Lingang DRT explained

Lingang Medium Transport Volume
Alt2:Two Autonomous Rail Rapid Transit vehicles parked together in Shanghai, China
Area Served:
Transit Type:Rapid transit system
Lines:3
Line Number:Lines 1–3
Stations:26
Key People:-->
Operator:Shanghai Lingang Public Transport Company (临港公交)
System Length:47.95km (29.79miles)
Top Speed:70km/h
Map Name:System map as of 2023
Map State:collapsed

The Lingang Medium Transport Volume, also known as Lingang Digital-rail Rapid Transit (Lingang DRT), is a rapid transit system operating within Lingang in Pudong District, Shanghai, China. It started operations on 30 June 2021, and is operated by the Shanghai Lingang Public Transport Company (abbreviated in Chinese as 临港公交). The system operates as an Autonomous Rail Rapid Transit (ART) system, but conventional bus rapid transit-specification buses currently run on the system too.

The Lingang DRT is the third modern street rail system in Shanghai after the Zhangjiang and Songjiang Trams and the first ART system in the city. It is also the world's first ART to make use of digital rail-guided rubber-tired vehicles, which rely on magnetic guiding systems as opposed to other ART systems which are optically guided.[1] [2] [3]

Lines

The Lingang DRT consists of the following lines, all of which charge a flat fare of 2RMB:

History

Plans for a rapid transit system went as far back as 2012, when Sun Jianping, then-chairman of the Shanghai Municipal Transport Commission, announced plans to construct multiple modes of rapid transit systems, including Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) and trams in a number of regions, including Shanghai Corniche, Songjiang, Lingang and Hongqiao Business District.[6] A tram system within Lingang was initially announced in 2013, however there were no announcements following that.[7]

In 2016, initial plans to build a medium capacity transit system in Lingang was announced, with the ability to be converted to a large capacity system.[8] This was followed by an announcement that the system will have five lines, all of which are able to connect with Metro Line 16, totalling 82km (51miles) in May 2018, after which the number of lines was increased to six with a length of 115km (71miles) in April 2020.[9]

In July 2020, the possibility of a digital rail-guided rapid transit system was raised, and this was implemented shortly afterwards.[10] Construction for the first line, Line 1, started in August, with plans to use electricity-powered cars with the possibility of changing to hydrogen-powered ones later.[11] Line 1 began test operations on 1 January 2021, with Vice Secretary-General of Shanghai Municipal Government and Vice Director of Lingang Special Area Zhu Zhisong announcing the official departure of the first test run. Line 1 eventually opened to the public on 30 June 2021.[12]

Construction for the second line, Line 2, commenced in late 2021. Originally scheduled to start operations in the first half of 2022, the opening date was delayed due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Testing for Line 2 began in August 2022, and the line commenced operations on 28 November 2022. The vehicles used on Line 1 are powered by hydrogen, the first such line to do so. Line 2 initially ran between Dishui Lake Metro station and Shuihua Road.[13]

On 1 April 2023, operations were transferred from Lingang Rapid Transit to Lingang Public Transport . Both companies are subsidiaries of Lingang Investment Holdings Group.[14]

The routes of both lines 1 and 2 were amended on 1 July 2023. Under this amendment, Line 1 stops at additional stops, while Line 2 is now running as a loop with the terminus located at Dishui Lake station.[15] On the same day, Sunwin iEV12 electric buses of BRT specifications entered service. These buses have doors on both sides to cater to normal roadside bus stops and stops built for the system at the middle of the road.

Line 3, which was originally named line 6, began operations on 5 July 2023.

Stations

The following is a list of stations along each route of the system:

Line 1

Station NameTransferNotes
EnglishChinese
Dishui LakeChinese: 滴水湖 (Dishui Lake station)Line 2
West Huanhu Road No.3 at Lingang Avenue (Shanghai Astronomy Museum)Chinese: 环湖西三路临港大道(上海天文馆)Line 2New stop from 1 July 2023
East Shengang Avenue (Youth Activity Center)Chinese: 申港大道东(青少年活动中心)
Guzong Road (Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital East)Chinese: 古棕路(临港六院)
Meirenjiao Road (Lingang Center)Chinese: 美人蕉路(临港中心)
Shangyuan RoadChinese: 上元路
Ganlan RoadChinese: 橄榄路
Shuihua RoadChinese: 水华路New stop from 1 July 2023
Ganghui RoadChinese: 港辉路
Feidu RoadChinese: 飞渡路Line 3New stop from 1 July 2023
Yunduan RoadChinese: 云端路
Pengping RoadChinese: 彭平路
Hongyin PlazaChinese: 鸿音广场

Line 2

Station NameTransferNotes
EnglishChinese
Dishui LakeChinese: 滴水湖 (Dishui Lake station)Line 1
West Huanhu Road No.3 at Lingang Avenue (Shanghai Astronomy Museum)Chinese: 环湖西三路临港大道(上海天文馆)Line 1
East Shengang Avenue (Youth Activity Center)Chinese: 申港大道东(青少年活动中心)
Guzong Road (Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital East)Chinese: 古棕路(临港六院)
Meirenjiao Road (Lingang Center)Chinese: 美人蕉路(临港中心)
Shangyuan RoadChinese: 上元路
Shengang AvenueChinese: 申港大道New stop from 1 July 2023
Qiqing RoadChinese: 杞青路
Lingang AvenueChinese: 临港大道 (Lingang Avenue station)
Lingang Avenue at West Huanhu Road No. 3 (Shanghai Astronomy Museum)Chinese: 临港大道环湖西三路(上海天文馆)
Dishui LakeChinese: 滴水湖 (Dishui Lake station)Line 1

Line 3

Station NameTransferNotes
EnglishChinese
Feidu RoadChinese: 飞渡路Line 1
Zhengjia RoadChinese: 正嘉路At the boundary of Pudong and Fengxian districts
Xinyang HighwayChinese: 新杨公路
Xueliu RoadChinese: 雪柳路
Caoxuan RoadChinese: 草萱路

Fleet

Prior to their amendments on 1 July 2023, line 1 used electric Autonomous Rail Rapid Transit vehicles, bearing a modified version of the livery used on regular Lingang Public Transport buses, while line 2 used a hydrogen-powered vehicle with a brown livery. These vehicles are built by CRRC Nanjing Puzhen, and have three carriages with each carriage having one door on each side, totalling three doors per side. Each car has a length of 30 meters, and are capable of carrying 300 passengers, which is around the capacity of three to four regular public buses.

However, since the aforementioned date, both lines 1 and 2 have begun using Sunwin iEV12 (exact model designation: SWB6129BEV95G) buses as their fleet. These buses have doors on both sides.[16]

Line 3 uses vehicles that are similar in specifications to line 2, but with a green livery instead of brown.

Reception

The system has been noted by Shanghai media Wenhui Bao as one of the successes for the exportation of the DRT technology to foreign countries. In April 2023, CRRC Nanjing Puzhen began to produce DRT vehicles for lines 4, 5 and 6 of the Metrorrey system in Monterrey, Mexico.[17] The vehicles were unveiled on 29 October that year, and began a one year trial in Monterrey.[18] [19]

A report by Shanghai Observer in May 2023 found that vehicles on line 1 were "unusually bumpy" and slow. According to an interviewee, a trip from the town of Nicheng to Dishui Lake, which would normally take 20 minutes by car and 40 minutes by bus, instead took over one hour by taking line 1. In addition, the arrival timing display was found to be extremely inaccurate. The system has also been plagued by low ridership, with only 70 people taking one trip of line 1 at its peak, and the remaining trips averaging at less than 30 passengers. Several car lanes were converted so that they were restricted to the system only; this change of use worsened traffic around the region.[20]

During a visit to Shanghai in October 2023, Hong Kong politician Ngan Man-yu visited the Lingang DRT system. He noted that with a high capacity of 300 people, the ability to navigate mountainous terrains and remain unaffected by adverse weather conditions, a DRT system could be suitable for use on the future East Kowloon line.[21] [22]

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Ruiz . Mauricio . 2 November 2022 . China's trackless trams could revitalize city suburbs . 29 August 2023 . Travel Tomorrow . en-GB.
  2. Web site: China's First DRT Commissioned at Lingang, Shanghai . 29 August 2023 . www.shanghai-electric.com.
  3. Web site: 5 January 2021 . Lin-gang starts testing world-first digital tram line . China (Shanghai) Pilot Free Trade Zone Lingang Special Area.
  4. Web site: 19 December 2022 . 浦镇公司成功中标上海临港新片区T6线车辆采购项目 . CSR Nanjing Puzhen.
  5. Web site: 5 July 2023 . 免费体验!临港中运量3号线全线开通试运营_上观新闻 . 31 August 2023 . JFDaily Shanghai Observer.
  6. Web site: 上海拟推快速公交和有轨电车 松江等地均在规划_新闻台_中国网络电视台 . 30 August 2023 . news.cntv.cn.
  7. Web site: 9 April 2013 . 临港和世博区域或建有轨电车 . 30 August 2023 . China Youth Daily.
  8. Web site: Liyan . Yu . 22 June 2016 . 上海规划加密临港地区轨交:新增南港线,预留机场-临港线 . ThePaper.cn.
  9. Web site: 25 July 2018 . 浦东临港地区规划建设5条中运量公交线 未来都能与轨交16号线实现换乘 – 周到上海 . 30 August 2023 . www.shxwcb.com.
  10. Web site: 数字轨道电车将亮相临港 对接轨交16号线 全长21.75公里 . 30 August 2023 . People.cn.
  11. Web site: 19 August 2020 . 临港中运量T1示范线开工 . 30 August 2023 . Xinmin Evening News.
  12. Web site: Yixin . Chen . 上海临港中运量1号线首发运营,无缝衔接轨交16号线 . 30 August 2023 . ThePaper.cn.
  13. Web site: Lingang Public Transportation Official WeChat Public Account . 上海临港中运量2号线今日起全线试运营 . 31 August 2023 . Weixin Official Accounts Platform.
  14. Web site: Lingang Investment Holdings Official WeChat Public Account . 【交通】构建"交通一张网"!临港公交今日正式运营中运量公交线 . 31 August 2023 . Weixin Official Accounts Platform.
  15. Web site: Jintai Zixun (金台资讯) . 31 May 2023 . 上海浦东临港新片区这3条公交线路拟调整、新辟 . 31 August 2023 . Baidu Baijiahao.
  16. Web site: 2023-07-02 . 巴士之家 on Weibo . 2023-10-21 . Weibo.
  17. Web site: Fu . Xinxin . 2023-04-11 . 继上海临港片区成功应用后,苏州高新区智造"数轨"列车进军国际 . Wenhui Bao.
  18. Web site: 2023-11-24 . 浦镇造!"无轨之轨"列车,惊艳世界"朋友圈" . Yangzi Wanbao.
  19. Web site: 2023-10-31 . 中车CRRC先锋浦镇 (CRRC Xianfeng Puzhen) on Weibo . Weibo.
  20. Web site: Li . Si . 乘客少还占用专用车道?临港中运量频遭吐槽,记者实地探访真实情况 . 2 September 2023 . JFDaily Shanghai Observer.
  21. Web site: 2023-10-14 . 顏汶羽到上海考察浦江線APM、臨港線DRT項目 冀東九龍線可參考 . 2023-12-25 . HK01 . zh-HK.
  22. Web site: 2023-09-14 . 東九捷運研究到最後階段 顏汶羽:DRT技術成本低、不受天氣影響 . 2023-12-25 . HK01 . zh-HK.