List of Abell clusters explained

The Abell catalogue is a catalogue of approximately 4,000 galaxy clusters with at least 30 members, almost complete to a redshift of z = 0.2. It was originally compiled by the American astronomer George O. Abell in 1958 using plates from POSS, and extended to the southern hemisphere by Abell, Corwin and Olowin in 1987. The name "Abell" is also commonly used as a designation for objects he compiled in a catalogue of 86 planetary nebulae in 1966. The proper designation for the galaxy clusters is ACO, as in "ACO 13", while the planetary-nebula designation is the single letter A, as in "A 39".

1–1999

ACO catalog number	Other names	Member of	Constellation	Right ascension (J2000)^[1]	Declination (J2000)	Abell richness class^[2]	Bautz–Morgan type	Notes
						2	II	ACO 13 is not to be confused with Abell 13, a planetary nebula
						1	I
			Cetus			0
			Cetus			3	II-III
			Cetus			3	III
						1	II
		Perseus–Pisces Supercluster	Between Andromeda and Triangulum			0	III
						1
			Cetus			0	II-III	Exhibits gravitational lensing. The most distant Abell object, at a redshift of 0.375.
			Eridanus			2	II-III
			Cetus			1	II-III
			Aries			2	I
	Perseus Cluster	Perseus–Pisces Supercluster	Perseus			2	II-III
			Taurus			2
						1	II-III
	Train Wreck Cluster		Orion			3	III
						0	II
						0	II
			Lynx			1	III
			Hydra			1
			Ursa Major			5	III	The only Abell cluster of richness class 5.^[3]
			Cancer			0	II-III
			Cancer			0
			Hydra			2	I-II
			Lynx
						1
			Hydra			1
						1
						1	III
	Hydra Cluster		Hydra			1	III
		Leo Supercluster
			Crater			4	I
		Leo Supercluster	Ursa Major			1	II
	Leo Cluster		Leo			2	II-III
			Between Leo and Coma Berenices			3	I	Contains an extremely large cD galaxy.
			Corvus			0	I
	Coma Cluster		Coma Berenices			2	II
			Virgo			4	II-III	One of the biggest and most massive galaxy clusters known; exhibits gravitational lensing.
			Boötes			2	I
			Virgo			0		Behind it lies a candidate for the furthest known galaxy, "Galaxy Abell 1835 IR1916", seen through gravitational lensing.
			Boötes			2	II
			Boötes			1	I

2000–4076

ACO catalog number	Other names	Member of	Constellation	Right ascension (J2000)	Declination (J2000)	Abell richness class	Bautz–Morgan type	Notes
			Virgo			2	I	Near the Serpens–Virgo border.
						0	I-II
		Corona Borealis Supercluster	Corona Borealis			1	III
		Hercules Superclusters
	Corona Borealis Cluster	Corona Borealis Supercluster	Corona Borealis			2	III
		Corona Borealis Supercluster	Corona Borealis			1	III
		Corona Borealis Supercluster	Corona Borealis
		Corona Borealis Supercluster	Corona Borealis
		Corona Borealis Supercluster	Corona Borealis
		Hercules Superclusters
			Corona Borealis			1	I
			Corona Borealis			2	II	A merger of two huge galaxy clusters.
		Hercules Superclusters	Serpens			1	III
	Hercules Cluster	Hercules Superclusters	Hercules			2	III	Major component of the Hercules Superclusters.
		Hercules Superclusters				1	III	The smaller part of the Hercules supercluster, Lx ≤ 3 x 10^44 ergs/s.^[4]
		Hercules Superclusters	Corona Borealis
			Ophiuchus			2
		Hercules Superclusters	Hercules			2	I
			Hercules			0
			Draco			4	II	Exhibits gravitational lensing.
			Ursa Minor			2	II-III
			Hercules				I	Part of the Cluster Lensing and Supernova survey with Hubble (CLASH) survey.
			Cygnus			1	II-III	Very close to, and possibly extending into, Lyra.
			Capricornus			1	II-III
			Pegasus			1
						0	II
2515			Pegasus	23h 00m 40.9s	+31° 09' 52"|3|II||-| 2589 | | | Pegasus| | | 0| I | |-| 2666 | | | | | | 0| I | |-| 2667 | | | Sculptor| | | 3| I | Exhibits strong gravitational lensing.|-| 2744 | Pandora's Cluster| | Sculptor| | | 3| III | It seems to have formed from four different clusters involved in a series of collisions over a period of some 350 million years.^[5] |-| 3128 | Shapley 20 Cluster| | | | | 3| I-II | |-| 3158 | Shapley 17 Cluster| | | | | 2| I-II | |-| 3192 | MCS/MACS J0358.8-2955| | Eridanus | | | | | Comprises such a huge amount of mass that the galaxy cluster noticeably curves spacetime around it, making it into a gravitational lens. Smaller galaxies behind the cluster appear distorted into long, warped arcs around the cluster’s edges.^[6] |-| 3266 | | Horologium Supercluster| Reticulum | | | 2| I-II | |-| 3341 | | | | | | 2| II | |-| 3363 | | | | | | 3| I | |-| 3526 | Centaurus Cluster| Hydra–Centaurus Supercluster| Centaurus| | | 0| I-II | |-| 3558 | Shapley 8 Cluster| Shapley Supercluster | | | | 4| I | |-| 3562 | | Shapley Supercluster| | | | 2| I | |-| 3565 | | Hydra–Centaurus Supercluster| | | | 1| I | |-| 3574 | | Hydra–Centaurus Supercluster| | | | 0| I | |-| 3581 | | Hydra–Centaurus Supercluster| | | | 0| I | |-| 3627 | Norma Cluster| | Norma| | | 1| I | |-| 3667 || | Pavo| | | 2| I-II| 10^15 solar masses, bright X-ray source, paired radio relics, likely result of cluster merger|-| 3677 || | Microscopium| | | | | possible member of Microscopium Supercluster |-| 3693 || | Microscopium| | | | | possible member of Microscopium Supercluster |-| 3695 | | Microscopium Supercluster| Microscopium| | | | | gravitationally bound to Abell 3696|-| 3696 | | Microscopium Supercluster| Microscopium| | | | | gravitationally bound to Abell 3695|-| 3705 || | Microscopium| | | | | possible member of Microscopium Supercluster |-| 3854 | | | | | | 3| II | |-| 4059 | | | | | | 1| I | |-|} Southern catalogue S1–S1174 ACO catalog number Other names Member of Constellation Right ascension (J2000) Declination (J2000) Abell richness class Bautz–Morgan type Notes Antlia Cluster Hydra–Centaurus Supercluster Antlia 0 I-II Centaurus 0 I-II Piscis Austrinus 2 II-III See also Lists of astronomical objects List of galaxy groups and clusters External links Abell's 1958 paper and catalog Abell, Corwin and Olowin's 1989 paper and catalog Electronic form of the Abell catalog ]

Notes and References

1. Web site: NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database . NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database (NED) . March 15, 2012 .
2. Web site: The VizieR Catalogue Service . Strasbourg Astronomical Observatory, UdS/CNRS, Strasbourg, France . March 15, 2012 .
3. Abell . George O. . George O. Abell . Corwin . Harold G. Jr. . Harold G. Corwin . Olowin . Ronald P. . Ronald P. Olowin . May 1989 . A catalog of rich clusters of galaxies . Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series . 70 . May 1989 . 1–138 . PDF . 0067-0049 . 1989ApJS...70....1A . 10.1086/191333 . March 16, 2012 . free .
4. Reichert G, Mason KO, Charles PA, Bowyer S, Lea SM, Pravdo S . Low energy X-ray emission from five galaxy cluster sources . Astrophys. J. . Aug 1981 . 247 . 803–12 . 1981ApJ...247..803R . 10.1086/159092 .
5. http://www.eso.org/public/news/eso1120/ ESO-A Galactic Crash Investigation
6. https://science.nasa.gov/missions/hubble/hubble-views-a-double-cluster-of-glowing-galaxies/ NASA: Hubble Views a Double Cluster of Glowing Galaxies