013. November 1, 2013. https://web.archive.org/web/20131101134733/http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/262812/pinoyabroad/pinoyachievers/fil-am-coach-erik-spoelstra-steers-heat-to-historic-nba-win. live.
90. Trail Blazers make change in general manager position. May 23, 2011. May 23, 2011. Portland Trail Blazers. May 25, 2011. https://web.archive.org/web/20110525074741/http://www.oregonlive.com/blazers/index.ssf/2011/05/portland_trail_blazers_general.html. live.
91. Web site: Jeremy Lin becomes first Asian-American NBA champion. 2019-06-13. NBCS Bay Area. 2020-02-14. May 22, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200522050158/https://www.nbcsports.com/bayarea/warriors/raptors-jeremy-lin-becomes-first-asian-american-win-nba-championship. live.
92. UC Riverside Head Men's Basketball Coach, David Patrick, Heads to Arkansas; UCR Associate Head Coach, Mike Magpayo to Lead Highlanders Going Forward. UC Riverside Highlanders. July 1, 2020. July 2, 2020. July 4, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200704024518/https://gohighlanders.com/news/2020/7/1/mike-magpayo-promoted-to-head-mens-basketball-coach.aspx. live.
93. Web site: 7 Asian American sports trailblazers who changed their games. NBC News. May 23, 2019 . en. 2020-02-16. January 23, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200123213719/https://www.nbcnews.com/news/asian-america/7-asian-american-sports-trailblazers-who-changed-games-n1006201. live.
94. News: Freeman . Mike . For Chung, NFL Dream Has Special Glow . Washington Post . 6 January 2019 . 15 April 1992.
95. Book: Zhao. Xiaojian. Asian Americans: An Encyclopedia of Social, Cultural, Economic, and Political History [3 volumes]

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96. Web site: Falcons K Younghoe Koo is the NFL's scoring leader . falconswire.usatoday.com . December 7, 2020 . May 3, 2022.
97. Web site: Grady Jarrett, Younghoe Koo named to 2021 NFL Pro Bowl . atlantafalcons.com . May 3, 2022.
98. Web site: The golden friendship between the two first Asian American Olympic champions. NBC News. May 22, 2019 . en. 2020-02-14. January 23, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200123213718/https://www.nbcnews.com/news/asian-america/golden-friendship-between-two-first-asian-american-olympic-champions-n1006191. live.