| Ligovsky canal Russian: Лиговский канал | |
| Date Began: | 1718 |
| Date Completed: | 1721 |
| Date Closed: | 1891, 1926 and 1965-1969 |
| Original Boat Length Ft: | 23 kilometers |
| Original Beam Ft: | 2-4 meters |
| Beam Note: | depth of the canal is 1-2 meters |
| Elev Ft: | 78.9 |
| Elev Note: | Difference between a mouth and a source in meter |
| Status: | 90 % closed |
The Ligovsky Canal (Russian: Ли́говский кана́л) is one of the longest canals of Saint Petersburg (Russia). Constructed in 1721, it is 23km (14miles) long. Its purpose was to supply water for the fountains of the Summer Garden. The canal delivered water from the river to ponds on the current Nekrasov Street.
The idea of constructing the canal came from the Russian tsar and reformer Peter I. He decided to decorate the Summer Garden with fountains supplied by water delivered by gravity feed. A small river, Liga (now called the Dudergofka), near (Dudergofskoye Lake), became the source of the water. The project's designer was G. Skornyakov-Pisarev, who also supervised the canal's construction.
Except for the basic function of activating the fountains, the canal was used as a water main and as a defensive boundary, protecting the capital from the southeast. The project was completed in three years, 1718–21. It is known that the canal had at least two bridges, one at Moskovsky Prospekt and one at Znamenskya Square (from a contemporary photo). Later when the Obvodny Canal was built at the beginning of the 20th century, Yamskoi Vodoprovodniy Aqueduct was built by Russian engineer Ivan Gerard. Later a bridge over was constructed. Details of its dismantling are not extant. It is probable it was demolished together with the canal and has remained underground.
The flooding of destroyed the fountains of the Summer Garden and the reason for the canal disappeared. In addition, the water in the canal became muddy and undrinkable. The canal gradually became unfit for use and was gradually filled in:
In its place, Ligovsky Avenue was laid out.
Near to a railway line the Liga canal waters go underground and come to the surface near the Krasnenkaya River. There the canal is divided into two channels: the majority of the canal waters are carried away by the Krasnenkaya River, the smaller branch goes underground and exits into the ponds of the Aviatorov Garden. The length of the remaining part is 11km (07miles).
in 1834–38 on the bank of the canal the Moscow Triumphal Gate was constructed. It was built mainly in cast iron.[1]
The filled in Ligovsky Canal became a hindrance to the subsequent construction of a metro station Ploshchad Vosstaniya - a wet stratum greatly complicated works. They were overcome, applying a caisson with an hydrochloric solution in 1950.[2]