Leviton (quasiparticle) explained

A leviton is a collective excitation of a single electron within a metal.^{[1] [2] [3] [4]} It has been mostly studied in two-dimensional electron gases alongside quantum point contacts. The main feature is that the excitation produces an electron pulse without the creation of electron holes. The time-dependence of the pulse is described by a Lorentzian distribution created by a pulsed electric potential.

Levitons have also been described in graphene.^{[5] [6]}

The leviton is named after Leonid Levitov, who first predicted its existence in 1996.

Notes and References

1. Web site: New 'leviton' quasiparticle spotted by physicists . 24 October 2013 . physicsworld.com . 2013-11-27.
2. Minimal-excitation states for electron quantum optics using levitons. 31 October 2013. Nature. 502. 7473. 659–663. 10.1038/nature12713. 24153178. 2013Natur.502..659D. Dubois. J.. Jullien. T.. Portier. F.. Roche. P.. Cavanna. A.. Jin. Y.. Wegscheider. W.. Roulleau. P.. Glattli. D. C.. 4459552 .
3. Web site: Researchers produce the first experimental pulse-generation of a single electron—a leviton . Phys.org . 2013-11-27.
4. Web site: Francis . Matthew . New type of quantum excitation behaves like a solitary particle . Ars Technica . 2013-10-23 . 2023-03-14.
5. May 13, 2014. Graphene levitons and anti-levitons in magnetic fields. Nanoscale. 6. 13. 7594–7603. 2014Nanos...6.7594F. 10.1039/C4NR00754A. 24893578. Forrester. Derek Michael. Kusmartsev. Feodor V.. free.
6. 1 January 2015. Confinement effects of levitons in a graphene cosmology laboratory. RSC Advances. 5. 7. 5442–5449. 10.1039/C4RA11227J. Forrester. Derek Michael. free.