| Left Faction | |
| Native Name: | סיעת שמאל |
| Leader: | Moshe Sneh |
| Founded: | 20 February 1952 |
| Dissolved: | 1 November 1954 |
| Split: | Mapam |
| Merged: | Maki, Mapam |
| Position: | Left-wing |
| Seats1 Title: | Most MKs |
| Seats1: | 3 (1952-1954) |
| Seats2 Title: | Fewest MKs |
| Seats2: | 3 (1952-1954) |
| Country: | Israel |
The Left Faction (Hebrew: סיעת שמאל, Siat Smol) was a short-lived political party in Israel.
The Left Faction was formed on 20 February 1952 (during the second Knesset) as a breakaway from Mapam in the aftermath of the Prague Trials. The show trials in which mostly Jewish leaders of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia were purged, falsely implicated Mapam's envoy in Prague, Mordechai Oren, as part of a Zionist conspiracy. This, and later Nikita Khrushchev's Secret Speech at the 20th Party Congress in the Soviet Union, led to Mapam moving away from some of their more radical left wing positions, and towards social democracy.
Unhappy with the move, several Mapam MKs left the party; Moshe Aram, Yisrael Bar-Yehuda, Yitzhak Ben-Aharon and Aharon Zisling set up Ahdut HaAvoda-Poale Zion, Hannah Lamdan and David Livschitz created the Faction independent of Ahdut HaAvoda, whilst Rostam Bastuni (the first Israeli Arab MK representing a Zionist party), Adolf Berman and Moshe Sneh established the Left Faction.
However, the party ceased to exist on 1 November 1954 when Bastuni returned to Mapam and Berman and Sneh joined the communist party, Maki.[1]