List of Artemis missions explained

The Artemis program is a human spaceflight program by the United States. The Artemis program is intended to reestablish a human presence on the Moon for the first time since Apollo 17 in 1972; mid-term objectives include establishing an international expedition team, and a sustainable human presence on the Moon. Long-term objectives for Artemis are laying the foundations for the extraction of lunar resources, and eventually making crewed missions to Mars and beyond feasible.

To date, missions in the program are aimed at exploration of the Moon, including crewed and robotic exploration of the lunar surface. Three flights of the Orion Multi-Purpose Crew Vehicle are currently planned for launch in the Artemis program in the early 2020s, beginning with Artemis 1. Before Artemis was named, the flights were referred to as "Orion missions". Numerous supporting scientific and technology demonstration missions are planned for launch under the program's Commercial Lunar Payload Services (CLPS), in addition to planned and proposed uncrewed logistical missions to construct and resupply the Gateway and its expendable and reusable lunar landers in lunar orbit.

Main missions

MissionLaunch dateCrewLaunch vehicleLaunch padDuration
EFT-1
data-sort-value="20141205" 5 December 2014
Uncrewed mission		Delta IV HeavyCape Canaveral Space Force Station, SLC-37Bdata-sort-value="264"
Exploration Flight Test 1, high apogee high reentry test, carrying an uncrewed Orion capsule on its first spaceflight
Artemis 1
data-sort-value="20220920" 16 November 2022[1] [2]
Uncrewed mission		SLS Block 1 CrewKennedy Space Center, LC-39Bdata-sort-value="2160000"
Maiden flight of the SLS, formerly "Exploration Mission 1" (EM1), carrying an uncrewed Orion capsule and ten CubeSats selected through several programs.[3] The payloads were sent on a trans-lunar injection trajectory.[4] [5]
Artemis 2data-sort-value="20250000" September 2025[6] Reid Wiseman
Victor Glover
Christina Koch
Jeremy Hansen		SLS Block 1 CrewKennedy Space Center, LC-39Bdata-sort-value="777600" ≈10d
First crewed flight, carrying four crew members on a circumlunar free-return trajectory.
Artemis 3data-sort-value="20260000" September 2026SLS Block 1 CrewKennedy Space Center, LC-39Bdata-sort-value="2592000" ≈30d
Carrying Artemis III mission hardware. First lunar landing of the Artemis program.[7]
Artemis 4data-sort-value="20260300" September 2028[8] [9] SLS Block 1B CrewKennedy Space Center, LC-39Bdata-sort-value="2592000" ≈30d
Second Artemis Lunar landing. Debut of the SLS Block 1B and the Exploration Upper Stage. Co-manifested delivery of the I-HAB module to the Lunar Gateway,[10] [11] followed by a crewed lunar landing.[12]
Artemis 5data-sort-value="20270000" March 2030[13] SLS Block 1B CrewKennedy Space Center, LC-39Bdata-sort-value="2592000" ≈30d
Co-manifested delivery of the ESPRIT Refueling Module to the Lunar Gateway.[14]
Artemis 6data-sort-value="20280000" March 2031SLS Block 1B CrewKennedy Space Center, LC-39Bdata-sort-value="2592000" ≈30d
Artemis 7data-sort-value="20290000" March 2032SLS Block 1B CrewKennedy Space Center, LC-39Bdata-sort-value="5184000" ≈30d
Artemis 8data-sort-value="20300000" 2033 (presumed)[15] SLS Block 1B CrewKennedy Space Center, LC-39Bdata-sort-value="5184000" ≈30d
Artemis 9 (proposed)data-sort-value="20310000" 2034 (presumed)[16] SLS Block 2 CrewKennedy Space Center, LC-39Bdata-sort-value="5184000" ≈30d
Artemis 10 (proposed)data-sort-value="20320000" 2035 (presumed)SLS Block 2 CrewKennedy Space Center, LC-39Bdata-sort-value="5184000" <180d

Support missions

Technology demonstrations

Launched on 28 June 2022,[17] the Cislunar Autonomous Positioning System Technology Operations and Navigation Experiment ("CAPSTONE") mission is a small (25 kg) technology-demonstration spacecraft designed to test a low-energy trans-lunar trajectories and to demonstrate the near-rectilinear halo orbit (NRHO) intended to support lunar polar missions.[18]

Surface missions

The Commercial Lunar Payload Services (CLPS) program will support the Artemis program by landing several small payloads focused on scouting for lunar resources, in situ resource utilization (ISRU) experiments and lunar science, in preparation for an extended human presence on the lunar surface.[19] [20] [21]

List of CLPS missions
MissionLaunch dateOperatorLanderRoverLaunch padLaunch vehicleDurationReferences
Peregrine Mission Onedata-sort-value="20240108" 8 January 2024AstroboticPeregrineIrisCape Canaveral, SLC-41Vulcan Centaur[22]
The lander carried multiple payloads, with a total payload mass capacity of 90 kg.[23] However, the spacecraft was unable to reach the moon because of a propellant leak. It burned up over the Pacific Ocean on 18 January.[24]
IM-1data-sort-value="20240215" 15 February 2024Intuitive MachinesNova-CKennedy Space Center, LC-39AFalcon 9[25]
The lander carried six NASA-sponsored instruments, as well as six payloads from other customers, including EagleCAM.[26] The Odysseus lander successfully touched down at Malapert A near the lunar south pole on 22 February 2024.[27] The mission ended after 7 days with the onset of lunar night, after which no further signals from the spacecraft were received.[28]
Blue Ghost M1data-sort-value="20241299" Q4 2024Firefly AerospaceBlue GhostFalcon 9≈2 weeks[29] [30] [31]
IM-2data-sort-value="20241299" December 2024Intuitive MachinesNova-CKennedy Space Center, LC-39AFalcon 9[32]
data-sort-value="20250699" H1 2025≈9-10 Earth days[33]
Griffin Mission Onedata-sort-value="20250900" September 2025AstroboticGriffinKennedy Space Center, LC-39AFalcon Heavy≈100 Earth days[34] [35]
IM-3data-sort-value="20250399" October 2025Intuitive MachinesNova-CLunar Vertex, CADRE × 4Kennedy Space Center, LC-39AFalcon 9≈9-10 Earth days[36] [37]
data-sort-value="20259999" Q4 2025 – Q1 2026≈9-10 Earth days
ispace Mission 3data-sort-value="20260000" 2026ispace / DraperAPEX 1.0≈9-10 Earth days[38] [39] [40]

Logistics missions

Uncrewed missions to assemble and resupply the Gateway will be executed as part of the Artemis program.

List of Gateway logistics missions
Launch datePayload
data-sort-value="20250000" 2025HLS Uncrewed Lunar Demofor Artemis 3
data-sort-value="20260900" September 2026HLS Crewed Lunar Demo
data-sort-value="20270000" 2027[41] Power and Propulsion Element (PPE)
Habitation and Logistics Outpost (HALO)		for Artemis 4
data-sort-value="20280900" September 2028[42] Lunar I-Hab
data-sort-value="20280900" September 2028Sustaining HLS Crewed Lunar Demo
data-sort-value="20280000" 2028[43] Dragon XL (GLS-1)
data-sort-value="20290000" 2029GLS-2for Artemis 5
data-sort-value="20300300" March 2030[44] ESPRIT Refueling Module (ERM)
data-sort-value="20300000" 2030GLS-3for Artemis 6
data-sort-value="20310300" March 2031Crew and Science Airlock Module
data-sort-value="20310000" 2031GLS-4for Artemis 7

See also

External links

Notes and References

  1. News: NASA's Artemis I mission delayed again as storm barrels toward launch site. November 8, 2022. November 9, 2022. Jackie. Wattles. Warner Bros Discovery. CNN.
  2. Web site: NASA Prepares Rocket, Spacecraft Ahead of Tropical Storm Nicole, Re-targets Launch . . 8 November 2022 . 9 November 2022.
  3. Web site: Harbaugh . Jennifer . All Artemis I Secondary Payloads Installed in Rocket's Orion Stage Adapter . NASA . 4 October 2021 . 9 November 2021.
  4. Web site: Crane . Aimee. Artemis 1 Flight Control Team Simulates Mission Scenarios. NASA. 6 August 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190806051929/https://www.nasa.gov/image-feature/artemis-1-flight-control-team-simulates-mission-scenarios/. 6 August 2019. 11 June 2019 . ...after the Space Launch System performs the Trans-Lunar Injection burn that sends the spacecraft out of Earth orbit and toward the Moon.. live.
  5. Web site: Clark. Stephen. First moon-bound Orion crew capsule declared complete, major tests remain. Spaceflight Now. 6 August 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190806051942/https://spaceflightnow.com/2019/07/22/first-moon-bound-orion-crew-capsule-declared-complete-major-test-campaign-planned-this-fall/. 6 August 2019. 22 July 2019. The Artemis 1 mission profile. Credit: NASA [...] The Artemis 1 mission will send the Orion spacecraft into a distant retrograde lunar orbit and back.... live.
  6. Web site: Smith . Marcia . NASA Delays Next Artemis Missions to 2025 and 2026 . SpacePolicyOnline . 9 January 2024 . 10 January 2024.
  7. Web site: Foust . Jeff . NASA delays human lunar landing to at least 2025 . . 9 November 2021 . 9 November 2021.
  8. Web site: 2023-06-12 . Gateway Space Station - NASA . 2024-05-04 . en-US.
  9. Web site: 2024-04-30 . Gateway: Forward Progress on Artemis IV - NASA . 2024-05-04 . en-US.
  10. Web site: NASA Commits to Future Artemis Missions With More SLS Rocket Stages. Loff. Sarah. 2019-10-15. NASA. 2019-10-16.
  11. Web site: FY 2022 Budget Estimates – Gateway – Program Projects – International Habitat (I-Hab). 97 (DEXP-67). NASA. 6 May 2021. 27 August 2021. Delivery of I-Hab to the Gateway will be via the SLS Block 1B launch vehicle with Orion providing orbital insertion and docking..
  12. Web site: Foust . Jeff . Lunar landing restored for Artemis 4 mission . . 30 October 2022 . 31 October 2022.
  13. Web site: FY 2025 Budget Request FY 2025 President's Budget Request Moon to Mars Manifest . 6 . . 15 April 2024 . 31 July 2024.
  14. Web site: Foust . Jeff . NASA foresees gap in lunar landings after Artemis 3 . . 20 January 2022 . 20 January 2022.
  15. 1587075677756526598 . jeff_foust . The current Artemis planning manifest, now updated to include a lunar landing on Artemis 4. . Jeff . Foust . 31 October 2022 . 31 October 2022.
  16. Web site: NASA Exploration Production and Operations Long-Term Sustainability Request for Information (RFI) . 5 . GovTribe . 25 October 2021 . 6 November 2021.
  17. Dodson, Gerelle (June 28, 2022), "CAPSTONE Launches to Test New Orbit for NASA’s Artemis Moon Missions", NASA RELEASE 22-067. Retrieved 21 June 2022.
  18. Hall, Laura (Apr. 29, 2022). "What is CAPSTONE", NASA. Retrieved 21 June 2022.
  19. https://www.cbsnews.com/news/nasa-taps-three-companies-for-commercial-moon-missions/ NASA taps 3 companies for commercial moon missions
  20. https://spacenews.com/nasa-awards-contracts-to-three-companies-to-land-payloads-on-the-moon/ NASA awards contracts to three companies to land payloads on the moon
  21. Web site: NASA Expands Plans for Moon Exploration: More Missions, More Science . 30 April 2018 . NASA. June 4, 2018.
  22. Web site: 18 January 2024 . US Moon mission on course for fiery destruction . 18 January 2024 . BBC News . en-GB.
  23. Web site: NASA – NSSDCA – Spacecraft – Details . nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov . 31 October 2023 . 4 December 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20231204161041/https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=PEREGRN-1 . live.
  24. Web site: Wattles . Jackie . 2024-01-19. Astrobotic's Peregrine lunar lander burns up over Pacific Ocean . 2024-01-19 . CNN . en.
  25. Web site: Foust . Jeff . Intuitive Machines delays first lunar lander launch to February . . 2023-12-19 . 2023-12-20.
  26. Web site: Media teleconference - Lunar Delivery Readiness for First Intuitive Machines Moon Flight . 13 February 2024 . NASA.
  27. Web site: Intuitive Machines lands on the moon in historic first for a U.S. company. 2024-02-22.
  28. Web site: IM-1 Mission Updates. intuitivemachines.com. 2024-03-23.
  29. Web site: Alamalhoadei . Aria . Firefly’s Blue Ghost lander represents a big bet on a future lunar economy . 6 November 2023 . 6 November 2023 . TechCrunch.
  30. Web site: Firefly Completes Integration Readiness Review of its Blue Ghost Lunar Lander . . 26 April 2022 . 1 May 2022 . 1 May 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220501201035/https://firefly.com/firefly-has-completed-the-integration-readiness-review-irr-of-blue-ghost-m1/ . dead .
  31. Web site: Firefly Aerospace Awards Contract to SpaceX to Launch Blue Ghost Mission to Moon in 2023. Business Wire. 20 May 2021. 24 May 2021.
  32. Web site: Foust . Jeff . Intuitive Machines seeks to take over NASA's VIPER lunar rover . . 13 August 2024 . 13 August 2024.
  33. Web site: Amendment 34: Payloads and Research Investigations on the Surface of the Moon (PRISM) final text and due dates. NASA. 2 September 2021. 9 September 2021.
  34. Web site: Foust . Jeff . NASA cancels VIPER lunar rover . . 17 July 2024 . 31 July 2024 . NASA said Griffin was now expected to be ready for the mission no earlier than September 2025..
  35. Web site: Foust. Jeff. Astrobotic selects Falcon Heavy to launch NASA's VIPER lunar rover. SpaceNews. 13 April 2021. 14 April 2021.
  36. Web site: NASA Selects Intuitive Machines to Deliver 4 Lunar Payloads in 2024 . . 17 November 2021 . 17 November 2021.
  37. NASA Selects Intuitive Machines for New Lunar Science Delivery . . 17 November 2021 . 17 November 2021.
  38. Web site: Foust . Jeff . Ispace revises design of lunar lander for NASA CLPS mission . . 29 September 2023 . 30 September 2023.
  39. Web site: ispace - U.S. Announces new U.S. Headquarters, Unveils APEX 1.0 Lunar Lander, Provides Updates on Mission 3 . . 29 September 2023 . 30 September 2023.
  40. NASA Selects Draper to Fly Research to Far Side of Moon . . 21 July 2022 . 18 November 2022.
  41. Web site: Artemis Programs: NASA Should Document and Communicate Plans to Address Gateway's Mass Risk . . 31 July 2024 . 31 July 2024.
  42. Web site: Foust . Jeff . 13 March 2023 . NASA planning to spend up to $1 billion on space station deorbit module . 13 March 2023 . SpaceNews.
  43. Web site: Foust . Jeff . NASA plans to start work this year on first Gateway logistics mission . . 24 February 2023 . 13 March 2023.
  44. Web site: FY 2025 Budget Request FY 2025 President's Budget Request Moon to Mars Manifest . 6 . . 15 April 2024 . 31 July 2024.

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