Lesion network mapping explained

Lesion network mapping is a neuroimaging technique that analyzes the connectivity pattern of brain lesions to identify neuroanatomic correlates of symptoms.[1] [2] [3] The technique was developed by Michael D. Fox and Aaron Boes to understand the network anatomy of lesion induced neurologic and psychiatric symptoms that can not be explained by focal anatomic localization.[4] [5] Lesion network mapping applies a network-based approach to identify connected brain networks, rather than focal brain regions, that correlate with a specific symptom.

In focal neuroanatomic localization, developed by Paul Broca and others, specific symptoms that occur due to brain lesions can be understood by identifying a specific brain region that is injured by lesions to establish brain-symptom relationships. However, a number of neurologic symptoms, such as peduncular hallucinosis, are not amenable to this approach since the lesions associated with the symptom do not map to one focal brain location. Lesion network mapping helps to explain these lesion-induced syndromes by showing that lesion locations associated with a given symptom all map to a shared brain network even if they do not all map to a focal brain region. The technique maps the location of lesions associated with a specific symptom and analyzes the connectivity pattern of the lesions compared to large, standardized human brain atlases. While initially developed using resting-state fMRIs such as the Human Connectome Project, the technique has been expanded to include large structural network atlases.[6] Software tools for that facilitate lesion network mapping exist within the Lead-DBS framework,[7] which is also used for a related technique, DBS network mapping.

Lesion network mapping has helped map the network anatomy of numerous rare neurologic syndromes (peduncular hallucinosis, delusional misidentification,[8] reduplicative paramensia,[9] akinetic mutism,[10] blindsight,[11] visual anosognosia[12]), common neurologic syndromes (seizures,[13] aphasia,[14] amnesia,[15] parkinsonism,[16] topographical disorientation[17]), psychiatric syndromes[18] (depression,[19] [20] mania[21]), as well as complex human behaviors (religiosity,[22] consciousness,[23] [24] free will, criminality,[25] addiction[26]). The technique has been successfully applied to a broad range of diseases and lesion types including lesions due to stroke, traumatic brain injury, tuberous sclerosis[27] [28] and multiple sclerosis.[29] [30] The technique has been broadened to map the connectivity of locations from transcranial magnetic stimulation and deep brain stimulation[31] sites to understand treatment responsiveness.

Research findings based on lesion network mapping have been reported in the New York Times,[32] Scientific American[33] and USA Today[34] and the term has been included in the New England Journal of Medicine's general medical glossary.[3]

Notes and References

  1. Boes . Aaron D. . Prasad . Sashank . Liu . Hesheng . Liu . Qi . Pascual-Leone . Alvaro . Caviness . Verne S. . Fox . Michael D. . October 2015 . Network localization of neurological symptoms from focal brain lesions . Brain: A Journal of Neurology . 138 . Pt 10 . 3061–3075 . 10.1093/brain/awv228 . 1460-2156 . 4671478 . 26264514.
  2. Fox . Michael D. . 2018-12-06 . Mapping Symptoms to Brain Networks with the Human Connectome . New England Journal of Medicine . en . 379 . 23 . 2237–2245 . 10.1056/NEJMra1706158 . 30575457 . 58666837 . 0028-4793.
  3. Web site: NEJM . Illustrated Glossary - NEJM . 2023-08-18 . New England Journal of Medicine . English.
  4. Joutsa . Juho . Corp . Daniel T. . Fox . Michael D. . 2022-08-01 . Lesion network mapping for symptom localization: recent developments and future directions . Current Opinion in Neurology . 35 . 4 . 453–459 . 10.1097/WCO.0000000000001085 . 1473-6551 . 9724189 . 35788098.
  5. Nabizadeh . Fardin . Aarabi . Mohammad Hadi . 2023-06-30 . Functional and structural lesion network mapping in neurological and psychiatric disorders: a systematic review . Frontiers in Neurology . 14 . 10.3389/fneur.2023.1100067 . 1664-2295 . 10349201 . 37456650 . free .
  6. Bowren . Mark . Bruss . Joel . Manzel . Kenneth . Edwards . Dylan . Liu . Charles . Corbetta . Maurizio . Tranel . Daniel . Boes . Aaron D. . 2022-05-24 . Post-stroke outcomes predicted from multivariate lesion-behaviour and lesion network mapping . Brain: A Journal of Neurology . 145 . 4 . 1338–1353 . 10.1093/brain/awac010 . 1460-2156 . 9630711 . 35025994.
  7. Bowren . Mark . Bruss . Joel . Manzel . Kenneth . Edwards . Dylan . Liu . Charles . Corbetta . Maurizio . Tranel . Daniel . Boes . Aaron D . 2022-05-24 . Post-stroke outcomes predicted from multivariate lesion-behaviour and lesion network mapping . Brain . en . 145 . 4 . 1338–1353 . 10.1093/brain/awac010 . 0006-8950 . 9630711 . 35025994.
  8. Darby . R. Ryan . Laganiere . Simon . Pascual-Leone . Alvaro . Prasad . Sashank . Fox . Michael D. . February 2017 . Finding the imposter: brain connectivity of lesions causing delusional misidentifications . Brain: A Journal of Neurology . 140 . 2 . 497–507 . 10.1093/brain/aww288 . 1460-2156 . 5278302 . 28082298.
  9. Diamantaras . A. A. . Blondiaux . E. . Schumacher . R. . Müri . R. M. . Blanke . O. . Heydrich . L. . 2023-07-10 . The neuropsychology and neuroanatomy of reduplicative paramnesia . Cortex; A Journal Devoted to the Study of the Nervous System and Behavior . 167 . 12–24 . 10.1016/j.cortex.2023.06.006 . 1973-8102 . 37515831. free .
  10. Darby . R. Ryan . Joutsa . Juho . Burke . Matthew J. . Fox . Michael D. . 2018-10-16 . Lesion network localization of free will . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America . 115 . 42 . 10792–10797 . 10.1073/pnas.1814117115 . 1091-6490 . 6196503 . 30275309 . 2018PNAS..11510792D . free .
  11. Kletenik . Isaiah . Ferguson . Michael A. . Bateman . James R. . Cohen . Alexander L. . Lin . Christopher . Tetreault . Aaron . Pelak . Victoria S. . Anderson . Clark Alan . Prasad . Sashank . Darby . Richard Ryan . Fox . Michael D. . February 2022 . Network Localization of Unconscious Visual Perception in Blindsight . Annals of Neurology . 91 . 2 . 217–224 . 10.1002/ana.26292 . 1531-8249 . 10013845 . 34961965.
  12. Kletenik . Isaiah . Gaudet . Kyla . Prasad . Sashank . Cohen . Alexander L. . Fox . Michael D. . 2023-06-08 . Network Localization of Awareness in Visual and Motor Anosognosia . Annals of Neurology . 94 . 3 . 434–441 . 10.1002/ana.26709 . 1531-8249 . 37289520. 259119253 . free . 10524951 . September 1, 2024 .
  13. Schaper . Frederic L. W. V. J. . Nordberg . Janne . Cohen . Alexander L. . Lin . Christopher . Hsu . Joey . Horn . Andreas . Ferguson . Michael A. . Siddiqi . Shan H. . Drew . William . Soussand . Louis . Winkler . Anderson M. . Simó . Marta . Bruna . Jordi . Rheims . Sylvain . Guenot . Marc . 2023-07-03 . Mapping Lesion-Related Epilepsy to a Human Brain Network . JAMA Neurology . 80 . 9 . 891–902 . en . 10.1001/jamaneurol.2023.1988 . 2168-6149 . 10318550 . 37399040.
  14. Wawrzyniak . Max . Schneider . Hans R. . Klingbeil . Julian . Stockert . Anika . Hartwigsen . Gesa . Weiller . Cornelius . Saur . Dorothee . 2022-05-01 . Resolution of diaschisis contributes to early recovery from post-stroke aphasia . NeuroImage . 251 . 119001 . 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2022.119001 . 1095-9572 . 35172200. free .
  15. Ferguson . Michael A. . Lim . Chun . Cooke . Danielle . Darby . R. Ryan . Wu . Ona . Rost . Natalia S. . Corbetta . Maurizio . Grafman . Jordan . Fox . Michael D. . 2019-08-02 . A human memory circuit derived from brain lesions causing amnesia . Nature Communications . en . 10 . 1 . 3497 . 10.1038/s41467-019-11353-z . 2041-1723 . 6677746 . 31375668. 2019NatCo..10.3497F .
  16. Joutsa . Juho . Horn . Andreas . Hsu . Joey . Fox . Michael D. . 2018-08-01 . Localizing parkinsonism based on focal brain lesions . Brain: A Journal of Neurology . 141 . 8 . 2445–2456 . 10.1093/brain/awy161 . 1460-2156 . 6061866 . 29982424.
  17. Roseman . Moshe . Elias . Uri . Kletenik . Isaiah . Ferguson . Michael A. . Fox . Michael D. . Horowitz . Zalman . Marshall . Gad A. . Spiers . Hugo J. . Arzy . Shahar . 2023-12-13 . A neural circuit for spatial orientation derived from brain lesions . Cerebral Cortex . 34 . 1 . bhad486 . 10.1093/cercor/bhad486 . 1460-2199 . 38100330. 10793567 . December 13, 2024 .
  18. Taylor . Joseph J. . Lin . Christopher . Talmasov . Daniel . Ferguson . Michael A. . Schaper . Frederic L. W. V. J. . Jiang . Jing . Goodkind . Madeleine . Grafman . Jordan . Etkin . Amit . Siddiqi . Shan H. . Fox . Michael D. . March 2023 . A transdiagnostic network for psychiatric illness derived from atrophy and lesions . Nature Human Behaviour . 7 . 3 . 420–429 . 10.1038/s41562-022-01501-9 . 2397-3374 . 10236501 . 36635585 .
  19. Padmanabhan . Jaya L. . Cooke . Danielle . Joutsa . Juho . Siddiqi . Shan H. . Ferguson . Michael . Darby . R. Ryan . Soussand . Louis . Horn . Andreas . Kim . Na Young . Voss . Joel L. . Naidech . Andrew M. . Brodtmann . Amy . Egorova . Natalia . Gozzi . Sophia . Phan . Thanh G. . 2019-11-15 . A Human Depression Circuit Derived From Focal Brain Lesions . Biological Psychiatry . 86 . 10 . 749–758 . 10.1016/j.biopsych.2019.07.023 . 1873-2402 . 7531583 . 31561861.
  20. Siddiqi . Shan H. . Schaper . Frederic L. W. V. J. . Horn . Andreas . Hsu . Joey . Padmanabhan . Jaya L. . Brodtmann . Amy . Cash . Robin F. H. . Corbetta . Maurizio . Choi . Ki Sueng . Dougherty . Darin D. . Egorova . Natalia . Fitzgerald . Paul B. . George . Mark S. . Gozzi . Sophia A. . Irmen . Frederike . 2021-07-08 . Brain stimulation and brain lesions converge on common causal circuits in neuropsychiatric disease . Nature Human Behaviour . en . 5 . 12 . 1707–1716 . 10.1038/s41562-021-01161-1 . 2397-3374 . 8688172 . 34239076. 11577/3398294 .
  21. Cotovio . Gonçalo . Talmasov . Daniel . Barahona-Corrêa . J. Bernardo . Hsu . Joey . Senova . Suhan . Ribeiro . Ricardo . Soussand . Louis . Velosa . Ana . Silva . Vera Cruz E. . Rost . Natalia . Wu . Ona . Cohen . Alexander L. . Oliveira-Maia . Albino J. . Fox . Michael D. . 2020-10-01 . Mapping mania symptoms based on focal brain damage . The Journal of Clinical Investigation . 130 . 10 . 5209–5222 . 10.1172/JCI136096 . 1558-8238 . 7524493 . 32831292.
  22. Ferguson . Michael A. . Schaper . Frederic L. W. V. J. . Cohen . Alexander . Siddiqi . Shan . Merrill . Sarah M. . Nielsen . Jared A. . Grafman . Jordan . Urgesi . Cosimo . Fabbro . Franco . Fox . Michael D. . 2022-02-15 . A Neural Circuit for Spirituality and Religiosity Derived From Patients With Brain Lesions . Biological Psychiatry . 91 . 4 . 380–388 . 10.1016/j.biopsych.2021.06.016 . 1873-2402 . 8714871 . 34454698.
  23. Fischer . David B. . Boes . Aaron D. . Demertzi . Athena . Evrard . Henry C. . Laureys . Steven . Edlow . Brian L. . Liu . Hesheng . Saper . Clifford B. . Pascual-Leone . Alvaro . Fox . Michael D. . Geerling . Joel C. . 2016-12-06 . A human brain network derived from coma-causing brainstem lesions . Neurology . 87 . 23 . 2427–2434 . 10.1212/WNL.0000000000003404 . 1526-632X . 5177681 . 27815400.
  24. Snider . Samuel B. . Hsu . Joey . Darby . R. Ryan . Cooke . Danielle . Fischer . David . Cohen . Alexander L. . Grafman . Jordan H. . Fox . Michael D. . 2020-04-15 . Cortical lesions causing loss of consciousness are anticorrelated with the dorsal brainstem . Human Brain Mapping . 41 . 6 . 1520–1531 . 10.1002/hbm.24892 . 1097-0193 . 7268053 . 31904898.
  25. Darby . R. Ryan . Horn . Andreas . Cushman . Fiery . Fox . Michael D. . 2018-01-16 . Lesion network localization of criminal behavior . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences . en . 115 . 3 . 601–606 . 10.1073/pnas.1706587115 . 0027-8424 . 5776958 . 29255017 . 2018PNAS..115..601D . free .
  26. Joutsa . Juho . Moussawi . Khaled . Siddiqi . Shan H. . Abdolahi . Amir . Drew . William . Cohen . Alexander L. . Ross . Thomas J. . Deshpande . Harshawardhan U. . Wang . Henry Z. . Bruss . Joel . Stein . Elliot A. . Volkow . Nora D. . Grafman . Jordan H. . van Wijngaarden . Edwin . Boes . Aaron D. . June 2022 . Brain lesions disrupting addiction map to a common human brain circuit . Nature Medicine . en . 28 . 6 . 1249–1255 . 10.1038/s41591-022-01834-y . 1078-8956 . 9205767 . 35697842.
  27. Cohen . Alexander L. . Mulder . Brechtje P. F. . Prohl . Anna K. . Soussand . Louis . Davis . Peter . Kroeck . Mallory R. . McManus . Peter . Gholipour . Ali . Scherrer . Benoit . Bebin . E. Martina . Wu . Joyce Y. . Northrup . Hope . Krueger . Darcy A. . Sahin . Mustafa . Warfield . Simon K. . April 2021 . Tuber Locations Associated with Infantile Spasms Map to a Common Brain Network . Annals of Neurology . en . 89 . 4 . 726–739 . 10.1002/ana.26015 . 0364-5134 . 7969435 . 33410532.
  28. Cohen . Alexander L. . Kroeck . Mallory R. . Wall . Juliana . McManus . Peter . Ovchinnikova . Arina . Sahin . Mustafa . Krueger . Darcy A. . Bebin . E. Martina . Northrup . Hope . Wu . Joyce Y. . Warfield . Simon K. . Peters . Jurriaan M. . Fox . Michael D. . the Tuberous Sclerosis Complex Autism Center of Excellence Network Study Group . March 2023 . Tubers Affecting the Fusiform Face Area Are Associated with Autism Diagnosis . Annals of Neurology . en . 93 . 3 . 577–590 . 10.1002/ana.26551 . 0364-5134 . 9974824 . 36394118 .
  29. Kletenik . Isaiah . Cohen . Alexander L. . Glanz . Bonnie I. . Ferguson . Michael A. . Tauhid . Shahamat . Li . Jing . Drew . William . Polgar-Turcsanyi . Mariann . Palotai . Miklos . Siddiqi . Shan H. . Marshall . Gad A. . Chitnis . Tanuja . Guttmann . Charles R. G. . Bakshi . Rohit . Fox . Michael D. . 2023-08-02 . Multiple sclerosis lesions that impair memory map to a connected memory circuit . Journal of Neurology . 270 . 11 . 5211–5222 . 10.1007/s00415-023-11907-8 . 1432-1459 . 37532802. 10592111 . November 1, 2024 . 260433348 .
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  32. News: Mueller . Benjamin . 2022-06-13 . They Were Cigarette Smokers. Then a Stroke Vanquished Their Addiction. . en-US . The New York Times . 2023-08-18 . 0362-4331.
  33. Web site: Gholipour . Bahar . How Brain Injuries Deprive People of a Sense of Free Will . 2023-08-18 . Scientific American . January 2019 . en.
  34. Web site: Spirituality and sense of awe seem to be hard-wired into our brains, researchers find . 2023-08-18 . USA TODAY . en-US.

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