The Lido Prize was a competition first held by the British Country Life Magazine in 1914, inviting sports enthusiasts to create a design for a golf hole. It was named after the Lido Golf Club constructed on Long Island, which was designed by Architect Charles Blaire Macdonald. He was also the sponsor of the competition.[1] [2]
Charles Blair Macdonald was born in Canada to American parents—his father was Scottish, and his mother had partial Mohawk Indian ancestry. According to George Bahto's biography Evangelist of Golf (Clock Tower Press, 2002), Macdonald grew up in Chicago and studied at St. Andrews University in Scotland from 1872 to 1874, where he learned golf under the guidance of Old Tom Morris.
In 1894, Charles Blair Macdonald competed in two national championships, finishing as the runner-up in both and sparking controversy with his critiques of the formats and rulings. His dissatisfaction played a role in the creation of the United States Golf Association (USGA) later that year, which was formed by key clubs to unify rules and oversee tournaments. The following year, the USGA conducted its first official U.S. National Championship, which Macdonald won.
Charles Blair Macdonald coined the term "golf architecture" and designed high-quality courses without charging a fee. He believed American courses were dull compared to those in the British Isles. To improve the game, he adapted strategic concepts from the best Scottish, Irish, and English links courses, known as "templates." In 1908, he began creating his "ideal golf course," the National Golf Links of America on Long Island, with surveyor-engineer Seth Raynor. Raynor, a non-golfer, grasped Macdonald's vision and introduced new construction techniques. The course opened in 1910.
In 1914, Macdonald with the help of Surveyor- Engineer Seth Raynor started building the Lido Golf Club on Long Island. During the process of designing and planning The Lido, Macdonald invited the Country Life readers and amateur architects to submit designs for inclusion in the Lido club to be judged by Bernard Darwin, Horace Hutchinson and Herbert Howler.[3] [4]
Golf Club Atlas reported that there were between 70 and 81 entries, and those were narrowed down to 16 finalists. Alister Mackenzie, a British surgeon and architect, emerged victorious, and a variation of his design was implemented as the 18th finishing hole at Lido. A.W. Edmondson secured second place, while David Maciver took third.[5] [6] [7]
When The Lido opened in 1917, it was praised as a technical marvel and one of the finest golf courses in the country. The course officially opened in 1918, incorporating not only Macdonald's template designs but also ideas from emerging architects of the time, following a design competition he sponsored.
However, The Lido faced economic challenges soon after its opening, initially due to World War I and later during the Great Depression. During World War II, the American Navy took over the land and demolished the course to construct an air base.[8] [9]
In the 1990s, interest in golf course architecture revived, leading to the formation of The MacKenzie Society in 1995 which was dedicated to celebrating the work of MacKenzie, the winner of the first competition in 1914. The MacKenzie Society (aka “The Allister MacKenzie Society”) is a non-profit corporation formed with a stated purpose of locating, identifying and protecting material relating to MacKenzie, and his work.
Early on, golf architecture writer and critic Ron Whitten informed the society about a lost manuscript by MacKenzie and suggested they search for it while also maintaining an archive of drawings, aerial photos, and other documents. He encouraged members to study MacKenzie's principles closely.
Raymond Haddock, MacKenzie's great-grandson, found the lost manuscript, "The Spirit of St Andrews", in a trunk in his house, and later it was edited and published in time for the 1995 open championship at St Andrews.
Ray Haddock provided the initial funding for the prize, The Ray Haddock Lido Prize, from book sales. Launched in 1998, the competition has seen its winners achieve notable success in golf course architecture. Both winners and finalists have demonstrated a talent for incorporating MacKenzie's design principles into their work.[10] [11]
The Ray Haddock Lido Prize is given each year by members of the Alister MacKenzie Society to commemorate MacKenzie and acknowledge the design promise of a rising architect. The recipient is invited to attend and take part in the society's annual meeting for that year.
The annual MacKenzie Society Gathering is hosted by a Member Club. Events held in odd-numbered years occur in North America, whereas those in even-numbered years are hosted outside of North America. The schedule for each event is selected to ensure the best weather conditions at the hosting club. The winners of the Ray Haddock Lido Prize are revealed in the annual gathering.
There are 15 member clubs formed The Alister MacKenzie Society. The participating Member Clubs include Alwoodley in England, Claremont and Crystal Downs in the United States, Cork and Lahinch in Ireland, Cypress Point, Green Hills, Meadow Club, Pasatiempo, and the Valley Club of Montecito in the United States, Jockey Club in Argentina, Moortown in England, Royal Melbourne in Australia, St. Charles in Canada, and Titirangi in New Zealand.
| 1998 | Todd Duguid | Arnold Palmer, Ed Seay | |
| 1999 | Lance Dickinson | Gary Player | |
| 2000 | Phil Vantier | Ben Crenshaw | |
| 2001 | Tyler Sullivan | Nick Faldo | |
| 2002 | Simon Ford | Mike DeVries | |
| 2003 | Thad Layton | Mike DeVries | |
| 2004 | Not Held | Not Held | |
| 2005 | Per Thunberg | Kyle Phillips | |
| 2006 | Jim Leigh | Don Knott | |
| 2007 | Bo Links | Ron Whitten | |
| 2008 | Bo Links | Sandy Tatum | |
| 2009 | Jeff Martz | Robert Trent Jones III | |
| 2010 | Peter Zarlengo | Thad Layton | |
| 2011 | David Hoekstra | Brian Costello | |
| 2012 | Cameron Hurdus | Forrest Richardson | |
| 2013 | William Kendall | Todd Eckenrode | |
| 2014 | Riley Johns | Jay Blasi | |
| 2015 | Clyde Johnson | Jim Urbina | |
| 2016 | Cameron Hurdus | Rees Jones | |
| 2017 | Brian Orellana | Ron Whitten, Gene Zanardi | |
| 2018 | David Hoekstra | David Dale | |
| 2019 | Cameron Hurdus | Todd Eckenrode, Gene Zanardi | |
| 2020 | Not held due to COVID-19 | Not held due to COVID-19 | |
| 2021 | Bo Links | Todd Eckenrode | |
| 2022 | Bo Links | Bruce Charlton | |
| 2023 | Craig Snyder | Tom Naccarato | |
| 2024 | Steve Turner | Jim Urbina |