Legislative Council of the Province of Canada explained

Legislative Council of Canada
Native Name:Conseil législatif de la Province du Canada
Native Name Lang:fr
House Type:Upper house
Body:Parliament of the Province of Canada
Preceded By:Legislative Council of Lower Canada
Legislative Council of Upper Canada
Succeeded By:Senate of Canada (federally)
none in Ontario
Legislative Council of Quebec

The Legislative Council of the Province of Canada (French: Conseil législatif de la province du Canada) was the upper house for the Province of Canada, which consisted of the former provinces of Lower Canada, then known as Canada East and later the province of Quebec, and Upper Canada, then known as Canada West and later the province of Ontario. It was created by The Union Act of 1840. With the lower house, the Legislative Assembly of the Province of Canada, the two houses constituted the Parliament of the Province of Canada.

The first session of parliament began in Kingston in Canada West in 1841. It succeeded the Legislative Council of Lower Canada and Legislative Council of Upper Canada.

The 24 legislative councillors were originally appointed for life. In 1854, the British Parliament authorized their election,[1] and implementing legislation was passed by the Province of Canada in 1856.[2] It was provided that:

The British North America Act, 1867 divided the Province of Canada into the provinces of Ontario and Quebec, each with representation in the unelected Senate of Canada. As a province, Ontario never created a Legislative Council; however, Quebec had its own Legislative Council until 1968. Both the provincial and federal upper houses used (and, in the case of the Senate, continues to use to the present day) the same 24 divisions for Quebec as had been used for Canada East by the Legislative Council of the Province of Canada prior to Confederation.

List of legislative councillors

= died in office = elected in byelection = resigned from office = elected by acclamation = unseated

MemberDistrictStartEndAppointedElectedAppointed to the Senate of CanadaAppointed to the Legislative Council of Quebec
Augustus Warren BaldwinCanada West18411841
John HamiltonCanada West18411867
James CrooksCanada West18411860
William MorrisCanada West18411858
John MacaulayCanada West18411857
Adam FergussonCanada West18411862
Peter Boyle de BlaquièreCanada West18411860
Alexander FraserCanada West18411853
Thomas McKayCanada West18411855
Robert Sympson JamesonCanada West18411853
John McDonaldCanada West18411843
Robert Baldwin SullivanCanada West18411851
René-Édouard CaronCanada East18411857
François-Pierre BruneauCanada East18411851
Antoine-Olivier BertheletCanada East18411841
Philip Henry MooreCanada East18411867
Jules-Maurice QuesnelCanada East18411842
Gabriel RoyCanada East18411848
Barthélemy JolietteCanada East18411850
Peter McGillCanada East18411860
Adam FerrieCanada East18411863
Paul Holland KnowltonCanada East18411863
George PembertonCanada East18411849
Étienne MayrandCanada East18411841
John FraserCanada East18411843
Jean-Baptiste TachéCanada East18411849
Joseph DionneCanada East18421859
William WalkerCanada East18421863
Amable DionneCanada East18421852
George Jervis GoodhueCanada West18421867
Levius Peters SherwoodCanada West18421850
Louis MassueCanada East18431851[4]
Pierre-Amable Boucher de BouchervilleCanada East18431857
René-Joseph KimberCanada East18431843
Christopher WidmerCanada West18431858
Jacob Æmilius IrvingCanada West18431856
William Henry DraperCanada West18431844
John NeilsonCanada East18441848
James MorrisCanada West18441865
James GordonCanada West18451865
James FerrierCanada East18471867
Hamnett Kirkes PinheyCanada West18471857
Roderick MathesonCanada West18471867
George Strange BoultonCanada West18471867
Denis-Benjamin VigerCanada East18481858
James LeslieCanada East18481867
Étienne-Paschal TachéCanada East18481865
Frédéric-Auguste QuesnelCanada East18481866
Joseph BourretCanada East18481859
Georges-René Saveuse de BeaujeuCanada East18481865
Louis MéthotCanada East18481857
Joseph-Ovide TurgeonCanada East18481857
John RossCanada West18481867
Samuel CraneCanada West18491858
Samuel Sylvester MillsCanada West18491867
Robert JonesCanada East18491850
Louis PanetCanada East18521867
Charles WilsonCanada East18521867
Narcisse-Fortunat BelleauCanada East18521867
Benjamin SeymourCanada West18541867
David Morrison ArmstrongCanada East18551867
Eusèbe CartierCanada East18551862
Joseph LégaréCanada East18551855
Walter Hamilton DicksonCanada West18551867
Ebenezer PerryCanada West18551867
Marc-Pascal de Sales LaterrièreLaurentides18561864
Elzéar-Henri Juchereau DuchesnayLauzon18561867
John SimpsonQueen's18561867
James PattonSaugeen18561862[5]
Hollis SmithWellington18561863
Isidore-Édouard-Candide MassonThousand Islands18561864
Louis RenaudSalaberry18561867
Louis-Antoine DessaullesRougemont18561863
Philip Michael Matthew Scott VanKoughnetRideau18561862
Harmannus SmithBurlington18561864
Edmund MurneyTrent18561861
John PrinceWestern18571860[6]
Joseph-François ArmandAlma18581867
George CrawfordSt. Lawrence18581867
Alexander CampbellCataraqui18581867
David ChristieErie18581867
Ulric-Joseph TessierGulf18581867
Alexandre-Édouard KierzkowskiMontarville18581861
Jean-Baptiste GuévremontSorel18581867
Pierre-Urgel ArchambaultRepentigny18581867
Édouard-Louis-Antoine-Charles Juchereau DuchesnayLa Salle18581867
George AlexanderGore18581867
George William AllanYork18581867
Donald McDonaldTecumseth18581867
James ShawBathurst18601867
Robert Unwin HarwoodRigaud18601863
David ReesorKing's18601867
Asa Belknap FosterBedford18601867
William Hamilton MerrittNiagara18601862
Adam Johnston Fergusson BlairBrock18601867
Pierre-Gabriel HuotStadacona18601861
Luc Letellier de St-JustGrandville18601867
John HamiltonInkerman18601867
Jean-Baptiste-Georges ProulxLa Vallière18601867
Malcolm CameronSt. Clair18601863[7]
Allan Napier MacNabWestern18601862
Andrew JeffreyNewcastle18601863
Louis LacosteMontarville18611867
Sidney SmithTrent18611863
Charles-François-Xavier BabyStadacona18611864
James Cox AikinsHome18621867
Thomas H. Bennett[8] Eastern18621867
William McMasterMidland18621867
Jacques-Olivier BureauLorimier18621867
Elijah LeonardMalahide18621867
Charles-Christophe MalhiotShawinigan18621867
François-Xavier LemieuxLa Durantaye18621864
Alexandre Bareil, dit LajoieLanaudière18621862
Luther Hamilton HoltonVictoria18621863[9]
Robert ReadQuinte18621867
John McMurrichSaugeen18621864
Charles CormierKennebec18621867
James CurrieNiagara18621866
Walter McCreaWestern18621867
James SkeadRideau18621867
Oliver BlakeThames18621867
Louis Auguste OlivierLanaudière18631867
Alexander VidalSt. Clair18631867
John Sewell SanbornWellington1863<1867
Thomas RyanVictoria18631867
Billa FlintTrent18631867
Eustache Prud'hommeRigaud18631867
Asa BurnhamNewcastle18631867
William Henry ChaffersRougemont18641867
David Edward PriceLaurentides18641867
Joseph-Noël BosséLa Durantaye18641867
Jean-Élie GingrasStadacona18641867
Léandre DumouchelThousand Islands18641867
David Lewis MacphersonSaugeen18641867
Harcourt Burland BullBurlington18641867

Speakers of the Legislative Council

The Speaker was the presiding officer of the Legislative Council, and was appointed by the Queen-in-Council. He was styled "The Honourable, the Vice-Chancellor, Speaker."[10]

The office was preceded by the Speaker of Legislative Council of Upper Canada and Speaker of the Legislative Council of Lower Canada. The following table displays the names and political parties of the Speakers between 1841 and 1866.[11]

PictureNamePartyTerm Notes
Robert Sympson Jameson1841-1843First Speaker of the Legislative Council
Peter McGill1843-1847, 1848-1853Mayor of Montreal from 1840 to 1842
René-Édouard Caron1843-1847; 1848-1853
1853-1854; 1858
1854-1856
Sir Étienne-Paschal TachéBlue1856-1857
Blue1857-1858; 1858-1862
Sir Allan MacNabConservative1862
Conservative1863
Liberal1863-1866

Parliament Buildings

The Legislative Council and Legislative Assembly of the Province of Canada sat a various buildings in Toronto, Kingston, Montreal, Quebec City and Ottawa:

See also

External links

Notes and References

  1. An Act to empower the Legislature of Canada to alter the Constitution of the Legislative Council for that Province, and for other Purposes. (UK). 17 & 18 Vict.. 118. https://hdl.handle.net/2027/hvd.32044047093497?urlappend=%3Bseq=260.
  2. An Act to change the Constitution of the Legislative Council by rendering the same Elective. S.Prov.C.. 1856. 140. https://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.39015068617235?urlappend=%3Bseq=591.
  3. subject to the terms provided in An Act to re-unite the Provinces of Upper and Lower Canada, and for the Government of Canada. 3 & 4 Vict.. 35. 5-8. https://books.google.ca/books?id=B2QPAQAAMAAJ&lpg=PA127&pg=PA126#v=onepage&q&f=false.
  4. resigned to accept appointment to government office
  5. appointed Solicitor-General for Canada West
  6. appointed judge
  7. appointed Queen's printer
  8. father of John Bennett
  9. appointed Minister of Finance
  10. Book: Journals of the Legislative Council of the Province of Canada ... being the first session, of the first provincial Parliament, 1841. 1841. 22. November 12, 2017.
  11. Book: Catalogue - Library of Parliament . 1858 . 1656–1657. Library Of Parliament . Canada .

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