| Legislature XIV of Italy | |
| Native Name: | XIV legislatura della Repubblica Italiana |
| Native Name Lang: | it |
| Legislature: | 14th legislature |
| Coa Caption: | Emblems of the Senate and the Chamber of Deputies |
| House Type: | bicameral |
| Houses: | Chamber of Deputies Senate of the Republic |
| Disbanded: | |
| Preceded By: | XIII Legislature |
| Succeeded By: | XV Legislature |
| Leader1 Type: | President of the Senate |
| Leader1: | Marcello Pera |
| Party1: | Forza Italia |
| Election1: | 30 May 2001 |
| Leader2 Type: | President of the Chamber of Deputies |
| Leader2: | Pier Ferdinando Casini |
| Party2: | UDC |
| Election2: | 31 May 2001 |
| Seats: | C: 610 S: 315 + 5 |
| House1: | Chamber of Deputies |
| House2: | Senate |
| Voting System1: | Scorporo |
| Voting System2: | Scorporo |
| Last Election3: | 13 May 2001 |
| Meeting Place: | Palazzo Montecitorio, Rome (C) |
| Meeting Place2: | Palazzo Madama, Rome (S) |
| Website: | |
| Constitution: | Constitution of Italy |
The Legislature XIV of Italy (Italian: XIV Legislatura della Repubblica Italiana) started on 30 May 2001 and ended on 27 April 2006.[1] [2] Its composition resulted from the general election of 13 May 2001. The election was called by President Ciampi, after he dissolved the houses of Parliament on 8 March 2001.[3] The legislature ended after its natural course of five years, soon after the houses were dissolved again by Ciampi on 11 February 2006.[4]
The election leading to the composition of this legislature was characterized by the use of decoy lists ("liste civetta") by both major coalitions (the House of Freedoms and the Olive Tree), in order to "de facto" turn the additional member system implemented by the electoral law into a parallel voting system.[5] In the case of the House of Freedoms, this tactic was so effective that Forza Italia did not have enough candidates for the seats that had won, missing out on 12 seats.[6]
| Prime Minister | Party | Term of office | Government | Composition | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Took office | Left office | ||||||||
| Silvio Berlusconi | Forza Italia | 11 June 2001 | 23 April 2005 | bgcolor=#BEE1F5 | Berlusconi II | bgcolor=#BEE1F5 | FI • AN • LN • CCD • CDU | ||
| 23 April 2005 | 17 May 2006 | bgcolor=#BEE1F5 | Berlusconi III | bgcolor=#BEE1F5 | FI • AN • LN • UDC • NPSI • PRI | ||||
The number of elected deputies was 613. Although the total number of seats was of 630, at the start of the legislation it was not possible to assign the remaining 17 seats (distributed between the House of Freedoms and The Daisy) because of missing candidates in the electoral lists. Some of these seats were assigned later during the legislature.[7]
| Initial composition[8] | Final composition | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Parliamentary group | Seats | Parliamentary group | Seats | Change | |||||
| Forza Italia | 178 | Forza Italia | 167 | 11 | |||||
| Democrats of the Left – The Olive Tree | 137 | Democrats of the Left – The Olive Tree | 129 | 8 | |||||
| National Alliance | 99 | National Alliance | 94 | 5 | |||||
| The Daisy – DL – The Olive Tree | 80 | The Daisy – DL – The Olive Tree | 80 | ||||||
| CCD – CDU White Flower | 40 | UDC Union of Christian and Centre Democrats (CCD – CDU) | 38 | 2 | |||||
| Lega Nord Padania | 30 | Lega Nord Padania Federation | 26 | 4 | |||||
| Communist Refoundation | 12 | 12 | |||||||
| Mixed | 49 | Mixed | 64 | 15 | |||||
| Italian Communists | 9 | Italian Communists | 10 | 1 | |||||
| Linguistic Minorities | 5 | Linguistic Minorities | 5 | ||||||
| Communist Refoundation | 11 | 11 | |||||||
| New PSI | 3 | 3 | |||||||
| Populars – UDEUR | 11 | 11 | |||||||
| The Rose in the Fist | 11 | 11 | |||||||
| Greens – The Union | 7 | 7 | |||||||
| Liberal Democrats – Republicans – New PSI | 6 | 6 | |||||||
| Democratic Ecologists | 4 | 4 | |||||||
| MRE – European Republicans Movement | 3 | 3 | |||||||
| Non inscrits | 21 | Non inscrits | 7 | 14 | |||||
| Total seats | 613 | Total seats | 610 | 3 | |||||
The number of elected senators was 315. At the beginning of the legislature there were nine life senators (Giovanni Leone, Francesco Cossiga and Oscar Luigi Scalfaro as former Presidents, and the nominated life senators Carlo Bo, Norberto Bobbio, Gianni Agnelli, Giulio Andreotti, Francesco De Martino and Paolo Emilio Taviani). After the death of Leone, Bo, Bobbio, Agnelli, De Martino and Taviani, and the nomination of the new life senators Rita Levi-Montalcini, Emilio Colombo, Mario Luzi (who died in February 2005), Giorgio Napolitano and Sergio Pininfarina, the total number of senators at the end of the legislature was of 320.