| Lewis B. Schwellenbach | |
| Office: | 5th United States Secretary of Labor |
| Term Start: | July 1, 1945 |
| Term End: | June 10, 1948 |
| President: | Harry S. Truman |
| Predecessor: | Frances Perkins |
| Successor: | Maurice J. Tobin |
| Office1: | Judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Washington |
| Term Start1: | November 20, 1940 |
| Term End1: | June 30, 1945 |
| Appointer1: | Franklin D. Roosevelt |
| Predecessor1: | J. Stanley Webster |
| Successor1: | Samuel Marion Driver |
| Jr/Sr2: | United States Senator |
| State2: | Washington |
| Term Start2: | January 3, 1935 |
| Term End2: | December 16, 1940 |
| Predecessor2: | Clarence Dill |
| Successor2: | Monrad Wallgren |
| Birth Name: | Lewis Baxter Schwellenbach |
| Birth Date: | 20 September 1894 |
| Birth Place: | Superior, Wisconsin |
| Death Place: | Washington, D.C. |
| Resting Place: | Washelli Cemetery Seattle, Washington |
| Party: | Democratic |
| Spouse: | Anne Duffy (1935–1948) |
| Education: | University of Washington (LLB) |
| Branch: | United States Army |
| Unit: | 12th Infantry Regiment, 8th Infantry Division |
| Rank: | Corporal |
| Serviceyears: | 1918-1919 |
| Battles: | World War I |
Lewis Baxter Schwellenbach (September 20, 1894 – June 10, 1948) was a United States senator from Washington, a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Washington and the 5th United States Secretary of Labor.
Born on September 20, 1894, in Superior, Douglas County, Wisconsin, Schwellenbach moved to Spokane, Washington with his parents in 1902, attending the Spokane elementary and high schools. He received a Bachelor of Laws in 1917 from the University of Washington School of Law. He was an assistant instructor at the University of Washington from 1916 to 1917.
Schwellenbach entered service during World War I as a Private in the 12th Infantry Regiment of the United States Army in 1918 until his discharge as a corporal in 1919. He was admitted to the bar and practiced in Seattle, Washington from 1919 to 1935. Schwellenbach served as state commander of the American Legion[1] and president of the University of Washington's alumni association,[2] and was a delegate to numerous county and state conventions.[3] [4] His prominence as a result of these leadership roles caused the Democratic Party to consider him for state offices including attorney general and governor.[5] He was an unsuccessful candidate for nomination for Governor of Washington in 1932.[6]
Schwellenbach was elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate and served from January 3, 1935, to December 16, 1940, when he resigned. He was not a candidate for renomination in 1940, having been appointed to the federal bench. He was a delegate to the Inter-Parliamentary Union at The Hague, Netherlands in 1938.
Schwellenbach was nominated by President Franklin D. Roosevelt on May 6, 1940, to a seat on the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Washington vacated by Judge J. Stanley Webster. He was confirmed by the United States Senate on May 6, 1940, and received his commission on November 20, 1940. His service terminated on June 30, 1945, due to his resignation to become Secretary of Labor.[6]
Schwellenbach was appointed United States Secretary of Labor by President Harry S. Truman and served from July 1, 1945, until his death in Walter Reed Army Medical Center in Washington, D.C., on June 10, 1948.[6] [7] He was interred in Washelli Cemetery in Seattle.
During Schwellenbach's tenure as Secretary, fear of post-war unemployment brought the United States Congress to pass the Employment Act of 1946, which made promotion of maximum employment the Nation's top priority. Schwellenbach promoted abolition of wartime wage and price controls. He had to deal with a post-war wave of strikes. The Republican 80th United States Congress passed the Taft–Hartley Act. Staff cuts were made at the United States Department of Labor. The U.S. Conciliation Service was removed from the Department of Labor and established as the independent Federal Mediation and Conciliation Service (FMCS). During his term, the Department's international work was institutionalized; the Office of International Labor Affairs (now the Bureau of International Labor Affairs) was established as a unit in the Office of the Secretary.[7]
Schwellenbach's brother, Edgar W. Schwellenbach, served as a Justice of the Washington Supreme Court.[8]
He married Anne Duffy in 1935 and they remained together until his death in 1948.[9] [10]
Schwellenbach died on June 10, 1948. He was buried at Washelli Cemetery in Seattle.