Lianmuqin Formation Explained

Lianmuqin Formation
Type:	Geological formation
Period:	Early Cretaceous
Prilithology:	Mudstone, siltstone
Namedfor:	Lianmuqin
Region:	Xinjiang
Coordinates:	46°N 85.8°W
Paleocoordinates:	45°N 81.9°W
Unitof:	Tugulu Group
Underlies:	Donggou & Kumutake Formations
Overlies:	Shengjinkou Formation
Thickness:	213-
Extent:	Junggar Basin

The Lianmuqin Formation,^[1] also transcribed as Lianmugin Formation,^[2] and Lianmuxin Formation,^[3] is an Early Cretaceous geologic formation composed of "interbedded red green and yellow variegated mudstones and siltstones".^{[4] [5]} Dinosaur remains have been recovered from it.^[6]

The formation is named after Lianmuqin Town in Shanshan County, Xinjiang.

Vertebrate paleofauna

Dinosaurs

Dinosaurs of the Lianmuqin Formation
Genus	Species	Location	Stratigraphic position	Material	Notes	Images
Asiatosaurus^[7]	A. mongoliensis	NW Junggar Basin
Kelmayisaurus^[8]	K. petrolicus	NW Junggar Basin		"Maxilla and dentary."^[9]
Xinjiangovenator	X. parvus	NW Junggar Basin		"Tibia [and] phalanges."^[10]	Formerly thought to be a representative of Phaedrolosaurus ilikensis.
Phaedrolosaurus	P. ilikensis	NW Junggar Basin		"tooth"^[11]
Psittacosaurus	P. xinjiangensis	NW Junggar Basin
Tugulusaurus	T. faciles	NW Junggar Basin		"Hindlimb, rib, [and a] vertebral centrum."^[12]
Wuerhosaurus	W. homheni	NW Junggar Basin		"Partial skeleton."^[13]

Pterosaurs

Pterosaurs of the Lianmuqin Formation
Genus	Species	Location	Stratigraphic position	Abundance	Notes	Images
Dsungaripteridae indet.^[14]	indeterminate	Southern Junggar Basin			Not referable to Lonchognathosaurus or Dsungaripterus; likely a new taxon.
Dsungaripterus	D. weii^[15]	NW Junggar Basin
Noripterus	N. complicidens	NW Junggar Basin
Lonchognathosaurus	L. acutirostris^[16]	Southern Junggar Basin			Possible junior synonym of Dsungaripterus weii.^[17]

Turtles

Name	Species	Location	Stratigraphic position	Abundance	Notes	Images
Dracochelys	D. bicuspis	Southern Junggar Basin			^[21]
Ordosemys	O. brinkmania	NW Junggar Basin
Wuguia	W. efremovi	Southern Junggar Basin
Xinjiangchelys	X. sp.	NW Junggar Basin

See also

• List of dinosaur-bearing rock formations
  • List of stratigraphic units with few dinosaur genera

References

Bibliography

• Book: Weishampel . David B. . David B. Weishampel . Dodson . Peter . Peter Dodson . Osmólska . Halszka . Halszka Osmólska . 2004 . The Dinosauria . 2nd . Berkeley: University of California Press . 1–880 . 2019-02-21 . 0-520-24209-2.

Notes and References

1. Web site: Re: Kelmayisaurus a carcharodontosaurid. dml.cmnh.org. 2015-01-05.
2. http://www.fossilworks.org/cgi-bin/bridge.pl?action=collectionSearch&geological_group=Tugulu&formation=Lianmugin Lianmugin Formation
3. I. G. Danilov, J. F. Parham. The type series of "Sinemys" wuerhoensis, a problematic turtle from the Lower Cretaceous of China, includes at least three taxa. 2007. Palaeontology. 50. 2. 431 . 10.1111/j.1475-4983.2006.00632.x . 2007Palgy..50..431D .
4. Lucas, Spencer G, Chinese Fossil vertebrates, Pp. 158-159, New York, Columbia University Press, .
5. Book: Chinese Fossil Vertebrates. Lucas, S.G.. 2001. Columbia University Press. 9780231084833. 158. 2015-01-05.
6. Weishampel et al., 2004, pp.517-607
7. "48.5 Xinjiang Uygur Zizhiqu, People's Republic of China; 1. Tugulu Group," in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Page 567.
8. Web site: A reassessment of Kelmayisaurus petrolicus, a large theropod dinosaur from the Early Cretaceous of China . Acta Palaeontologica Polonica . Preprint . 2011-04-28 . 2011-05-22 . https://web.archive.org/web/20110522165444/http://www.app.pan.pl/archive/published/app56/app20100125_acc.pdf .
9. "Table 4.1," in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Page 73.
10. "Table 4.1," in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Page 78.
11. Z.-M. Dong. (1973). [Dinosaurs from Wuerho]. Memoirs of the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Academic Sinica 11:45-52. [Chinese]
12. "Table 4.1," in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Page 77.
13. "Table 16.1," in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Page 345.
14. Augustin FJ, Matzke AT, Maisch MW, Csiki-Sava Z . 2021 . Pterosaur remains from the Lower Cretaceous Lianmuxin Formation (upper Tugulu Group) of the southern Junggar Basin (NW China) . Historical Biology: An International Journal of Paleobiology . 34 . 2 . 312–321 . 10.1080/08912963.2021.1910819 . 233597623 .
15. Web site: Re: The timing of stegosaur extinction. dml.cmnh.org. 2015-01-05. 2016-03-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20160303213423/http://dml.cmnh.org/2005Feb/msg00427.html.
16. Barrett, P.M., Butler, R.J., Edwards, N.P., & Milner, A.R. Pterosaur distribution in time and space: an atlas. p61-107. in Flugsaurier: Pterosaur papers in honour of Peter Wellnhofer. 2008. Hone, D.W.E., and Buffetaut, E. (eds). Zitteliana B, 28. 264pp.http://epub.ub.uni-muenchen.de/12007/1/zitteliana_2008_b28_05.pdf
17. Andres . B. . Clark, J. M. . Xing, X. . 2010 . A new rhamphorhynchid pterosaur from the Upper Jurassic of Xinjiang, China, and the phylogenetic relationships of basal pterosaurs . Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology . 30 . 1 . 163–187 . 10.1080/02724630903409220. 2010JVPal..30..163A . 53688256 .
18. C.-C. Young. (1944). On the reptilian remains from Weiyuan, Szechuan, China. Bulletin of the Geological Society of China 24(3–4):187-205
19. Z. Dong. (1973). [Cretaceous stratigraphy of Wuerho district, Dsungar Basin]. Reports of Paleontological Expedition to Sinkiang (II): Pterosaurian Fauna from Wuerho, Sinkiang. Memoirs of the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Academia Sinica 11:1-7
20. A revision of Edentosuchus tienshanensis Young from the Tugulu Group of Xinjiang Autonomous Region. Jinling Li. Vertebrata PalAsiatica. 23. 3. July 1985. 196–206. 2015-01-05.
21. Zheng . Daran . Chang . Su-Chin . Ramezani . Jahandar . Xu . Xing . Xu . Honghe . Wang . He . Pei . Rui . Fang . Yanan . Wang . Jun . Wang . Bo . Zhang . Haichun . 2023-05-10 . Calibrating the Early Cretaceous Urho Pterosaur Fauna in Junggar Basin and implications for the evolution of the Jehol Biota . Geological Society of America Bulletin . 10.1130/b36795.1 . 0016-7606.