List of African American suffragists explained

This is a list of African American suffragists, suffrage groups and others associated with the cause of women's suffrage in United States.

Groups

• Afro-American Protective Association (Iowa).
• Alpha Suffrage Club (Illinois).
• American Woman Suffrage Association.^[1]
• Colored Women's Equal Suffrage Club (Oregon).^[2]
• Colored Women's Independent Political League (Ohio).^[3]
• Colored Women's Suffrage Club of New York.^[4]
• Colored Women's Suffrage Club (Maryland).^[5]
• Des Moines League of Colored Women Voters, formed in 1912 (Iowa).^[6]
• El Paso Negro Woman's Civic and Enfranchisement League, started in 1918 (Texas).^[7]
• Federated Colored Women's Clubs.^[8]
• Iowa Federation of Colored Women's Clubs.^[9]
• Los Angeles Forum of Colored Women.^[10]
• National Association of Colored Women's Clubs.
• New Jersey State Federation of Colored Women's Clubs (NJSFCWC).^[11]
• Philadelphia Suffrage Association, founded in 1866 with interracial membership.
• Progressive Women's Suffrage Club (Baltimore, Maryland), (also known as the Colored Women's Suffrage Club).^[12]
• Tuskegee Women's Club (Alabama).^[13]

Suffragists

A

• Christia Adair (Texas).^[14]
• Osceola Macarthy Adams.^[15]
• Sadie Lewis Adams (Illinois).
• Teresa Adams (Iowa).^[16]
• Winona Cargile Alexander.^[17]
• Susan E. Allen (Illinois).
• Eliza Anderson.^[18]
• Naomi Anderson.^[19]
• Libbie C. Anthony (Missouri).^[20]
• Blanche Armwood (Florida).^[21]

B

• Alice Gertrude Baldwin (Delaware).^[22]
• Maria Louise Baldwin (Massachusetts).^[23]
• Janie Porter Barrett (Virginia).
• Laura Beasley (Illinois).^[24]
• Mary Beatty (Mississippi and Oregon).^[25]
• Ida M. Bowman Becks.^[26]
• Mae E. Profitt Bentley (Rhode Island).^[27]
• Ella G. Berry (Illinois).^[28]
• Mary V. Berry (Washington, D.C.).^[29]
• Kizziah J. Bills (Illinois).^[30]
• Ethel Cuff Black.^[31]
• Irene Moorman Blackstone (New York).^[32]
• Annie Walker Blackwell (Pennsylvania).^[33]
• Bonnie Thomas Bogle (Oregon).
• Rosa Dixon Bowser (Virginia).^[34]
• Rose Talliaferro Bradic (Rhode Island).^[35]
• Minnie L. Bradley (Connecticut).
• Louise Beatrice Braxton (Maryland).^[36]
• Hallie Quinn Brown (Ohio).^[37]
• Ida E. Duckett Brown (New Jersey).
• Solomon G. Brown.^[38]
• Josephine Beall Willson Bruce.
• Eva Carter Buckner (California).
• Mary E. Cary Burrell (New Jersey).^[39]
• Nannie Helen Burroughs.^[40]
• Louisa C. Hatton Crawford Butler (Washington, D.C.).^[41]
• Marian D. Butler (Washington, D.C.).^[42]

C

• Bertha Pitts Campbell.^[43]
• Susan E. Cannon Allen (Illinois).
• Jeannette Carter (Washington, D.C.).^[44]
• Augusta Theodosia Lewis Chissell (Maryland).
• Helen E. Christian (New York).
• Mary C. Clarke (Illinois).^[45]
• Carrie Williams Clifford (Ohio).^[46]
• Mattie E. Coleman (Tennessee).^[47]
• Maude B. Deering Coleman (Washington, Pennsylvania).^[48]
• Coralie Franklin Cook.
• Helen Appo Cook (Washington, D.C.).^[49]
• Anna J. Cooper.
• Fannie Wilson Cooper (Iowa).^[50]
• Henrietta Green Crawford (New Jersey).^[51]
• Ida R. Cummings (Maryland).
• Ella Cunningham (New York).^[52]
• Helen M. Curtis (New York).^[53]

D

• Ida Clark DePriest (Colorado).^[54]
• Addie Whiteman Dickerson (Pennsylvania).^[55]
• Mamie Dillard (Kansas).
• Julia Dorsey.
• Frederick Douglass.
• Virginia Hewlett Douglass.

E

• Mary E. Eato (New York).^[56]
• Elizabeth Piper Ensley.^[57]

F

• Charlotte Vandine Forten.
• Margaretta Forten (Pennsylvania).
• Nellie Griswold Francis (Minnesota).^[58]

G

• Sarah J. S. Garnet (New York).
• Irene W. Griffin (Louisiana).^[59]
• Charlotte Forten Grimké.
• Angelina Weld Grimké.

H

• Victoria Clay Haley (Missouri).
• Frances Ellen Watkins Harper.^[60]
• Lugenia Burns Hope (Georgia).

J

• Mary E. Jackson (Rhode Island).
• Anna Louise James (Connecticut).
• Verina Morton Jones (New York).

L

• Daisy Elizabeth Adams Lampkin.
• Lucy Craft Laney (Georgia).
• Adella Hunt Logan (Alabama).

M

• Victoria Earle Matthews (New York).
• Mary A. McCurdy (Indiana).
• Rosa Moorman (Ohio).^[61]
• Gertrude Bustill Mossell (Pennsylvania).

P

• Ora Brown Stokes Perry (Virginia).^[62]
• Lucy Proffitt (Rhode Island).^[63]
• Harriet Forten Purvis (Pennsylvania).
• Harriet Purvis Jr. (Pennsylvania).

R

• Sarah Parker Remond.
• Charlotte Rollin (South Carolina).
• Josephine St. Pierre Ruffin (Massachusetts).

S

• Maude Sampson (Texas).^[64]
• Mary Townsend Seymour (Connecticut).^[65]
• Mary Ann Shadd.
• Lydia C. Smith (New York).
• Rosetta Douglass Sprague.

T

• Mary Burnett Talbert (New York).
• Mary Church Terrell.
• Sojourner Truth.
• Harriet Tubman.^[66]

W

• Margaret Murray Washington (Alabama).
• Ida B. Wells (Illinois).^[67]
• Fannie Barrier Williams.
• Carrie Whalon^[68]

Y

• Estelle Hall Young (Maryland).

See also

• African-American women's suffrage movement
• List of American suffragists
• Timeline of women's suffrage in the United States
• Women's suffrage in the United States

References

Sources

• Boyd . Katherine . Partial Suffrage in Iowa: 1894 . Spring 2018 . University of Iowa .
• Book: Davis, Elizabeth Lindsay . The Story of the Illinois Federation of Colored Women's Clubs . 1922 . Chicago . Elizabeth Lindsay Davis . Hathi Trust.
• Sorenson . Mark W. . 2004 . Ahead of Their Time: A Brief History of Suffrage in Illinois . Illinois Heritage . Illinois State Historical Society . 7 . 6 . Illinois Periodicals Online.

External links

• Black suffragists

Notes and References

1. Web site: African American Women and the Nineteenth Amendment . 2023-03-22 . U.S. National Park Service . en.
2. Web site: Dublin . Thomas . Biographical Sketch of Bonnie Thomas Bogle . 2023-03-27 . Alexander Street.
3. Web site: Woman Suffrage in the Midwest . 22 March 2023 . U.S. National Park Service . en.
4. Web site: Lemen . Emily . Biographical Sketch of Helen E. Christian, 1879-1930 . 2023-03-28 . Alexander Street.
5. Web site: Novara . Elizabeth A. . Biographical Sketch of Ida R. Cummings . 2023-03-29 . Alexander Street.
6. Hoskins . Danielle . Biographical Sketch of Sue M. Wilson Brown, 1877-1941 . Biographical Database of Black Woman Suffragists . Alexander Street.
7. Web site: Letters regarding African American suffrage organization . 22 March 2023 . Bullock Texas State History Museum . en.
8. Shea . Neil . 2017 . Biographical Sketch of Victoria Clay Haley . Biographical Database of Black Women Suffragists . Alexander Street.
9. Web site: Toward A Universal Suffrage: Profiles of Courage . 2021-09-01 . Central Iowa Community Museum . en-US.
10. Web site: Smith . Sode . Biographical Sketch of Eva Carter Buckner . 2023-03-28 . Alexander Street.
11. Web site: Adams . Betty Livingston . Biographical Sketch of Ida E. Duckett Brown . 2023-03-27 . Alexander Street.
12. Web site: Loughlin . Maggie . Biographical Sketch of Augusta "Gussie" Theodosia Lewis Chissell . 2023-03-28 . Alexander Street.
13. Web site: Worthy . Shalis . The 19th Amendment and Women's Suffrage: Suffrage & Race in Alabama . 22 March 2023 . Huntsville-Madison County Public Library . en.
14. Web site: Cobbins . Quin'Nita . Biographical Sketch of Christia V. Daniels Adair . 2023-03-23 . Alexander Street.
15. Web site: Hart . Evan Elizabeth . Biographical Sketch of Osceola Macarthy Adams, 1890-1983 . 2023-03-23 . Alexander Street.
16. Web site: Hoskins . Danielle . Biographical Sketch of Teresa Adams . 2023-03-23 . Alexander Street.
17. Web site: Bowling . Jean . Biographical Sketch of Winona Cargile Alexander . 2023-03-23 . Alexander Street.
18. Web site: Wintory . Blake . Biographical Sketch of Eliza Julia (Brockett or Brackett) Shadd Anderson . 2023-03-23 . Alexander Street.
19. Web site: African American Women Leaders in the Suffrage Movement . 2023-03-22 . Turning Point Suffragist Memorial . en-US.
20. Web site: Biographical Sketch of Libbie (Libby) C. Anthony . 2023-03-23 . Alexander Street.
21. Web site: Hewitt . Nancy . Biographical Sketch of Blanche Armwood . 2023-03-23 . Alexander Street.
22. Web site: Boylan . Anne M. . Summer 2019 . Delaware Women's Suffrage Timeline . 18 November 2020 . Delaware Historical Society . League of Women Voters.
23. Web site: Maria Baldwin . 2023-03-23 . U.S. National Park Service . en.
24. Web site: Dobschuetz . Barbara . Biographical Sketch of Laura Beasley . 2023-03-23 . Alexander Street.
25. Web site: Ward . Jean M. . Mary Laurinda Jane Smith Beatty (1834–1899) . 2023-03-27 . Oregon Encyclopedia . en.
26. Web site: Dublin . Thomas . Biographical Sketch of Ida M. Bowman Becks . 2023-03-27 . Alexander Street.
27. Web site: Truppi . Lily . Cottineau . Sacha . Biographical Sketch of Mae E. Proffitt Bentley . 2023-03-27 . Alexander Street.
28. Web site: Materson . Lisa G. . Biographical Sketch of Ella G. Berry . 2023-03-27 . Alexander Street.
29. Web site: Lundquist-Wentz . Chelsea . Biographical Sketch of Mary V. Berry . 2023-03-27 . Alexander Street.
30. Web site: Thomas Wells . Brandy . Biographical Sketch of Kizziah J. Bills . 2023-03-27 . Alexander Street.
31. Web site: Boylan . Anne M. . Biographical Sketch of Ethel L. Cuff (Black) . 2023-03-29 . Alexander Street.
32. Web site: Irene Moorman Blackstone - . 2024-07-31 . Archives of Women's Political Communication . en.
33. Web site: Wilson . Linda D. . Biographical Sketch of Annie Walker Blackwell . 2023-03-27 . Alexander Street.
34. Web site: Davis . Veronica Alease . Biographical Sketch of Rosa L. Dixon Bowser . 2023-03-27 . Alexander Street.
35. Web site: Battye . Jilian . Riordan . Katherine . Biographical Sketch of Rose Talliaferro Bradic . 2023-03-27 . Alexander Street.
36. Web site: Weinstock . Rebecca F. . Biographical Sketch of Louise Beatrice Braxton . 2023-03-27 . Alexander Street.
37. Web site: Borchardt . Jackie . Balmert . Jessie . 14 June 2019 . 100 years ago Ohio ratified the 19th Amendment. Here are 6 women who made suffrage reality . 2020-09-04 . The Cincinnati Enquirer . en-US.
38. Web site: Lundquist-Wentz . Chelsea . Biography of Mrs. Julia Dorsey, 1850-1919 . 5 August 2024 . Alexander Street.
39. Web site: Livingston Adams . Betty . Biographical Sketch of Mary E. Cary Burrell . 2023-03-28 . Alexander Street.
40. Web site: Four African American Suffragists You Should Know . 2023-03-22 . National Park Foundation . en.
41. Web site: Wintory . Blake . Biographical Sketch of Louisa C. (Hatton) Crawford Butler . 2023-03-28 . Alexander Street.
42. Web site: Hart . Evan Elizabeth . Biographical Sketch of Marian D. Butler . 2023-03-28 . Alexander Street.
43. Web site: Dublin . Thomas . Biographical Sketch of Bertha Pitts Campbell . 2023-03-28 . Alexander Street.
44. Web site: Keating . James . Biographical Sketch of Jeannette Carter . 2023-03-28 . Alexander Street.
45. Web site: Wilson . Linda D. . Biographical Sketch of Mary C. Beasley Byron Clarke . 2023-03-28 . Alexander Street.
46. Web site: Murphy . Mary-Elizabeth . Biographical Sketch of Carrie Williams Clifford . 2023-03-28 . Alexander Street.
47. Web site: Walker . Kobe . Rials . Kalie . Jones . Terriana . Kanu . Maria . Biographical Sketch of Mattie E. Coleman . 2023-03-28 . Alexander Street.
48. Web site: Streeter . Carrie . Biographical Sketch of Maude B. Deering Coleman . 2023-03-28 . Alexander Street.
49. Web site: VanCour . Ciara . Biographical Sketch of Helen A. Cook . 2023-03-28 . Alexander Street.
50. Web site: Hoskins . Danielle . Biographical Sketch of Fannie Wilson Cooper . 2023-03-28 . Alexander Street.
51. Web site: Johnson . James Elton . Biographical Sketch of Henrietta Green Crawford . 2023-03-29 . Alexander Street.
52. Web site: McCune . Sarah Lirley . Biographical Sketch of Ella Cunningham . 2023-03-29 . Alexander Street.
53. Web site: Kearns . Annemarie . Biographical Sketch of Helen M. Curtis . 2023-03-29 . Alexander Street.
54. Book: Women and Work: Exploring Race, Ethnicity, and Class . Sage Publications . 1997 . 9780803950597 . Higginbotham . Elizabeth . 6: Women and Work . Thousand Oaks, CA . 220 . Romero . Mary.
55. Book: Who's who in Colored America . 1942 . Who's Who in Colored America Corporation . 157 . en.
56. Web site: Carrillo . Karen Juanita . 2022-10-20 . Plaque unveiled for African American suffragists in Brooklyn . 2023-03-22 . New York Amsterdam News . en-US.
57. Web site: Yaeger . Lynn . 2015-10-21 . The African-American Suffragists History Forgot . 2023-03-22 . Vogue . en-US.
58. News: October 20, 1918 . Women's suffrage bill . 7 August 2024 . The Nashville Globe.
59. Web site: 30 March 2012 . Irene Griffin, first black woman to register to vote in Plaquemines Parish, dies at 84 . 8 August 2024 . New Orleans Times-Picayune.
60. Web site: Five You Should Know: African American Suffragists . 2023-03-22 . National Museum of African American History and Culture . en.
61. Book: Terborg-Penn, Rosalyn . African American Women in the Struggle for the Vote, 1850-1920 . Indiana University Press . 1998 . 978-0-253-21176-7 . Bloomington, Indiana . 103 . en.
62. Web site: McDaid . Jennifer Davis . October 26, 2018 . Woman Suffrage in Virginia . Encyclopedia Virginia, Virginia Foundation for the Humanities.
63. Web site: Ramos . Emily . Szeneitas . Sophia . Biographical Sketch of Lucy Proffitt . 2023-03-27 . Alexander Street.
64. Web site: Letters regarding African American suffrage organization . 2020-08-12 . Bullock Texas State History Museum . en.
65. Web site: 2020-08-28 . What happened in Connecticut with the 19th Amendment Ratification? . 2023-07-24 . League of Women Voters . en.
66. Web site: Brown . Tammy L. . 2018-08-24 . Celebrate Women's Suffrage, but Don't Whitewash the Movement's Racism ACLU . 2023-03-22 . American Civil Liberties Union . en-US.
67. Web site: Suffragists in Illinois . 2020-10-26 . Turning Point Suffragist Memorial . en-US.
68. Book: Morgan, Anita . "We Must Be Fearless": The Woman Suffrage Movement in Indiana . 2020 . Indiana Historical Society Press . 978-0-87195-438-1 . en.