List of Apple codenames explained
This list of Apple codenames covers the codenames given to products by Apple Inc. during development. The codenames are often used internally only, normally to maintain the secrecy of the project. Occasionally a codename may become the released product's name. Most of Apple's codenames from the 1980s and 1990s are provided by the book Apple Confidential 2.0.
Accessories
Apple TV
Apple Watch
Computers
Apple
In chronological order:
Macintosh
The first Macintosh was released in 1984:
eMac
The first eMac was released in 2002
iBook
The first iBook was released in 1999.
- iBook (FireWire)P1.5
- iBook (32 MB VRAM)P72B
- iBook (800/900 MHz 32 MB VRAM)P73D
- iBookBismol
- iBookLanai
- iBook G3 (Dual USB)Marble
- iBookP1
- iBook (14.1 LCD)Son of Pismo
- iBook (Dual USB)P29
- iBook (14.1 LCD)P54
- iBook (Opaque 16 MB VRAM)P72B
- iBook (late 2001)P92
- iBook G4 (early 2004)Q72
- iBook G4 (mid-2005)Q72B
- iBook G4 (early 2004)Q73
- iBook G4 (mid-2005)Q73B
iMac
The first iMac was released in 1998.
- iMac G3 (Bondi Blue)[15] Mac Man and Columbus
- iMac G3 (Bondi Blue)C1
- iMac G3 (Bondi Blue)Elroy
- iMac G3 (Bondi Blue)Tailgate
- iMac G3 (5 Flavors)Life Savers
- iMac G3, iMac DV, iMac DV+, iMac DV SEKihei, P7
- iMac G3 (summer 2001)Kiva
- iMac G4 (USB 2.0; 15-inch & 17-inch)Horizon, Q26B, Q26C
- iMac G4 (17-inch Flat Panel)P79
- iMac G4 (flat panel)Tessera, P80
- iMac G5 (17-inch, 20-inch)Hero
- iMac G5 (20-inch)Fino, M23
- iMac G5 (Ambient Light Sensor) 17-inch Q45C
- iMac G5 (Ambient Light Sensor) 20-inch Q45D
- iMac G5 iSight (17-, 20-inch)Q87
- iMac (21.5-inch, Late 2012) J30
- iMac (27-inch, Late 2012) J31
Mac mini
The first Mac mini was in 2005.
- Mac mini (early 2006)Kaleidoscope
- Mac miniTwiggy, Q88
- Mac mini (M2, 2022)J473[16]
- Mac mini (M2 Pro, 2022)J474
Mac Pro
- Mac Pro (Mid-2012) & Mac Pro Server (Mid-2012) K5B
- Mac Pro (2013)[17] J90
- Mac Pro (2023)J180
MacBook
MacBook Air
MacBook Pro
- MacBook Pro 13"J52[18]
- MacBook Pro 13"J130
- MacBook Pro (13-inch, Early 2011)K90I
- MacBook Pro (15-inch, Early 2011)K91
- MacBook Pro (17-inch, Early 2011)K92
- MacBook Pro (13-inch, Late 2011)K90IA[19]
- MacBook Pro (15-inch, Late 2011)K91A
- MacBook Pro (17-inch, Late 2011)K92A
- 13-inch MacBook Pro with Retina Display- D1[20]
- 15-inch MacBook Pro with Retina DisplayD2[21]
- MacBook Pro (Retina, 13-inch, Early 2013)J44[22]
- MacBook Pro (Retina, 15-inch, Early 2013)J45[23]
- MacBook Pro (Retina, 15-inch, Mid 2015)J53
- MacBook Pro (13-inch, M2, 2022)J493
- MacBook Pro (14-inch, M2, 2022)J414
- MacBook Pro (16-inch, M2, 2022)J416
PowerBook
- PowerBook 100Asahi
- PowerBook 100Derringer
- PowerBook 100Rosebud
- PowerBook 100Sapporo
- PowerBook 145Colt 45
- PowerBook 145BColt 45
- PowerBook 140Tim Lite
- PowerBook 170Tim
- PowerBook 170Road Warrior
- PowerBook 160Brooks
- PowerBook 165Dart LC
- PowerBook 180Converse
- PowerBook 180Dartanian
- PowerBook 165cMonet
- PowerBook 180cHokusai
- PowerBook 150Jedi
- PowerBook 190Omega
- PowerBook 190csOmega
- PowerBook 540, 540c, 550c, 500 with PowerPCBlackbird
- PowerBook 520, 520c, 550c, 500 with PowerPC- Blackbird LC
- PowerBook 540/540cSpruce Goose
- PowerBook 540, 540c, 550c, 500 with PowerPCSR-71
- PowerBook 1400c, 1400csEpic
- PowerBook 2400c/180Comet
- PowerBook 2400c/240Mighty Cat
- PowerBook 2400cNautilus
- PowerBook 3400c[24] Hooper
- PowerBook 5300 Series Mustang
- PowerBook 5300M2
- PowerBook Duo 210, 230- BOB W (Best of Both Worlds)
- PowerBook Duo 210, 230Cinnamon
- PowerBook Duo 210, 230DBLite
- PowerBook Duo 250Ansel
- PowerBook Duo 270cEscher
- PowerBook Duo 280/280cYeager
- PowerBook Duo 2300c/100AJ
- PowerBook Duo Dock/Plus/IIGemini
- PowerBook G3 (1997)PowerBook 3500
- PowerBook G3 (1997)Kanga
- PowerBook G3 (May 1998)Mainstreet
- PowerBook G3 (May 1998)Wallstreet
- PowerBook G3 (August 1998)PDQ
- PowerBook G3 (Bronze Keyboard)101
- PowerBook G3 (Bronze Keyboard)Lombard
- PowerBook (FireWire)102
- PowerBook (FireWire)P8
- PowerBook (FireWire)Pismo
- PowerBook G4Mercury
- PowerBook G4103
- PowerBook G4 (DVI)Ivory
- PowerBook G4 (Gigabit Ethernet)Onyx
- PowerBook G4 (Gigabit Ethernet)P25
- PowerBook G4 Titanium (1 GHz/867 MHz)P88
- PowerBook G4 (12-inch)P99
- PowerBook G4 (15-inch FW800)Q16
- PowerBook G4 (15-inch 1.5/1.33GHz)Q16A
- PowerBook G4 (17-inch)Hammerhead
- PowerBook G4 (17-inch 1.33GHz)Q41
- PowerBook G4 (17-inch 1.5 GHz)Q41A
- PowerBook G4 (12-inch DVI)Q54
- PowerBook G4 (12-inch 1.33 GHz)Q54A
- PowerBook G5 (EVT1)Q51
PowerMacintosh
PowerMac
Networking
- Apple Internet Communication Kit — Cyberpup (referencing Cyberdog)
- Data Modem 2400 — Funnelweb (referencing Funnel-web spider)
- eWorld 1.0 — Aladdin
- eWorld 1.1 — Golden Gate
- ISDN NuBus card — CarCraft
- MacTCP — Verduras (Spanish for vegetables)
- MacTerminal 2.0 — SuperPrawn
- MacTerminal II — Killer Bees
- PPP 1.0 — Paris
iPad
iPhone
iPod
Other
- Apple Vision ProN301[53]
- Apple Vision Pro (2nd generation)N109 and Project Alaska[54]
- Apple CarTitan
- visionOSBorealis, Oak[55] [56]
- 2019 augmented reality prototypesGarta, Franc, Luck, T288[57] [58] [59]
- Apple's aluminum unibody manufacturing processBrick
- Apple facility including a regenerative thermal oxidizer to reduce pollutionMagnolia[60]
- Apple Santa Clara, California facilities (Project Titan, MicroLED,[61] iPhone Modularization)[62] Zeus, Medusa, Pegasus, Athena, and Aria[63]
Systems on chip & Processors
The internal codenames for the CPU cores of Apple silicon A series and M series chips are named after islands, with the cores named after wind and weather patterns.[64]
- Apple A6 and A6XBali, with Swift cores
- Apple A7Alcatraz, with Cyclone cores
- Apple A8Fiji, with Typhoon cores
- Apple A8XCapri, with Typhoon cores
- Apple A9Maui (Samsung), Malta (TSMC), with Twister cores
- Apple A9XElba, with Twister cores
- Apple A10 FusionCayman, with 2 Hurricane cores and 2 Zephyr cores
- Apple A10X FusionMyst, with 3 Hurricane cores and 3 Zephyr cores
- Apple A11 BionicSkye, with 2 Monsoon cores and 4 Mistral cores
- Apple A12 BionicCyprus, with 2 Vortex cores and 4 Tempest cores
- Apple A12X and A12Z BionicAruba, with 4 Vortex cores and 4 Tempest cores
- Apple A13 BionicCebu, with 2 Lightning and 4 Thunder cores[65]
- Apple A14 BionicSicily, with 2 Firestorm cores and 4 Icestorm cores[66] [67]
- Apple A15 BionicEllis, with 2 Avalanche cores and 4 Blizzard cores
- Apple A16 BionicCrete, with 2 Everest cores and 4 Sawtooth cores
- Apple A17 ProColl[68]
- Apple A18 ProTahiti
- Apple silicon (Mac): Kalamata[69]
Software
Applications
Software Features
AirPods Firmware
For use with AirPods
- Build 1A6XXTheremin
- Build 2XXXXHarmonica
- Build 3XXXXHarpsichord
- Build 4XXXXPiccolo
audioOS
For use with HomePod
- audioOS 11.0.2Cinar
- audioOS 11.3Emet
- audioOS 11.4Fatsa
- audioOS 11.4.1Gebze
- audioOS 12.0–12.3Peace
- audioOS 13.2–13.3.1Yukon
- audioOS 13.4Yager
- audioOS 14Archer
- audioOS 15Satellite
- audioOS 15.1Starlinks
Classic Mac OS
The classic Mac OS is often cited as having multiple codenames. The codename convention for Mac OS 8 and 9 mostly follow musical terminology.
- System 6.0.4 (1989)Antares
- System 6.0.5 (1990)Big Deal
- System 6.0.6SixPack (never released due to AppleTalk bug)
- System 6.0.8 (1991)Terminator
- System 7Blue, Big Bang, M80 (in reference to the M-80 firecrackers), Pleiades
- System 7's FinderFurnishings 2000
- System 7's TuneUp — 7Up
- System 7.0.1 (1991)Road Warrior, Beta Cheese, Regatta
- System 7.1 (1992)Cube-E, I Tripoli (in reference to IEEE standards)
- System 7.1 Pro (1993)Jirocho
- Prototype of System 7.1 for x86 processorsStar Trek
- System 7.5 (PPC) (1994)Mozart, Capone ("to strike fear in the heart of" Windows 95, codenamed Chicago)
- System 7.5 Update 1.0Danook (from The Far Side)
- System 7.5 Update 2.0Thag (from The Far Side), Zhag
- System 7.5.2 — Marconi (in reference to Guglielmo Marconi)
- System 7.5.3Unity ("contains all patches and special software")
- System 7.5.3 Revision 2Buster (Amelio's high school nickname)
- System 7.5.5Son of Buster (picked for the "SOB" acronym)
- System 7.6Harmony
- System 7.6.1Ides of Buster
- Mac OS 8 (failed project)Copland, Maxwell
- Mac OS 8 (released)Tempo
- Mac OS 8.0 for CHRP: Orient Express
- Mac OS 8.1Bride of Buster
- Mac OS 8.5Allegro, Scimitar
- Mac OS 8.5.1Rick Ford Release, The
- Mac OS 8.6Veronica (named after a relative of technical lead Brian Bechtel)
- Mac OS 9.0Gershwin, Sonata
- Mac OS 9.0.4Minuet[86]
- Mac OS 9.1 –Fortissimo
- Mac OS 9.2 –Moonlight
- Mac OS 9.2.1 –Limelight
- Mac OS 9.2.2 –LU1 (Limelight Update 1)
iOS
The codename convention for iOS are ski resorts.[87] [88]
- iPhone OS 1.0Alpine
- iPhone OS 1.0.1–1.0.2SUHeavenlyJuly
- iPhone OS 1.1–1.1.1Snowbird
- iPhone OS 1.1.2Oktoberfest
- iPhone OS 1.1.3–1.1.5Little Bear
- iPhone OS 2.0–2.0.2Big Bear
- iPhone OS 2.1–2.1.1Sugar Bowl
- iPhone OS 2.2Timberline
- iPhone OS 2.2.1SUTimberline
- iPhone OS 3.0–3.0.1Kirkwood
- iPhone OS 3.1–3.1.2Northstar
- iPhone OS 3.1.3SUNorthstarTwo
- iPhone OS 3.2–3.2.2Wildcat
- iOS 4.0–4.0.2Apex
- iOS 4.1Baker
- iOS 4.2.1Jasper
- iOS 4.2.5–4.2.10Phoenix
- iOS 4.3–4.3.5Durango
- iOS 5.0–5.0.1Telluride
- iOS 5.1–5.1.1Hoodoo
- iOS 6.0–6.0.2Sundance
- iOS 6.1–6.1.2Brighton
- iOS 6.1.3–6.1.6BrightonMaps
- iOS 7.0–7.0.2Innsbruck
- iOS 7.0.3–7.0.6InnsnbruckTaos
- iOS 7.1Sochi
- iOS 7.1.1SUSochi
- iOS 7.1.2Sochi
- iOS 8.0–8.0.2Okemo
- iOS 8.1OkemoTaos
- iOS 8.1.1–8.1.2SUOkemoTaos
- iOS 8.1.3SUOkemoTaosTwo
- iOS 8.2OkemoZurs
- iOS 8.3Stowe
- iOS 8.4Copper
- iOS 8.4.1Donner
- iOS 9.0–9.0.2Monarch
- iOS 9.1Boulder
- iOS 9.2Castlerock
- iOS 9.2.1Dillon
- iOS 9.3–9.3.1Eagle
- iOS 9.3.2Frisco
- iOS 9.3.3–9.3.6Genoa
- iOS 10.0.1–10.0.3Whitetail
- iOS 10.1–10.1.1Butler
- iOS 10.2Corry
- iOS 10.2.1Dubois
- iOS 10.3–10.3.1Erie
- iOS 10.3.2Franklin
- iOS 10.3.3–10.3.4Greensburg
- iOS 11.0–11.0.3Tigris
- iOS 11.1–11.1.2Bursa
- iOS 11.2–11.2.2Cinar
- iOS 11.2.5–11.2.6Dalaman
- iOS 11.3–11.3.1Emet
- iOS 11.4Fatsa
- iOS 11.4.1Gebze
- iOS 12Peace
- iOS 13 / iPadOS 13Yukon
- iOS 14 / iPadOS 14Azul
- iOS 15 / iPadOS 15Sky
- iOS 16 / iPadOS 16Sydney
- iOS 17 / iPadOS 17Dawn
- iOS 18 / iPadOS 18Crystal
Mac OS X / OS X / macOS
The internal codenames of Mac OS X 10.0 through 10.2 are big cats.
In Mac OS X 10.2, the internal codename "Jaguar" was used as a public name, and, for subsequent Mac OS X releases, big cat names were used as public names through until OS X 10.8 "Mountain Lion", and wine names were used as internal codenames through until OS X 10.10 "Syrah".
For OS X releases beginning with 10.9, and for macOS releases, landmarks in California were used as public names.[89]
For OS X releases beginning with 10.11, and for macOS releases, varieties of apples were used as internal code names.
Mac OS X Server
- Mac OS X Server 1.0Rhapsody
- Mac OS X Server CR1 — Enterprise (named after "Apple's NeXT division")
- Mac OS X Server DR2 — Titan
- Mac OS X Server 10.2 JaguarTigger
Other operating systems
tvOS
Version:
- 9.0–9.0.1MonarchTide
- 9.1Tilden
- 9.1.1Noble
- 9.2Angora
- 9.2.1Fern
- 9.2.2Gilmore
- 10.0Union
- 10.0.1Bugle
- 10.1Clementine
- 10.1.1Diamond
- 10.2Emerald
- 10.2.1Florence
- 10.2.2Gold
- 11.0Topaz
- 11.1Bass
- 11.2–11.2.1Coyote
- 11.2.5–11.2.6Dixon
- 11.3Eaton
- 11.4Francis
- 11.4.1Grant
- 12.0–12.4.1Hope
- 13.0–13.4.5Yager
- 14.0–14.7Archer
- 15.0Satellite
- 16.0Paris
watchOS
watchOS often follows the codename convention for beaches.[96] All betas carry the following codenames, succeeded by the word "Seed". For example, watchOS 3.2 beta is known as ElectricSeed.
- Apple Watch ElectrocardiogramCinnamon
- Apple Watch Blood OxygenScandium
- Apple Watch sleep trackingBurrito[97]
watchOS 1
Version | Codename |
---|
1.0 | SkiHill |
1.0.1 | Bucket | |
watchOS 2
Version | Codename |
---|
2.0 | Bondi |
2.0.1 | Atlantic |
2.1 | Bahar |
2.2 | Coral |
2.2.1 | Fish |
2.2.2 | Goldfish | |
watchOS 3
Version | Codename |
---|
3.0 | Daytona |
3.1 | Blowfish |
3.1.1 | Catfish |
3.1.3 | Dogfish |
3.2 | Electric |
3.2.2 | Firefish |
3.2.3 | Ghostfish | |
watchOS 4
Version | Codename |
---|
4.0 | Fortune |
4.1 | Beluga |
4.2 | Catamaran |
4.2.2 | Dolphin |
4.2.3 |
4.3 | Emperor |
4.3.1 | Ferry |
4.3.1 | Gull | |
watchOS 11
Technologies
Services
References
Bibliography
Notes and References
- Web site: Rambo . Guilherme . April 17, 2019 . Apple revamping Find My Friends & Find My iPhone in unified app, developing Tile-like personal item tracking . September 25, 2019 . September 25, 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190925103417/https://9to5mac.com/2019/04/17/find-my-iphone-revamp/ . live .
- Web site: Dutta . Pururaj . April 2, 2020 . Exclusive: AirTags confirmed in a new Apple Support Video! . Appleosophy . May 19, 2020 . May 25, 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200525094207/https://appleosophy.com/2020/04/02/airtags-confirmed-in-a-new-apple-support-video/ . live .
- Web site: Rambo . Guilherme . October 2, 2019 . New in-ear AirPods with noise cancellation found in iOS 13.2 beta . October 3, 2019 . 9to5Mac . en-US . October 3, 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20191003002839/https://9to5mac.com/2019/10/02/new-in-ear-airpods-with-noise-cancelling-found-in-ios-13-2-beta/ . live .
- Web site: Apple's over-ear headphones may be called 'AirPods Studio' & retail for $349 . May 16, 2020 . AppleInsider . en . May 17, 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200517175717/https://appleinsider.com/articles/20/05/09/apples-over-ear-headphones-may-be-called-airpods-studio . live .
- Web site: September 27, 2016 . 169327: Fuji Preference Panes PT TrackPad (D67, 081116, PC, ProRes, 442HQ) . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20161018233518/http://appldnld.apple.com/osxassets/031-72490-2016008016-5A8D07A0-631B-11E6-828B-BE3E474FE3CA/com_apple_MobileAsset_prefpanes_TrackpadMouseVideos/4c802a19960a54d112696e210da8c59e84e9f243.zip . October 18, 2016 . October 16, 2016 . . . . mdy-all.
- Web site: Apple TV . apple-history.com . April 2, 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190402165702/https://apple-history.com/apple_tv . April 2, 2019 . live .
- Web site: Topolsky . Joshua . Joshua Topolsky . The next Apple TV revealed: cloud storage and iPhone OS on tap... and a $99 price tag . . May 28, 2010 . . April 4, 2015 . mdy-all . https://web.archive.org/web/20150408211254/http://www.engadget.com/2010/05/28/the-next-apple-tv-revealed-cloud-storage-and-iphone-os-on-tap/ . April 8, 2015 . live .
- Web site: Gurman . Mark . Apple's next-generation Apple TV moves closer to reality, assigned J33 codename . . November 28, 2011 . mdy-all . November 26, 2013 . https://web.archive.org/web/20131031214646/http://9to5mac.com/2011/11/28/apples-next-generation-apple-tv-moves-closer-to-reality-assigned-j33-codename/ . October 31, 2013 . live .
- Web site: Apple TV (2015) review. Rene. Ritchie. Rene Ritchie. November 19, 2015. iMore. February 2, 2021. December 25, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20211225152939/https://www.imore.com/apple-tv-2015-review. live.
- Web site: Apple TV Ultra HD 4K model tipped with codename J105. Brittany A.. Roston. February 16, 2017. Slashgear. February 2, 2021. February 27, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210227014748/https://www.slashgear.com/apple-tv-ultra-hd-4k-model-tipped-with-codename-j105-16475250/. live.
- Web site: New Apple TV 2021 release date, price & specs rumours. Karen. Haslam. January 14, 2021. February 2, 2021. February 3, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210203110940/https://www.macworld.co.uk/news/new-apple-tv-3663891/. live.
- Web site: Chen . Brian X. . Apple's New Job: Selling a Smartwatch to an Uninterested Public . The New York Times . February 27, 2015 . May 19, 2020 . December 29, 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20191229123929/https://www.nytimes.com/2015/03/02/technology/apples-new-job-selling-a-smartwatch-to-an-uninterested-public.html?partner=rssnyt&emc=rss&_r=0 . live .
- Web site: Jewiss . Connor . 2024-03-12 . The MicroLED Apple Watch Ultra slips further away from reality as another supplier gets axed . 2024-05-30 . iMore . en . May 30, 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240530050722/https://www.imore.com/health-fitness/apple-watch-ultra/the-microled-apple-watch-ultra-slips-further-away-from-reality-as-another-supplier-gets-axed . live .
- Book: Levy, Steven . June 2000 . Penguin Publishing Group . 978-0-14-029177-3 . 200 . en . Steven Levy.
- Web site: Dormehl . Luke . iMac's terrible code name was an in-joke between Jobs and Schiller . . April 17, 2018 . mdy-all . November 28, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20181128210720/https://www.cultofmac.com/477151/imacs-terrible-working-title-joke-jobs-schiller/ . November 28, 2018 . live .
- News: 2022-04-14 . Apple Readies Several New Macs With Next-Generation M2 Chips . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20220704060343/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2022-04-14/apple-readies-several-new-macs-with-next-generation-m2-chips . July 4, 2022 . 2023-03-26 . Bloomberg.com . en.
- Web site: Fekete . István . June 20, 2013 . Benchmarks Surface for Next-Gen 13" MacBook Pro, Mid-2013 Mac Pro . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20131202230321/http://www.iphoneincanada.ca/mac/benchmarks-surface-for-next-gen-13-macbook-pro-mid-2013-mac-pro/ . December 2, 2013 . November 27, 2013 . iPhone in Canada . mdy-all.
- Web site: 169327: Fuji Preference Panes (PT, J52, 081116, PC, ProRes, 442HQ) . . September 27, 2016 . . . October 16, 2016 . mdy-all . https://web.archive.org/web/20161018224924/http://appldnld.apple.com/osxassets/031-72490-2016008016-5A8D07A0-631B-11E6-828B-BE3E474FE3CA/com_apple_MobileAsset_prefpanes_TrackpadMouseVideos/62016718f53b21c3ba6bd3f72303570491d38502.zip . October 18, 2016 . live .
- Web site: Gurman . Mark . MacBook Pros constrained, new models appear in Apple's inventory system . . November 27, 2013 . October 13, 2011 . the new internal code names for the updated MacBook Pro line are K90IA (13-inch), K91A (15-inch), and K92A (17-inch). The A in the codename signifies this next MacBook Pro refresh as being relatively minor. . mdy-all . https://web.archive.org/web/20131130051022/http://9to5mac.com/2011/10/13/macbook-pros-constrained-new-models-appear-in-apples-inventory-system/ . November 30, 2013 . live .
- Web site: Gurman . Mark . 13-inch MacBook Pro with Retina display confirmed for Apple event . . November 26, 2013 . October 14, 2012 . The current 15-inch MacBook Pro with Retina Display is codenamed D2, and its smaller sibling is in fact, as predicted this morning, dubbed D1 internally. . mdy-all . https://web.archive.org/web/20131202230232/http://9to5mac.com/2012/10/14/13-inch-macbook-pro-with-retina-display-confirmed-for-apple-event/ . December 2, 2013 . live .
- Web site: Hughes . Neil . New part numbers reveal Apple to refresh most of Mac lineup at WWDC . . November 27, 2013 . June 6, 2012 . mdy-all . https://web.archive.org/web/20131202233152/http://appleinsider.com/articles/12/06/06/part_numbers_suggest_apple_may_refresh_most_of_mac_lineup_at_wwdc.html . December 2, 2013 . live .
- Web site: Slivka . Eric . Next-Generation 13-Inch MacBook Pro Benchmarked with Modest Performance Gains . . November 27, 2013 . July 20, 2013 . mdy-all . https://web.archive.org/web/20131202233542/http://www.macrumors.com/2013/06/20/next-generation-13-inch-macbook-pro-benchmarked-with-modest-performance-gains/ . December 2, 2013 . live .
- Web site: Slivka . Eric . Next-Generation 15-Inch MacBook Pro Shows Up in Benchmarks . . November 27, 2013 . July 9, 2013 . mdy-all . https://web.archive.org/web/20131203010022/http://www.macrumors.com/2013/07/09/next-generation-15-inch-macbook-pro-shows-up-in-benchmarks/ . December 3, 2013 . live .
- Paul Kunkel & Rick English, Apple Design pp 26267, Graphis. .
- Web site: Gurman. Mark. Reported Retina Display iPad 3 with J2 codename shows up in hidden iOS 5 code. 9to5Mac. November 26, 2013. November 21, 2011. https://web.archive.org/web/20131203012224/http://9to5mac.com/2011/11/21/reported-retina-display-ipad-3-with-j2-codename-shows-up-in-hidden-ios-5-code/. December 3, 2013. live.
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