| County: | Lincoln County |
| State: | Kansas |
| Type: | County |
| Ex Image: | Lincoln county kansas courthouse 2005.jpg |
| Ex Image Cap: | Lincoln County Courthouse in Lincoln (2005) |
| Founded: | February 26, 1867 |
| Named For: | Abraham Lincoln[1] |
| Seat Wl: | Lincoln |
| Largest City Wl: | Lincoln |
| Area Total Sq Mi: | 720 |
| Area Land Sq Mi: | 719 |
| Area Water Sq Mi: | 1.1 |
| Area Percentage: | 0.1% |
| Population As Of: | 2020 |
| Population Total: | 2939 |
| Pop Est Footnotes: | [2] |
| Pop Est As Of: | 2023 |
| Population Est: | 2920 |
| Population Density Sq Mi: | 4.1 |
| District: | 1st |
| Time Zone: | Central |
Lincoln County is a county located in the U.S. state of Kansas. Its county seat and largest city is Lincoln Center.[3] As of the 2020 census, the county population was 2,939.[4] The county was named after Abraham Lincoln, the 16th president of the United States.
See also: History of Kansas. For many millennia, the Great Plains of North America was inhabited by nomadic Native Americans. From the 16th century to 18th century, the Kingdom of France claimed ownership of large parts of North America. In 1762, after the French and Indian War, France secretly ceded New France to Spain, per the Treaty of Fontainebleau. In 1802, Spain returned most of the land to France, but keeping title to about 7,500 square miles. In 1803, most of the land for modern day Kansas was acquired by the United States from France as part of the 828,000 square mile Louisiana Purchase for 2.83 cents per acre.
In 1854, the Kansas Territory was organized, then in 1861 Kansas became the 34th U.S. state. In 1867, Lincoln County was established.
Lincoln county is among those in Kansas that are part of the depopulation of the Great Plains.
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of, of which is land and (0.1%) is water.[5]
As of the census[6] of 2000, there were 3,578 people, 1,529 households, and 1,039 families residing in the county. The population density was 5/mi2. There were 1,853 housing units at an average density of 3/mi2. The racial makeup of the county was 98.30% White, 0.11% Black or African American, 0.48% Native American, 0.11% Asian, 0.25% from other races, and 0.75% from two or more races. 1.03% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.
There were 1,529 households, out of which 27.10% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 58.10% were married couples living together, 6.40% had a female householder with no husband present, and 32.00% were non-families. 29.60% of all households were made up of individuals, and 16.40% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.29 and the average family size was 2.81.
In the county, the population was spread out, with 23.50% under the age of 18, 5.50% from 18 to 24, 22.90% from 25 to 44, 24.60% from 45 to 64, and 23.50% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 44 years. For every 100 females there were 96.20 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 92.40 males.
The median income for a household in the county was $30,893, and the median income for a family was $36,538. Males had a median income of $24,681 versus $20,000 for females. The per capita income for the county was $15,788. About 7.30% of families and 9.70% of the population were below the poverty line, including 11.70% of those under age 18 and 10.00% of those age 65 or over.
Lincoln county is heavily Republican. Lyndon B. Johnson was the last Democrat to lose the county by less than 5%, and the last democrat to win the county was Franklin D. Roosevelt back in 1936.
Following amendment to the Kansas Constitution in 1986, the county remained a prohibition, or "dry", county until 1990, when voters approved the sale of alcoholic liquor by the individual drink with a 30% food sales requirement.[7]
List of townships / incorporated cities / unincorporated communities / extinct former communities within Lincoln County.[8]
Lincoln County is divided into twenty townships. None of the cities within the county are considered governmentally independent, and all figures for the townships include those of the cities. In the following table, the population center is the largest city (or cities) included in that township's population total, if it is of a significant size.
| Township | Population center | Population | Population density /km2 (/sq mi) | Land area km2 (sq mi) | Water area km2 (sq mi) | Water % | Geographic coordinates | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Battle Creek | 04525 | 51 | 1 (1) | 93 (36) | 0 (0) | 0.37% | 39.1686°N -98.2192°W | ||
| Beaver | 05075 | 454 | 5 (13) | 93 (36) | 0 (0) | 0.03% | 39.07°N -98.1467°W | ||
| Cedron | 11500 | 47 | 1 (1) | 94 (36) | 0 (0) | 0.08% | 39.1761°N -98.4325°W | ||
| Colorado | 15000 | 340 | 4 (9) | 93 (36) | 0 (0) | 0.02% | 39.0144°N -97.9825°W | ||
| Elkhorn | 20375 | 927 | 10 (26) | 93 (36) | 0 (0) | 0.02% | 39.0267°N -98.1194°W | ||
| Franklin | 24425 | 80 | 1 (2) | 93 (36) | 0 (0) | 0.17% | 38.9297°N -98.0956°W | ||
| Golden Belt | 26800 | 67 | 1 (2) | 93 (36) | 0 (0) | 0.07% | 38.925°N -98.3089°W | ||
| Grant | 27750 | 91 | 1 (3) | 94 (36) | 0 (0) | 0.03% | 39.0892°N -98.3161°W | ||
| Hanover | 29850 | 43 | 0 (1) | 93 (36) | 0 (0) | 0.10% | 39.0958°N -98.4197°W | ||
| Highland | 31950 | 65 | 1 (2) | 92 (36) | 1 (0) | 0.64% | 38.9125°N -98.4408°W | ||
| Indiana | 34025 | 206 | 2 (6) | 93 (36) | 0 (0) | 0.06% | 39.0086°N -98.1978°W | ||
| Logan | 41925 | 67 | 1 (2) | 92 (36) | 0 (0) | 0.33% | 39.0753°N -97.9706°W | ||
| Madison | 44100 | 96 | 1 (3) | 92 (36) | 0 (0) | 0.35% | 38.9111°N -97.9908°W | ||
| Marion | 44725 | 103 | 1 (3) | 92 (35) | 0 (0) | 0.10% | 39.0742°N -98.2189°W | ||
| Orange | 52950 | 68 | 1 (2) | 93 (36) | 0 (0) | 0.14% | 39.1686°N -98.3308°W | ||
| Pleasant | 56275 | 482 | 5 (13) | 93 (36) | 0 (0) | 0.01% | 39.0036°N -98.4203°W | ||
| Salt Creek | 62800 | 61 | 1 (2) | 93 (36) | 0 (0) | 0.04% | 39.185°N -97.9933°W | ||
| Scott | 63525 | 158 | 2 (4) | 93 (36) | 0 (0) | 0.12% | 39.1808°N -98.0697°W | ||
| Valley | 72900 | 69 | 1 (2) | 93 (36) | 0 (0) | 0.26% | 38.9361°N -98.2125°W | ||
| Vesper | 73650 | 103 | 1 (3) | 95 (37) | 0 (0) | 0.04% | 39.0036°N -98.2969°W |