| Lilac | |
| Type: | Limited express |
| Status: | Operational |
| Locale: | Japan |
| Operator: | JR Hokkaido |
| Formeroperator: | JNR |
| Line Used: | Hakodate Main Line |
| Class: | Green + Ordinary |
| Stock: | 789 series EMUs |
| El: | 20 kV AC overhead |
The is a limited express train service operated by Hokkaido Railway Company (JR Hokkaido) between and in Hokkaido via the Hakodate Main Line since 4 March 2017. The Lilac train service name was also formerly used for express and limited express services operated by Japanese National Railways (JNR) and later by JR Hokkaido between 1963 and 2007.[1]
Services stop at the following stations.
Services are normally formed of six-car 789 series electric multiple unit (EMU) trains.[2] All cars are no-smoking.[2]
Up until 2007, Lilac services were normally formed of 4-car 781 series EMUs based at Sapporo. All cars were non-reserved except for car 4.[3]
The Lilac was first introduced on 1 June 1963 as an express service operating between and via . This service was discontinued from 1 October 1968 when it was merged with the Niseko express.[4]
The Lilac name was revived from 1 October 1980 as a limited express service operating between and via, replacing previous Ishikari (Sapporo - Asahikawa) limited express and Chitose (Chitose and Muroran Main Line) express services.[4]
From 1 July 1992, with the opening of, Lilac services were changed to operate between New Chitose Airport and Asahikawa via Sapporo, where trains reversed. Between Sapporo and New Chitose Airport, trains operated as the Airport rapid service. At the same time, the services to Mururan were split off to become the Suzuran limited express.[5] The Lilac services supplemented the Super White Arrow services between Sapporo and Asahikawa, which stopped at fewer stations. The Lilac services operated hourly, departing from Sapporo and Asahikawa at 30 minutes past the hour, taking 1 hour 30 minutes.[3]
Trains were repainted from the original JNR livery into a new livery based on that of the Super Tokachi between February 1992 and March 1993.[6]
Improved "u-Seat" reserved seating accommodation (rows 1 to 7) was added to half of car 4 between March and June 2001.[6]
Lilac services were discontinued from the start of the 1 October 2007 timetable revision, when they were merged and replaced together with the former Super White Arrow services to become Super Kamui services, and the 781 series EMUs were retired.[7]
From the start of the revised timetable on 4 March 2017, Lilac limited express services were reintroduced between and using six-car 789-0 series EMUs previously used on Super Hakucho services until March 2016. These services complement the Kamui services using five-car 789-1000 series EMUs.[8]