| Linyi | |
| Other Name: | Lini |
| Native Name: | 临沂市 |
| Native Name Lang: | zh-Hans |
| Settlement Type: | Prefecture-level city |
| Image Map1: | ChinaShandongLinyi.png |
| Map Caption1: | Location of Linyi City jurisdiction in Shandong |
| Pushpin Map: | China |
| Pushpin Label Position: | right |
| Pushpin Map Caption: | Location in China |
| Pushpin Mapsize: | Location ------------------> |
| Subdivision Type: | Country |
| Subdivision Name: | People's Republic of China |
| Subdivision Type1: | Province |
| Subdivision Name1: | Shandong |
| Subdivision Type2: | County-level divisions |
| Subdivision Name2: | 12 |
| Subdivision Type3: | Township-level divisions |
| Subdivision Name3: | 181 |
| Seat Type: | Municipal seat |
| Seat: | Lanshan District |
| Leader Title: | CPC Secretary |
| Leader Name: | Ren Gang (Chinese: 任刚) |
| Leader Title1: | Mayor |
| Leader Name1: | Zhang Baoliang (Chinese: 张宝亮) |
| Area Footnotes: | [1] |
| Area Total Km2: | 17192 |
| Area Urban Km2: | 2293.3 |
| Area Metro Km2: | 2293.3 |
| Elevation M: | 74 |
| Elevation Ft: | 244 |
| Population As Of: | 2020 census |
| Population Footnotes: | [2] |
| Population Total: | 11,018,365 |
| Population Density Km2: | auto |
| Population Metro: | 3,651,868 |
| Population Density Metro Km2: | auto |
| Population Urban: | 3,651,868 |
| Population Density Urban Km2: | auto |
| Demographics Type2: | GDP[3] |
| Demographics2 Title1: | Prefecture-level city |
| Demographics2 Info1: | CN¥ 472 billion US$ 71.3 billion |
| Demographics2 Title2: | Per capita |
| Demographics2 Info2: | CN¥ 44,534 US$ 6,730 |
| Timezone: | China Standard |
| Utc Offset: | +8 |
| Coor Pinpoint: | Linyi municipal government |
| Coordinates: | 35.1038°N 118.3564°W |
| Postal Code: | 276000 |
| Area Code: | 0539 |
| Blank Name: | GDP |
| Blank1 Name: | GDP per capita |
| Blank2 Name: | License Plate Prefix |
| Blank2 Info: | Chinese: 鲁Q |
| Blank3 Name: | Administrative division code |
| Blank3 Info: | 371300 |
| Iso Code: | CN-SD-13 |
| Línyí | |
| P: | Línyí |
| L: | close to the |
| Gr: | Linyi |
| Bpmf: | ㄌㄧㄣˊ ㄧˊ |
| W: | Lin2-i2 |
| Order: | st |
Linyi is a prefecture-level city in the south of Shandong province, China. As of 2011, Linyi is the largest prefecture-level city in Shandong, both by area and population, Linyi borders Rizhao to the east, Weifang to the northeast, Zibo to the north, Tai'an to the northwest, Jining to the west, Zaozhuang to the southwest, and the province of Jiangsu to the south. The name of the city Linyi (Chinese: 临沂) literally means "close to the Yi River".[4] [5]
Linyi City, referred to as Yi, the ancient name of Langya, Yizhou. It is located in the transition zone between Shandong hilly Yimeng Mountain area and Yishu River alluvial plain, and the terrain is high in the north and low in the south.[6] The three major mountain ranges of Yishan, Mengshan and Nishan are distributed in the north, with hills in the center and plains in the south. The Yi River, Shu River and Surabaya River all originate from the Yimeng Mountains and flow into the East China Sea. The municipal government is located at No.17 Beijing Road, Lanshan District. Linyi is one of the third batch of National Civilized Cities,[7] China's Outstanding Tourist Cities, China's Garden Cities, China's Hygienic Cities, China's Model Environmental Protection Cities and National Forest Cities.[8]
The city recently expanded along the Yi River to Nanfang, now called the Beicheng New Area, under the slogan "Grand Linyi, Beautiful Linyi, New Linyi". Multiple recreational parks were built, along with new school campuses etc. The development is a consequence of a series of governmental projects, including relocate the city government, which is expected to stimulate the economy.[9]
The population was 11,018,365 at the 2010 Chinese census[10],The population was 10,993,100 at the 2020 Chinese census, of which 3,651,868 lived in the built-up area made up of Lanshan District, Luozhuang District and Hedong District, as well as Linyi National Hi-Tech Zone.[11] [12]
The prefecture-level city of Linyi administers 12 county-level divisions, including three districts and nine counties.[13]
Linyi is divided into three districts and nine counties, namely Lanshan District, Nanfang District, Luozhuang District, Yinan County, Tancheng County, Yishui County, Lanling County, Feixian County, Pingyi County, Junan County, Mengyin County and Linshu County.[14]
Linyi has a history of 2400 years. It is home to many historical figures, notably Zhuge Liang and Wang Xizhi.[15] [16] In 1972, the Sun Tzu's Art of War was first discovered here,[17] [18] along with other classics on hand written bamboo slips. Sun Tzu's Art of War is currently in display at Shandong Provincial museum.[19] On July 25, 1668, an earthquake that had an estimated magnitude of 8.5,[20] occurred just northeast of Linyi, making it the largest historical earthquake in Eastern China,[21] and one of the largest in the world on land. In Linyi, no house was left standing, and black water was said to emerge from ground fissures that opened up after the earthquake.[22] In the spring of 1938, during the Second Sino-Japanese War, the city was the scene of fierce fighting between Chinese and Japanese troops.[23] The civilians were encouraged by army victory in the Battle of Tai'erzhuang, which was nearby, defended Linyi fiercely, but Japanese soldiers breached the walls on April 19, 1938. The defenders withdrew the next day to another contested area 49 kilometers away.
In 1946, during the Chinese Civil War, the CPC Directorate General of Shandong Wartime Posts was moved from the Yimeng Mountains to Linyi and renamed the Shandong Provincial Postal Administration.[24]
After the People's Republic of China was founded in October 1949, the administrative division was adjusted.[25]
In 2005, Linyi drew international attention as a center of human rights abuses related to the enforcement of China's controversial family planning policies. Following widespread allegations of violence and coercion in excess of Chinese law, local human rights defender Chen Guangcheng filed a class action lawsuit on behalf of the victims. The local Chinese courts refused to hear the case and imprisoned Chen Guangcheng on charges of fomenting state resistance.[26] Due in part to the severity and scope of these abuses Linyi has been used by activists to criticize China's violation of women's rights.[27]
Linyi is in the south of Shandong province, not far from the ports of Rizhao, Lanshan District, Rizhao and Lianyungang. It is along the G2 Beijing–Shanghai Expressway as well as the Eurasian Land Bridge. The urban area lies on mostly flat land that gives way to more rugged terrain in the west and northwest of the city's administrative area, which covers 17184km².
Linyi has a monsoon-influenced climate with generous summer precipitation, cold, dry winters, and hot, humid summers. Under the Köppen climate classification, it is in the transition from the humid subtropical zone (Cwa) to the humid continental zone (Dwa), though favouring the former. More than half of the annual precipitation of 833mm falls in July and August alone, and the frost-free period is above 200 days.
Linyi's economy is based around its wholesale markets.[28] The Linyi Wholesale City is ranked 3rd in its category in China with an annual trade volume of 40 billion RMB (~US$5 billion). The Linyi prefecture has developed more than 1,500 specialized villages, over 80 specialized towns and nearly 800 industrialized agricultural enterprises.
In 2014 the prefecture's GDP was 369 billion RMB. Main industrial products are: textiles, foodstuffs, machinery, electronics, chemicals, building materials, coal, medicines, gold and porcelain. Machinery is exported to Europe, the Americas and south-east Asia. Linyi prefecture has an annual capacity of three million tons of compound fertilizers.
The city is served by Linyi Qiyang Airport.
According to the seventh national census in 2020, the city's resident population was 11,018,400, accounting for 10.85% of the province's population, ranking first in the province. The sex ratio of the population is 104.66%, and the proportion of elderly people aged 65 and above is 14.12%. Compared with the Sixth National Census, there was an increase of 979,000 people in ten years, an increase of 9.75%, with an average annual growth rate of 0.93%, which is higher than that of the whole province and the whole country by 0.4 and 0.35 percentage points respectively. There are 3.9 million family households and 10.666 million people living in the city. The city's resident population in the municipal districts was 3.652 million, accounting for 33.14% of the city's resident population, an increase of 5.8 percentage points from 2010, while the resident population in the nine counties was 7.366 million, accounting for 66.86% of the city's resident population. The male population was 5.634 million, accounting for 51.14%; the female population was 5.384 million, accounting for 48.86%. The sex ratio of the population was 104.66, 0.41 percentage points lower than that of the whole country, and 1.28 percentage points higher than that of 2010. 2.585 million people, or 23.46%, were aged 0-14; 6.27 million, or 56.91%, were aged 15-59; and 2.163 million, or 19.63%, were aged 60 and above, with 1.555 million, or 14.6%, being aged 65 and above. The population aged 65 and above was 1.555 million, accounting for 14.12%. Compared with 2010, the proportion of the population aged 0-14 years rose by 5.33 percentage points, 5.51 and 4.68 percentage points above the national and provincial averages, while the proportion of the population aged 15-59 years fell by 10.61 percentage points.
There are 53 ethnic groups in Linyi, mainly Han Chinese, with 10,608,800 people, accounting for 99.45% of the resident population; 52 ethnic minorities, with a population of 58,300 people, accounting for 0.55% of the resident population, with the Hui ethnic group being the most numerous, with 46,800 people, accounting for 0.44% of the resident population, and other ethnic minorities, with 11,500 people, accounting for 0.11% of the resident population.
As of 2022, there are 5 more well-known hospitals in Linyi.
Linyi's focal point is the People's Square (Renmin Guangchang). It was built in the early 1990s on the site of an old army barracks. It is about east-west, and about 300m (1,000feet) north-south. Underneath it is a shopping centre and entertainment facilities.[29] [30]
Just north of the city centre is a park dedicated to Wang Xizhi, the former residence of Wang Xizhi. The former residence of Wang Xizhi is the birthplace of the great calligrapher Wang Xizhi. For a small entrance fee tourists can enjoy a pleasant walk and try Chinese calligraphy. [31]
Near the center of Linyi city is a museum which houses some original bamboo strips from the Warring States period.One of the pocket parks in Lanshan District, Linyi City, Shandong Province: Langya Garden, located on the east side of South Road at the intersection of Linxi 11th Road and Blossom River South Street, which covers an area of about 957 square meters.[32]
Linyi Water Rhythm Langya is a water recreation attraction completed in September 2022.It covers an area of more than 20,000 square feet.[33]
Linyi New Langya Nocturnal City is a commercial and cultural street to be built in Linyi around 2022. With performances and ancient buildings inside, every part of this place is a landmark in Linyi.