Lenin Raghuvanshi Explained

Lenin Raghuvanshi
Native Name:लेनिन रघुवंशी
Birth Date:18 May 1970
Birth Place:Varanasi, India
Nationality:Indian
Citizenship:Indian
Other Names:संजय
Known For:People's Vigilance Committee on Human Rights (PVCHR)
Education:Bachelor degree in Ayurveda, Modern Medicine and Surgery (1994)
Alma Mater:State College for Ayurveda and Medicine, Gurukul Kangari, Haridwar
Occupation:Social activist
Dr
Partner:Shruti Nagvanshi
Children:Kabeer Karunik
Parents:Surendra Nath Singh (Father)
Late Shrimati Savitri Devi(Mother)
Awards:M.A. Thomas National Human Rights Award 2016,Karamveer Award 2012, Human Rights Award of the city of Weimar (2010), Gwangju Human Rights Award (2007), ACHA Peace Star Award
Signature:Official Signature of Lenin Raghuvanshi.jpg
Website:


Lenin Raghuvanshi is an Indian Dalit rights activist, political thinker and social entrepreneur.[1] He is one of the founding members of People's Vigilance Committee on Human Rights (PVCHR),[2] which works for the upliftment of the marginalised sections of the society.[3] [4] His work has been recognized with awards like Gwangju Human Rights Award (2007),[5] the ACHA Star Peace award (2008),[6] the International Human Rights Prize of the city of Weimar (2010),[7] [8] Special Mentions Prize of Human Rights of The French Republic (2018),[9] [10] Public Peace Prize(2018)[11] [12] and Karmaveer Maharatna Award (2019).[13] [14] [15] He nominated for the Nobel Peace Prize for his efforts to combat masculinity driven militarist traditions, for his contribution to bettering conditions for peace in world and for acting as a driving force in efforts to prevent the use of masculinity driven militarist traditions as a weapon of war and conflict.[16] [17] [18] His childhood learning on hegemonic masculinity has been acknowledged by film actor Aamir Khan and he has been invited to participate in Satyamev Jayate TV series, a TV show hosted by Aamir Khan that discussed issue of violence and hegemonic masculinity that went on air in 2014.[19]

Personal life

Lenin Raghuvanshi was born in a higher caste Hindu family, to Surendra Nath Singh and Shrimati Savitri Devi, on 18 May 1970.[20] His grandfather Shanti Kumar Singh, was a Gandhian freedom fighter.[21] He did his bachelor's course in Ayurveda, Modern Medicine and Surgery from the State Ayurvedic Medical College, Gurukul Kangari, Haridwar in 1994. Lenin married Shruti Nagvanshi,a famous social activist[22] [23] on 22 February 1992 and has a son, Kabeer Karunik,[24] who is national level snooker player.[25] Both he and Shruti are converts to Buddhism.

Initial years

From the beginning, Raghuvanshi was averse to the caste system. He refers to his higher caste Hindu upbringing as "feudal".[26] This sprung the seed of social activism in him. He became the president of the Uttar Pradesh chapter of United Nations Youth Organisation at the age of 23 (1993).[27]

With his exposure into the mainstream society, he realised that casteism is present in all walks of life. With the Indian Government tackling the issue with its reservation policies and making it perennial, Raghuvanshi chose the path of uplifting them by making their voices heard. He founded the People's Vigilance Committee on Human Rights (PVCHR) in 1996, along with his life partner Shruti Nagvanshi, historian Mahendra Pratap, musician Vikash Maharaj, and poet Gyanedra Pati.

On bonded labour and children's right to education

In 1999, Raghuvanshi founded a community-based organisation, Jan Mitra Nyas (People-friendly Association), which was backed by ActionAid. The movement adopted three villages near Varanasi and an urban slum, with an objective of providing better education to the children there.[28] He was elected in 2001 into the executive council of Voice of People, supported by Child Rights and You (CRY), an organisation active in 15 districts of Uttar Pradesh, which works for the rights of the children.[29]

He was appointed as a member of the District Vigilance Committee on Bonded Labour under Bonded Labour abolition Act 1976 by the Governor of UP in 2002. He filed an FIR (First Information Report) against Rajendar Thripathi, the village head of Belwa in the Badagaon block of Varanasi administrative district in his capacity as a member of the District Vigilance Committee. However, Rajendar escaped arrest, and Lenin has been reported to be receiving death threats since then.[30] In revenge, the head of Belwa village filed a case against Raghuvanshi and two PVCHR staff members for "statements conducing to public mischief" and "anti-state activities"; the latter proceeding of case was stayed by High Court.[31]

In 2004, he conceptualised the 'Jan Mitra Gaon' (People-friendly villages) project, under which three villages and an urban slum were adopted with the motives of eradicating child labour, providing education to girls, reintroducing non-traditional education and improving the state of educational institutions.[32]

Contributions to the Weavers Community

Raghuvanshi represented the Bunkar Dastkar Adhikar Manch in the People's Tribunal on Human Rights, chaired by Sayeda Hameed, a member of the Planning Commission of India, briefing on the reportedly poor situation of the Varanasi weavers.[33] Bunkar Dastkar Adhikar Manch is a Varanasi-based outfit, founded by Siddiq Hassan, in 2004, that lobbies for the weaver community.[34] Varanasi Weavers Trust was conceptualised in 2004 by the Sri Lankan economist Darin Gunasekara and Raguvansi, with the objective of easy accessibility of the capital and market to the poor in a democratised way. The demand was then put forth to the Indian Government for the establishment of the trust.[35]

Bringing together the South Asian countries

On 15 January 2005, human rights groups from India, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh and Sri Lanka, PVCHR (India), INSEC (Nepal), People's Forum for Human Rights (Bhutan), Human Rights Commission of Pakistan, LOKOJ (Bangladesh) and Wiros Lokh Institute (Sri Lanka), met with an objective of a united South Asia, working for the common good, in Kathmandu. This convention was named People's SAARC, leading to the formation of a South Asian People's Forum, with Raghuvanshi as its coordinator.[36] Afghanistan was later added to this SAARC. This was indeed an excellent effort to build human rights mechanism in SARRC countries where the discourse of human rights is still in its nascent stage.[37]

Social justice through the Neo-Dalit Movement

Raghuvanshi has called for the establishment of a neo-Dalit movement to eliminate the caste system and overthrow feudalism, thereby establishing a society based on equal dignity for all humankind. The neo-Dalit movement – combining Shudras and ati-Shudras (dalits of all kinds) from all regions – would formulate a popular movement against the ‘culture of impunity’ and the existing caste system.[38] [39]

Recognition

Raghuvanshi is a 2001 Ashoka Fellow.[40] [41] He was appointed as the state director for the European Union funded National Project on Prevention of Torture in 2006,[42] in recognition of the reports published by PVCHR on torture incidents in the state. He drafted a Testimonial model for India along with Dr. Inger Agger,[43] working further on dealing with torture. He was awarded the Gwangju Human Rights Award in 2007, along with Irom Sharmila.[5] In 2008, he received ACHA Star Peace award from Association for Communal Harmony in Asia USA along with B. M. Kutty, Karamat Ali and Mubashir Mirza from Pakistan.[6] In 2010, he was elected as the president for the Association of Cultural Harmony in Asia, USA.[44] The City Council of Weimar, Germany, chose him for the 2010 International Human Rights award.[7] He was appointed as the member of NGO core Committee of National Human Rights Commission (NHRC) in 2012, in recognition of his tireless work for human rights.[45] In 2015, Lenin was invited at the Global Tolerance Forum in Drammen, Norway where he voiced his strong opinion on the contemporary political situation in India, showed deep concern about increasing hold of fundamentalist and extremists elements in Indian society.[46] Dr. Lenin was awarded M.A. Thomas National Human Rights Award, 2016 for his contribution in struggle for the rights of marginalized community, particularly the dalits and adivasis.[47] Recognizing his contribution for the promotion and protection of the children's rights, Wockhardt foundation selected him as a Child Rights Activist of the year in a nationwide online voting. In 2016, Lenin was selected member of Global India-an Ireland-based Horizon 2020 funded Marie Sklodowska-Curie European Training Network.The network is composed of 6 different EU Universities and has 9 partners in India.[48] In September 2017, India Times listed Raghuvanshi as one of the 11 Human Rights Activists in India whose Life Mission is to provide others With A Dignified Life.[49] Daily Indian Media recognized the contribution by Lenin Raghuvanshi along with 12 Indian Stalwarts from various spheres of Indian Life like Politics, Business, Academics and Entertainment at a glittering Awards Ceremony in New Delhi. Those recognized for their contribution to society and championing the cause of equity, humanity, social justice and human welfare.[50] Deed Indeed, Foundation profiled him as 'Tireless Service to Humanity' and describes,"Lenin Raghuvanshi is one of the Caste System’s greatest nemeses and is one of Society’s Downtrodden’s most dynamic champions and we can all take a humane leaf from his book."[51] Lenin has spoken at colleges and universities across the globe.[52] [53] [54] [55] [56] Raghuvanshi has been awarded the following national and international honours since 2018:

Literary and academic contribution

Lenin frequently contribute articles in local, national and international magazine and online websites.[85] [86] His latest book, Justice, Liberty, Equality: Dalits in Independent India, highlight cases of Dalits atrocities and throw the light on the inability of the administrative system to protect the poor and vulnerable of the Indian society. Book underline failure of Indian human rights system to protect the dignity of Dalits. Lenin, in his high pitch and critical tone, underscores dire need to bring the social change and appeal to bring necessary transformation in the Indian human rights machinery to prevent and redress human rights violations on Dalits and vulnerable people.[87] He was one of a 12-person strong editorial board of Torture for 1998–2020. The Torture Journal is an international scientific journal that provides an interdisciplinary forum for the exchange of original research and systematic reviews by professionals concerned with the biomedical, psychological and social interface of torture and the rehabilitation of its survivors.[88] [89] He became member of advisory board at Journal of Transdisciplinary Peace Praxis (JTPP).[90] He is also member of the IRCT Data and Research Methods Reference Group (Data Reference Group).[91] The feature Chapter ‘Conscientisation of Untouchables in Indian Society’ in book titled 'Consciousness-Raising: Critical pedagogy and practice for social change'edited by Nilan Yu jointly written by Archana Kaushik, Lenin Raghuvanshi and Mohanlal Panda published by Routledge, an imprint of the Taylor and Francis group. Chapter explores the practice of untouchability through the experience of one Indian village. The chapter recounts the experience of PVCHR, a NGO, in breaking down the barriers that hindered the Dalits from enjoying their most basic rights through the mobilization and empowerment of Dalits to voice their concerns and fight for justice.[92] At the G20 Interfaith Summit 2023 held at the World Peace Dome in Pune, Lenin Raghuvanshi, alongside Shruti, played a pivotal role in discussions addressing global issues such as violent conflicts, inequality, climate crisis, and declining trust in institutions. As speakers in parallel sessions 2A and 3A, they shared insightful perspectives on vulnerability, child protection, interfaith collaboration, and Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Their contributions, rooted in grassroots perspectives and best practices, resonated well with session chairs and the audience, emphasizing the transformative potential of interfaith collaboration within the G20 process. This showcased Lenin Raghuvanshi's commitment to tackling global challenges and driving positive change.[93] [94] [95] [96]

External links

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Lenin, my Friend: Empowering the Marginal, Restoring Dignity – Different Truths. 11 May 2016 . 2020-10-09. en-US.
  2. News: Lenin receives German award for working for Dalits . 11 December 2010 . Pravasi Today . 23 May 2011 . 3 March 2016 . https://web.archive.org/web/20160303213152/http://www.pravasitoday.com/lenin-receives-german-award-for-working-for-dalits . dead .
  3. Web site: Lenin Raghuvanshi | EUVP Alumni. Visitors-programme.europa.eu.
  4. live. https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211211/QneeF845MfE. 2021-12-11. Dr. Lenin Raghuvanshi and the PVCHR . YouTube.
  5. Web site: Gwangju Prize for Human Rights . 2007 . 518.org . 23 May 2011 . https://web.archive.org/web/20110603040007/http://www.518.org/eng/html/main.html?TM18MF=03020000 . 3 June 2011 . dead .
  6. Web site: 'ACHA Awards (Archives) . https://web.archive.org/web/20010412164038/http://www.asiapeace.org/acha/awards.htm . dead . 12 April 2001 . 2008 . ACHA .
  7. News: Local activist to get International award . https://web.archive.org/web/20120609144353/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2010-06-25/varanasi/28317907_1_international-award-child-labour-activist. dead. 9 June 2012. 25 June 2010 . .
  8. https://idsn.org/wp-content/uploads/user_folder/pdf/New_files/Press/German_award_for_Indian_activist_-_press_clippings.pdf
  9. Web site: Edition 2018 du Prix des droits de l'Hommewebsite=Cncdh.fr. 11 January 2022.
  10. Web site: Palmarès du Prix des droits de l'Homme 2018.
  11. Web site: Lenin Raghuvanshi. 2018-09-30. The Public Peace Prize Website. en. 2019-06-26.
  12. Web site: Unveiling of the winners of the Public Prize for Peace, 2018 edition. publicpeaceprize. 2018-12-10. The Public Peace Prize Website. en. 2019-06-26.
  13. Web site: लेनिन रघुवंशी को प्रथम कर्मवीर महारत्न पुरस्कार. Patrika News. 28 October 2019. 24 July 2020.
  14. Web site: 2019-11-02. Dalit activist wins Karmaveer Maharatna Award. 2020-10-09. Mattersindia.com. en-US.
  15. Web site: Dalit activist Lenin Raghuvanshi gets award for making a difference. Asianews.it. 24 July 2020.
  16. Web site: The NPPW screening of Valid* Nobel Peace Prize Nominations for 2021. Nobelwill.org. 11 January 2022.
  17. Web site: The NPPW screening of Valid* Nobel Peace Prize Nominations for 2021. Nobelwill.org. 11 January 2022.
  18. Web site: Benaras-Based Lenin And Shruti Nominated For Nobel Peace Prize. February 2, 2022.
  19. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xKVwjOjuj_k
  20. Web site: frontlinedefenders.org. https://web.archive.org/web/20130520005526/http://www.frontlinedefenders.org/LeninRaghuvanshi. dead. 20 May 2013. 24 July 2020.
  21. News: Mobilise and Empower . Farzand Ahmed. . 10 April 2009 .
  22. Web site: Shruti Nagvanshi is icon for rising of marginalized and rural women in India Lenin Raghuvanshi. Saddahaq.com. 2019-06-26. 14 June 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170614013321/https://www.saddahaq.com/shruti-nagvanshi-is-icon-for-rising-of-marginalized-and-rural-women-in-india. dead.
  23. Web site: A Vocal Proponent and Activist for Equality. August 2022 .
  24. Web site: Lenin, my Friend: Empowering the Marginal, Restoring Dignity. Roy. Arindam. 2016-05-11. Different Truths. en-US. 2019-06-26.
  25. Web site: Kabeer Karunik: Professional Journey. People's Vigilance Committee On Human. Rights. 18 September 2019. 24 July 2020.
  26. Web site: Ashoka Fellows . 2001 . Ashoka.org . 23 May 2011 . https://web.archive.org/web/20101226031206/http://ashoka.org/fellow/2851 . 26 December 2010 . dead .
  27. News: PVCHR: A warrior against human rights violations . Twocircles.net . 15 January 2011.
  28. Web site: International human rights award recognizes Dalit struggle for dignity. ActionAid. 23 May 2011. https://web.archive.org/web/20101206040422/http://www.actionaidindia.org/Dalit_struggle_for_dignity.htm. 6 December 2010. dead.
  29. News: Basic education is still a poor child . 18 February 2011 . The Times of India.
  30. News: 'Threats against Dr Lenin Raghuvanshi and members of the People's Vigilance Committee on Human Rights (PVCHR)' . 21 May 2008 . Front Line (NGO).
  31. Web site: UPDATE (India): False charge filed against Dr. Lenin Raghuvanshi and colleagues. Humanrights.asia. 11 January 2022.
  32. News: Education and learning against child exploitation, says Lenin Raghuvanshi . Nirmala Carvalho . 6 November 2008. AsiaNews.
  33. News: 'People's Tribunal on Human rights' . https://web.archive.org/web/20120612045727/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2009-11-19/varanasi/28078249_1_lakh-weavers-handloom-weavers-human-rights. dead. 12 June 2012. 19 November 2009 . The Times of India.
  34. News: Looming extinction : Skilled silk-weavers are feeling the squeeze of competition . 8 January 2009 . The Economist.
  35. News: Government Listens to Weavers Concerns. Prashant, Shruti Nagvanshi . 29 June 2006 . The South Asian.
  36. Web site: South Asian Peoples' Declaration Lenin Raghuvanshi. Saddahaq.com. 2019-06-26.
  37. News: 'South Asian People's declaration . 27 January 2005 . The South Asian].
  38. Web site: Account Suspended. Theoslotimes.com. 2019-06-26. https://web.archive.org/web/20190802173454/http://www.theoslotimes.com/cgi-sys/suspendedpage.cgi. 2 August 2019. dead.
  39. Web site: A Musical Resistance to Hindu Nationalism. Arbitror.org. 6 February 2018 . en-US. 2019-06-26.
  40. Web site: Lenin Raghuvanshi. Ashoka Everyone a Changemaker. en-US. 2019-06-26.
  41. Web site: Lenin Raghuvanshi | Ashoka | Everyone a Changemaker.
  42. Web site: FNF Partner conferred with Gwangju Prize for Human Rights 2007 . . 23 May 2011 . https://web.archive.org/web/20110528193039/http://www.la.fnst-freiheit.org/webcom/show_article.php/_c-705/i.html . 28 May 2011 . dead .
  43. http://www.uk.rct.dk/sitecore/shell/Controls/Rich%20Text%20Editor/~/media/Conf_Rehab_Dec08/TestimonialTher_Agger_Raguvanshi_Polatin%20pdf.ashx
  44. Web site: Asian Peace : Board . https://web.archive.org/web/20010412173650/http://www.asiapeace.org/acha/board.htm . dead . 12 April 2001 . Asia Peace.org .
  45. Web site: NHRC's "Core Group of NGOs" re-constituted National Human Rights Commission India. nhrc.nic.in. 2019-06-26.
  46. Web site: UTO - A Brief Report about Global Tolerance Forum 17 September 2015 – Drammen, Norway. Universaltolerance.org. 2015-10-12.
  47. Web site: Mr. Lenin Raghuvanshi gets the M.A. Thomas National Human Rights Award – 2016.. vigilindia. Vigil India Movement. 2019-06-26.
  48. Web site: Dr. Lenin Raghuvanshi • Global India. Global India. en-US. 2019-06-26.
  49. Web site: 11 Human Rights Activists Whose Life Mission Is To Provide Others With A Dignified Life. 2017-09-07. indiatimes.com. en. 2019-06-26.
  50. Web site: Shabana Azmi awarded the BHARATIYA MANAVATA VIKAS PURASKAR 2018. bureau. Odisha Diary. 2018-08-30. OdishaDiary.com. en-US. 2019-06-26.
  51. Web site: Tireless Service to Humanity. 2018-09-18. Deed Indeed Foundation. en-US. 2019-06-26. 24 August 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200824090513/https://deedindeed.org/health/tireless-service-to-humanity. dead.
  52. 967001386507472897. IBEI. Teaching session on #Gender, #Development and #Security as a closure of #GlobalIndia workshop @EU_H2020. Lead by Pr…. Twitter.com. 2019-06-26. en. 2018-02-23.
  53. Web site: GLOBAL INDIA WORKSHOP: Preparing for fieldwork in India + key debates on India as an Emerging Economic Player. 2018-10-07. Instytut Stosunków Międzynarodowych. pl-PL. 2019-06-26.
  54. Web site: Global India European Training Network (H2020). 2020-10-09.
  55. Web site: Testimonial Therapy in India: Hope, human dignity and honour for survivors Lenin Raghuvanshi. Saddahaq.com. 2019-06-26.
  56. Web site: Global meeting on Testimony at Oxford Lenin Raghuvanshi. Saddahaq.com. 2019-06-26.
  57. Web site: Dr Lenin Raghuvanshi :Visiting Senior Fellow : 31 December 2023. December 2023 .
  58. Web site: Bharat Jodo Diary : 07 January 2023. January 2023.
  59. Web site: अपनी दादा की विरासत को जारी रखने के लिए भारत जोड़ो यात्रा में लिया हिस्साः काशी के लेनिन . February 2023.
  60. Web site: Aha's Rathasaatchi teaser to be out on THIS date. November 2022.
  61. Web site: Reform is Science, Reality & Art: Lenin Raghuvanshi’s Vision Echoes at International Conference on Human Rights. January 2024.
  62. Web site: Recognizing the Global Pluralism Award Winners and the Vital Work of Charities and Nonprofits . .
  63. Web site: Senate of Canada Congratulates . May 2022.
  64. Web site: At a Glance .
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  66. Web site: Global Centre for Pluralism announces the 2021 Global Pluralism Award Winners . 23 February 2022 .
  67. Web site: असमानता-अन्याय के खिलाफ दुनिया भर में पुरस्कृत 10 शख्सियतों में भारत से बनारस के डॉक्टर लेनिन . 23 February 2022 .
  68. Web site: समाज को उसकी बुराइयों से आज़ाद कर रहे हैं ये 11 Fighters. 15 August 2021 .
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  70. Web site: डॉ. लेनिन रघुवंशी: दलितों और दबे-कुचलों की भलाई में जीवन समर्पित | Kya Baat Hai. 17 April 2021. Abplive.com. 11 January 2022.
  71. Web site: World NGO Day 2021: Meet these Samaritans who thrived Pandemic without letting hopes of their people go down!. 26 February 2021. 11 January 2022.
  72. Web site: Wall of fame | EUVP Alumni. Visitors-programme.europa.eu. 11 January 2022.
  73. Web site: Child labour in India | British Safety Council. Britsafe.in. 11 January 2022.
  74. Web site: 2020-09-29. Two Dalit rights activists nominated to "21st Century Heroes of India". 2020-10-09. Matters India. en-US.
  75. Web site: 21st Century Heroes of India – Pippa Rann Books & Media. 2020-10-09. en-GB.
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  77. 1230977146958622722. TAFFDsOrg. 10 ACTIVISTS THE WORLD NEED TO LISTEN TO1 @GretaThunberg 2 Miho Kawamoto 3 Rainbow@_LehlogonoloM 4 @nectug 5 Kris…. Twitter.com. 2020-10-09. en.
  78. Web site: TAFFD's Magazine of the Future | Issue 2019. Issuu. 24 July 2020.
  79. Web site: PVCHR: Lenin Raghuvanshi: one of ten top futurist activists. People's Vigilance Committee On Human. Rights. 25 February 2020. 24 July 2020.
  80. Web site: 2019-12-26. Rotary awards Raghuvanshi for work among youth. 2020-10-09. Matters India. en-US.
  81. Web site: रोटरी अधिवेशन में शामिल होंगे फिल्म निर्माता राजकुमार संतोषी, 20 से 22 दिसंबर तक तीन दिवसीय कार्यक्रम आयोजित. Dainik Jagran. 24 July 2020.
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  84. Web site: Shabana Azmi awarded the BHARATIYA MANAVATA VIKAS PURASKAR 2018. Odisha Diary. bureau. 30 August 2018. 24 July 2020.
  85. Book: Consciousness-Raising. Archana. Kaushik. Lenin. Raghuvanshi. Mohanlal. Panda. 27 June 2018. Routledge. 14–18. 10.4324/9781315107851-2. 149663341.
  86. Web site: In India, a pervasive paranoia blocks progress on human rights. openDemocracy. 2019-06-26.
  87. Web site: FrontPage Publications. Frontpagepublications.com. 2015-11-19.
  88. Web site: International Rehabilitation Council for Torture Victims. International Rehabilitation Council for Torture Victims. en. 2019-06-26.
  89. Web site: International Rehabilitation Council for Torture Victims. International Rehabilitation Council for Torture Victims. en. 2019-06-26.
  90. Web site: Journal of Transdisciplinary Peace Praxis » Advisory Board. en-US. 2019-06-26.
  91. Web site: International Rehabilitation Council for Torture Victims. International Rehabilitation Council for Torture Victims. en. 2019-06-26.
  92. Book: Consciousness-Raising. Archana. Kaushik. Lenin. Raghuvanshi. Mohanlal. Panda. 27 June 2018. Routledge. 14–18. 24 July 2020. 10.4324/9781315107851-2. 9781315107851 . 149663341.
  93. Web site: Speakers - Session 2 .
  94. Web site: Speakers - Session 3 .
  95. Web site: G20 Interfaith Summit 2023 .
  96. https://www.g20interfaith.org/app/uploads/2020/09/Pune-Summary-Document-1.1-1-1.pdf

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