Upsilon Scorpii Explained

Upsilon Scorpii (υ Scorpii, abbreviated Upsilon Sco, υ Sco), formally named Lesath,[1] is a star located in the "stinger" of the southern zodiac constellation of Scorpius, the scorpion. Based on parallax measurements obtained during the Hipparcos mission, it is approximately 580 light-years from the Sun. In the night sky it lies near the 1.6 magnitude star Lambda Scorpii, and the two form an optical pair that is sometimes called the "Cat's Eyes".

Nomenclature

υ Scorpii (Latinised to Upsilon Scorpii) is the star's Bayer designation.

It bore the traditional name Lesath (alternatively spelled Leschath, Lesuth), from the Arabic las'a "pass (or bite) of a poisonous animal"; but this is a miscorrection by Scaliger (a European astronomer who knew Arabic) for earlier "Alascha", which came from Arabic al laţkha "the foggy patch", referring to the nearby open cluster M7. In 2016, the International Astronomical Union organized a Working Group on Star Names (WGSN) to catalogue and standardize proper names for stars. The WGSN approved the name Lesath for this star on 21 August 2016 and it is now so included in the List of IAU-approved Star Names.[1]

Together with Lambda Scorpii (Shaula), Lesath is listed in the Babylonian compendium MUL.APIN as dSharur4 u dShargaz, meaning "Sharur and Shargaz". In Coptic, they were called Minamref[2] The indigenous Boorong people of northwestern Victoria named it as Karik Karik (together with Lambda Scorpii),[3] "the Falcons"[4]

In Chinese, Chinese: 尾宿 (Chinese: Wěi Xiù), meaning Tail, refers to an asterism consisting of Upsilon, Mu1, Epsilon, Zeta1, Zeta2, Eta, Theta, Iota1, Iota2, Kappa, and Lambda Scorpii.[5] Consequently, the Chinese name for Upsilon Scorpii itself is Chinese: 尾宿九 (Chinese: Wěi Xiù jiǔ), "the Ninth Star of Tail".[6]

Namesake

USS Lesuth (AK-125) was a United States Navy Crater class cargo ship named after the star.

Properties

This star has apparent magnitude +2.7 and belongs to spectral class B2 IV, with the luminosity class of 'IV' indicating it is a subgiant star. The star's luminosity is 12,300 times that of the Sun, while its surface temperature is 22,831 kelvins. The star has a radius of 6.1 times solar and 11 times the mass of the Sun.

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Naming Stars . IAU.org . 18 June 2018.
  2. Book: Robert Burnham. Burnham's Celestial Handbook: An Observer's Guide to the Universe Beyond the Solar System. 3. 1978. Dover Publication, Inc.. New York. 978-0-486-23673-5. 1678.
  3. Hamacher, Duane W.. Frew, David J. . 2010. An Aboriginal Australian Record of the Great Eruption of Eta Carinae. Journal of Astronomical History & Heritage . 13. 3. 220–34. 10.3724/SP.J.1440-2807.2010.03.06 . 1010.4610 . 2010JAHH...13..220H . 118454721 .
  4. Stanbridge, WM. 1857. On the Astronomy and Mythology of the Aboriginies of Victoria. Transactions Philosophical Institute Victoria. 2. 137–140. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20130602055546/http://www.atnf.csiro.au/research/AboriginalAstronomy/literature/Stanbridge1857.pdf. 2013-06-02.
  5. 中國星座神話, written by 陳久金. Published by 台灣書房出版有限公司, 2005, .
  6. 香港太空館 - 研究資源 - 亮星中英對照表, Hong Kong Space Museum. Accessed on line November 23, 2010.