| Liběchov | |
| Settlement Type: | Town |
| Subdivision Type: | Country |
| Subdivision Type1: | Region |
| Subdivision Name1: | Central Bohemian |
| Subdivision Type2: | District |
| Subdivision Name2: | Mělník |
| Pushpin Map: | Czech Republic |
| Pushpin Relief: | 1 |
| Pushpin Map Caption: | Location in the Czech Republic |
| Coordinates: | 50.4081°N 14.4467°W |
| Leader Title: | Mayor |
| Leader Name: | Vladimíra Zralíková |
| Established Title: | First mentioned |
| Established Date: | 1311 |
| Area Total Km2: | 11.78 |
| Elevation M: | 171 |
| Population As Of: | 2024-01-01 |
| Population Footnotes: | [1] |
| Population Total: | 1077 |
| Population Density Km2: | auto |
| Timezone1: | CET |
| Utc Offset1: | +1 |
| Timezone1 Dst: | CEST |
| Utc Offset1 Dst: | +2 |
| Postal Code Type: | Postal code |
| Postal Code: | 277 21 |
Liběchov (in Czech pronounced as /ˈlɪbjɛxof/; German: Liboch) is a town in Mělník District in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 1,100 inhabitants.
The village of Ješovice is an administrative part of Liběchov.
The name is derived from the personal name Luběch or Liběch, meaning "Luběch's/Liběch's (court)".[2]
Liběchov is located about 3km (02miles) north of Mělník and 32km (20miles) north of Prague. It lies on the border between the Ralsko Uplands and Jizera Table. The municipality is situtated on the right bank of the Elbe River, at its confluence with the Liběchovka Stream.
The first written mention of Liběchov is from 1311. In the early 15th century, it was owned by a branch of the lords of Dubá. From 1440, it was property of a family that called itself the lords of Liběchov. In the second half of the 16th century, Liběchov was acquired by Knight Kašpar Belvic of Nostvice. He har rebuilt the local fortress into a Renaissance residence. The settlement was depopulated as a result of the Thirty Years' War and then Germanized. Among the most notable owners of Liběchov were the noble families of Pachta (18th century) and Veith (19th century).[2]
Before World War II, half of the population were ethnic Germans and half were Czechs. As a result of the Munich Agreement, the municipality was annexed by Nazi Germany and was administered as part of the Reichsgau Sudetenland. After the war, Germans were expelled and Liběchov was resettled by Czechs.[2]
Liběchov is located on the railway line Ústí nad Labem–Lysá nad Labem.[3]
The main landmark is the Liběchov Castle. It was originally a water fortress from the 14th century, rebuilt into a Renaissance castle in the 16th century. In 1720–1730, the castle was baroque rebuilt by the architect František Maxmilián Kaňka and extended. After the fire in 1811, Neoclassical modifications were made. The castle was damaged during the 2002 European floods and has been inaccessible since then, but is surrounded by a freely accessible castle park.[2] [4]
The Church of Saint Gall was built in the Baroque style in 1738–1741.[5]
North of the town is Klácelka, an artificial cave featuring large sculptures by Václav Levý.