List of Ambazonian militant groups explained

Following is a list of militant groups fighting for the independence of Ambazonia, commonly referred to locally as "Amba Boys", in the Anglophone Crisis. It should be recalled that there are other groups involved but their tactics remain nonviolent. Due to the obscure nature of many of the smaller groups, this list will remain incomplete until more information becomes available.

Many Ambazonian rebel groups and their commanders take symbolic names which reference animals or specific personal traits; these are used to evoke fear and respect.

List

width=170pxName of groupwidth=170pxPart of
width=170pxPolitical allegiance
width=240pxCommander(s)width=170pxStrength
Alou Guerilla Fighters[1] ??"General Ayekeah"[2] ?
Al-Qaeda Squad of Meme[3] ??"Field Marshall Lucifer"?
Ambaland Forces[4] N/A??10–30 [5]
Ambaland Quifor??Silas Zama200
Ambazonia Dark Forces[6] ??Capo Daniel?
Ambazonia Defence Forces[7] N/AAmbazonia Governing Council
(in turn allied with the Ayuk Tabe loyalist faction of the Interim Government since 2020)[8] 		Ayaba Cho Lucas
Benedict Nwana Kuah
Ivo Mbah[9]
"General Efang" ("Big Number")[10]
Capo Daniel[11] (formerly)
"Major General King Commando"
"General Manboy"[12]
"General Cross and Die"[13]
"Colonel John"[14]
"General Rasta"
Orock Valentine aka "General Mbula"[15]
"General Abakwa"		200–500 [16]
Ambazonia Intelligence Forces[17] Ambazonia Self-Defence Council???
Ambazonia Revolutionary Guards[18] [19] Ambazonia Self-Defence Council[20] ?Clement Mbashie aka "General No Pity"[21] (General No Pity also leads the Bambalang Marine Forces and Bui Unity Warriors)?
Ambazonia Restoration Army[22] [23] Ambazonia Self-Defence CouncilPaxson Agbor[24] a few dozen
Bambalang Marine Forces[25] Ambazonia Self-Defence Council?Clement Mbashie aka "General No Pity"[26] (General No Pity also leads the Ambazonia Revolutionary Guards and Bui Unity Warriors)
Sylvester Mbashie aka "General Shina Rambo"[27] 		?
Asawana[28] ????
Black Cats????
Black Hearts of Banga Bakundu[29] ????
Black Lions of Bamali[30] ??"General Kolambo"?
Black Mambas????
Black Shoes of Oku????
Banso Resistance Army[31] ????
Buffaloes of Bali[32] ?Unclear, but fought against ADF militia of "Big Number"[33] ??
Bui Unity Warriors[34] Unclear?Clement Mbashie aka "General No Pity" (General No Pity also leads the Ambazonia Revolutionary Guards and Bambalang Marine Forces)
"General Mad Dog of Bui"		?
Bui Warriors[35] Ambazonia Self-Defence Council[36]
Southern Cameroons Restoration Forces (General Insobu was General Chacha's successor; Chacha was aligned with the SCRF)		?"General Insobu"
"General Thunder"[37] 		?
Dongang Mantung self defense group (or "Donga and Mantung liberation forces")????
Expendables 100[38] ??"General Ten Kobo"[39] ?
Fako Action Forces[40] ????
Fako-Meme Black Tar Council[41] ??Augustine Ambe ("General Above the Law")?
Fako Mountain Lions[42] ????
Ground Zero[43] ??Success Nkongho?
Gorilla Fighters[44] ??"General Ayeke"[45] ?
Jaguars of Bamessing[46] ??"General Sagard"?
Menchum Fall Warriors???a few dozen
Manyu Ghost Warriors[47] Ambazonia Self-Defence CouncilMartin Ashu500
Ngoketundjia Defence Council[48] ????
Nso Liberation Army????
Only Bro[49] ????
Red DragonAmbazonia Self-Defence Council[50]
"Lebialem Defence Force"		"Field Marshall" Lekeaka Oliver[51]
"General Ayekeah" (also head of Alou Guerilla Fighters)		200
Ribbons of Ambazonia[52] ??Desmond Koa ("General Mad Dog" of Ndian and Meme)[53]
"General Millepede"		?
Seven KartaAmbazonia Self-Defence Council"General Alhaji"[54]
"General Peace Plant"
"One Blood"[55] 		200
Southern Cameroons Defence ForcesAligned with, but not officially part of, the Ambazonia Self-Defence CouncilEbenezer Akwanga
Andrew Ngoe[56]
"General Opopo"[57]
"General Jason"		400
Southern Cameroons Restoration Forces (also known as "Southern Cameroons Defence Forces")Ambazonia Self-Defence CouncilNso Foncha Nkem
"General RK"
"General Chacha"[58] 		100
Team Retina[59] ??"General Massacre"?
Ten Cobo????
Ten-Ten??"General Ten-Ten"50
The Mountain Lions????
Tigers of Ambazonia (also known as "Manyu Tigers"[60] or "Tigers of Manyu")Ambazonia Self-Defence Council? 500
The Sword of Ambazonia (TSOA)???200
VipersN/A??a few dozen
White Tigers???50
Warriors of Nso???100
One Touch????
Isakabas????
More than 20 unnamed militias as of 2019??For individual leaders whose affiliation could not be verified, see list of Ambazonian commanders in the Anglophone Crisis.Hundreds, split into dozens of groups

Footnotes

References

Works cited

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Cameroon – Anglophone Crisis: Ambazonia General, Ayekeh wreaks havoc in Lebialem . 24 September 2019 . Atia T. AZOHNWI . Cameroon Info . 15 June 2023 .
  2. Web site: Ambazonia 'Major General' Ayeke killed, leaves fighters stranded . 13 October 2020 . Atia T. Azohwi . Mimi Mefo Info . 15 June 2023 .
  3. Web site: Whereabouts of 28, including women and children, unknown after abduction. 2024-05-14 . Mimi Mefo Info . en.
  4. https://www.nation.co.ke/news/africa/The-Cameroon-English-speaking-separatists/1066-4312292-omwos6/index.html Who are Cameroon's English-speaking separatists?
  5. https://www.crisisgroup.org/africa/central-africa/cameroon/dialogue-essential-unite-cameroons-disparate-voices Dialogue is Essential to Unite Cameroon’s Disparate Voices
  6. Web site: 2023-05-11 . Cameroon: 'Ambazonians' threaten journalists . 2023-04-26 . Deutche Welle. en.
  7. News: Ambazonia defense forces. Cameroon Journal. 13 September 2017. 22 April 2018.
  8. https://www.thenewhumanitarian.org/analysis/2020/07/08/Cameroon-Ambazonia-conflict-peace-whos-who Ahead of peace talks, a who’s who of Cameroon’s separatist movement
  9. https://web.archive.org/web/20181221184005/http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2018-12/21/c_137690321.htm Cameroon says armed separatist commander among 4 killed in troubled Anglophone zone
  10. Web site: Un « général » ambazonien présente ses excuses aux populations du Nord-ouest et du Sud-ouest . Le Bled Parle . 7 March 2021 . 19 June 2023 . 9 October 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20211009162756/https://www.lebledparle.com/fr/societe/1119190-un-general-ambazonien-presente-ses-excusent-aux-populations-du-nord-ouest-et-du-sud-ouest . dead .
  11. https://foreignpolicy.com/2021/05/20/separatists-nigeria-cameroon-biafra-ipob-ambazonia-anglophone-joining-forces/ Separatist Movements in Nigeria and Cameroon Are Joining Forces
  12. Web site: Commander Manboy of Momo set ablaze a military pick up and confiscate weapons and ammunitions . Mimi Mefo . 22 October 2021 . Mimi Mefo . 23 October 2021 .
  13. Web site: Crise anglophone: un "général" ambazonien abattu par l'armée dans le Nord-Ouest . 30 October 2021 . Actu Cameroun . 30 October 2021 .
  14. Web site: Two Ambazonia forces killed in Bambui, 15 killed and hideouts ransacked in Batibo-Security sources . 2 August 2022. Cameroon News Agency. 2 August 2022 .
  15. Web site: Atangana . David . 2023-01-30 . Manyu: Military kill notorious Ambazonia 'General' in Upper Bayang . 2023-01-30 . Mimi Mefo Info . en-US.
  16. https://www.crisisgroup.org/africa/central-africa/cameroon/272-crise-anglophone-au-cameroun-comment-arriver-aux-pourparlers Cameroon’s Anglophone Crisis: How to Get to Talks?
  17. Web site: Nord-Ouest : violents affrontements à Kumbo . Actu Cameroun . 4 March 2021 . 25 May 2023 .
  18. Web site: As fighting persists, Cameroon's state agricultural workers are caught in the crossfire . Equal Times . 16 February 2022 . 19 April 2022 .
  19. Web site: Ambazonia Revolutionary Guards step up action near Cross River border . Nigeria Pen . 23 October 2021 . 19 April 2022 .
  20. Web site: General No Pity reserves right to use all means to counter the Francophone dominated army . Isong Asu . Cameroon Intelligence Report . 8 October 2021 . 20 April 2022 .
  21. Web site: Southern Cameroons Crisis: "General No Pity" vows to continue fight against French Cameroun . Fon Lawrence . Cameroon Intelligence Report . 13 October 2021 . 19 April 2022 .
  22. https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-45723211 Cameroon's Anglophone crisis: Red Dragons and Tigers - the rebels fighting for independence
  23. Web site: Why Political Power Distribution Escalated Anglophone Crisis in Cameroon? . Susa Africa . 17 September 2020 . 8 November 2023 .
  24. https://humanrightscommission.house.gov/sites/humanrightscommission.house.gov/files/documents/Crisis%20Group%20Cameroon%20statement.pdf Cameroon’s Crises,Crisis Group briefing to the Tom Lantos Human Rights Commission
  25. https://www.journalducameroun.com/en/cameroon-ambazonia-general-no-pity-killed-in-restive-north-west-region/ Cameroon: Ambazonia General No Pity killed in restive North West region
  26. https://www.facebook.com/CAMEROONNEWSAGENCY/posts/3902968049816217 Facebook
  27. News: Actu Cameroun . Crise anglophone : le frère du terroriste « No Pity » a déposé les armes. 2023-05-30.
  28. Web site: "They Are Destroying Our Future" Armed Separatist Attacks on Students, Teachers, and Schools in Cameroon’s Anglophone Regions . HRW . 16 December 2021 . 8 November 2023 .
  29. https://twitter.com/CMRNewsAgency/status/1292101106915516416 Twitter
  30. Web site: Separatists Seize Gendarmerie Truck in Ndop . 2024-05-10 . Mimi Mefo Info . en.
  31. Web site: Anglophone Crisis: Group di call for direct government and Anglophone leaders dialogue . BBC . 5 March 2018 . 8 November 2023 .
  32. Web site: Cameroon: Separatist Abuses in Anglophone Regions . HRW . 27 June 2022 . 14 June 2023 .
  33. Web site: Cameroon's Separatists Say Splinter Groups Kill, Abduct Fighters . Moki Edwin Kindzeka . VOA . 26 September 2022 . 14 June 2023 .
  34. Web site: Anglophone Crisis: Self styled General Insobu, Amba Lord of Kikaikom dies. 8 April 2022. Mimi Mefo Takambou . Mimi Mefo Info . 8 April 2022 .
  35. https://cameroonnewsagency.com/ambazonia-restoration-forces-use-nso-fon-as-prisoner-of-war-demands-release-of-amba-leaders/ Ambazonia Restoration Forces Use Nso Fon As Prisoner Of War, Demands Release Of Amba Leaders
  36. Web site: Southern Cameroons Crisis: Bui Warriors destroy Cameroon gov't military vehicles and weapons . Fon Lawrence . Cameroon Intelligence Report . 5 August 2021 . 20 April 2022 .
  37. Web site: Crise anglophone : prélats et chefs traditionnels indexés . Actu Cameroun . 17 June 2021 . 25 May 2023 .
  38. Web site: South west region must rise up- Senator Mbella Moki . Cameroon News Agency . 9 August 2023 . 9 August 2023 .
  39. Web site: Separatist leader killed in Southwest Cameroon . Joël Honoré Kouam . Africa News . 16 July 2021 . 21 May 2021 .
  40. https://www.goal.com/en-au/news/chan-2021-explosions-at-limbe-stadium-days-before-tanzania/wykggnf5tmrf1d5jsxdpchlha Chan 2021: Explosions at Limbe stadium days before Tanzania opener - Reports
  41. https://www.journalducameroun.com/en/cameroontwo-suspected-ambazonia-separatists-killed-in-restive-south-west-region/ Cameroon:Two suspected Ambazonia separatists killed in restive South West Region
  42. https://twitter.com/CMRNewsAgency/status/1393981473271726084 Twitter
  43. https://www.voanews.com/africa/cameroon-receives-first-returning-asylum-seekers-ex-separatists-nigeria Cameroon Receives First Returning Asylum-Seekers, Ex-Separatists from Nigeria
  44. https://cameroonnewsagency.com/govt-forces-kill-ambazonia-general-ayeke/ Gov’t Forces Kill Ambazonia General Ayeke
  45. https://www.journalducameroun.com/en/cameroon-notorious-separatist-fighter-general-ayeke-killed-in-lebialem/ Cameroon: Notorious separatist fighter “General” Ayeke killed in Lebialem
  46. Web site: Anglophone crisis: About 15 soldiers perish in Amba ambush in Sabga. Agence Cameroun Presse . Ariane Foguem. 17 September 2021. 23 October 2021.
  47. https://www.hrw.org/report/2018/07/19/these-killings-can-be-stopped/abuses-government-and-separatist-groups-cameroons# “These Killings Can Be Stopped” - Abuses by Government and Separatist Groups in Cameroon’s Anglophone Regions
  48. https://cameroonnewsagency.com/bui-warriors-set-conditions-for-nso-fon-to-return-to-palace/ Bui Warriors Set Conditions For Nso Fon To Return To Palace
  49. Web site: Joint military operation neutralizes key members of general “The Only Bro” . 2024-08-19 . Cameroon News Agency . en-US.
  50. Web site: Cameroon's Separatist Movement Is Going International. 13 May 2019. Gareth Browne. Foreign Policy. 26 March 2020.
  51. https://fr.africanews.com/amp/2022/07/16/cameroun-larmee-tue-un-chef-separatiste-dans-le-lebialem/ Cameroun : l'armée tue un chef séparatiste dans le Lebialem
  52. Web site: 2024-03-31 . Separatists impose 'no farming Mondays' in Meme, Ndian . 2024-03-31 . Cameroon News Agency . en.
  53. Web site: Ndian: Selfstyled general mad dog killed in military operation . 2024-04-24 . Cameroon News Agency . en.
  54. https://web.archive.org/web/20200510043829/http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2020-05/02/c_139026569.htm Cameroon's key separatist commander killed in troubled region
  55. Web site: Military kills and displays Separatist 'commander' in Bafut. 25 December 2022 . Mimi Mefo . 25 December 2022 .
  56. https://www.journalducameroun.com/en/cameroon-ambazonia-general-killed-in-matoh/ Cameroon: ‘Ambazonia General’ killed in Matoh
  57. https://www.mimimefo.com/socadef-of-matoh-introduces-new-general-and-recruits-armed-with-sophisticated-weapons/?fbclid=IwAR1mrX_4uiRYEQ7EF_571qkys45koTnC3MO61yaNZ0R8SDb0Oxu6yHp7Uds SOCADEF of Matoh introduces new General and recruits armed with sophisticated weapons
  58. https://www.voanews.com/africa/cameroons-anglophone-separatists-turn-infighting Cameroon’s Anglophone Separatists Turn to Infighting
  59. Web site: Ambazonia explosive injures soldiers, others feared dead . David Atangana . Mimi Mefo Info . 13 March 2023 . 11 November 2023 .
  60. Web site: Exclusive - "We are in a war": Cameroon unrest confronted by army offensive . Edward McAllister . Reuters . 8 February 2018 . 8 November 2023 .
  61. Web site: FM No Pity is officially ADF fighter . Mark Bareta . Bareta News . 8 January 2022 . 20 April 2022 .
  62. Web site: Insobu Dies: Why Infighting Keeps Taking Away Ambazonia Best Front Warriors . Cameroon News Agency . 2022 . 20 April 2022 .
  63. Web site: Cameroon's Rival Separatist Groups Clash, Kill Fighters . Moki Edwin Kindzeka . VOA . 16 February 2022 . 20 April 2022 .

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