| Laurence D. Barron | |
| Birth Date: | 12 February 1944 |
| Birth Place: | Southampton, England |
| Citizenship: | British |
| Nationality: | British |
| Alma Mater: | University of Oxford |
| Thesis Title: | The Theory of Optical Birefringence |
| Thesis Year: | 1969 |
| Field: | Physical chemistry |
| Work Institutions: | University of Glasgow |
| Doctoral Advisor: | Peter Atkins |
| Academic Advisors: | A. David Buckingham |
| Known For: | Raman optical activity |
| Awards: | Chirality Medal (2011) |
Laurence David Barron (born 12 February 1944 in Southampton, England) has been Gardiner Professor of Chemistry at the University of Glasgow since 1998 (now Emeritus).[1] He is a chemist who has conducted pioneering research into the properties of chiral (right- or left-handed) molecules — defined by Lord Kelvin as those that cannot be superimposed onto their mirror image. By extending this definition of chirality to include moving particles and processes that vary with time, he has made a fundamental theoretical contribution to the field. Chiral molecules such as amino acids, sugars, proteins, and nucleic acids play a central role in the chemistry of life, and many drug molecules are chiral. Laurence's work on Raman optical activity — a spectroscopic technique capable of determining the three-dimensional structures of chiral molecules, which he predicted, observed, and applied to problems at the forefront of chemistry and structural biology — has led to its development as a powerful analytical tool used in academic and industrial laboratories worldwide. His much-cited book,[2] Molecular Light Scattering and Optical Activity, has contributed to the growing impact of chirality on many areas of modern science.
Laurence Barron attended King Edward VI School, Southampton and then studied chemistry at the Northern Polytechnic, where he earned a First Class Honours Degree of London University in 1965. He studied at Lincoln College, Oxford, with Peter Atkins earning a D.Phil. in 1969, on the theory of nonlinear optical activity and birefringence, and polarized light scattering generally.
Barron carried out post-doctoral research with A. David Buckingham, at Cambridge University, from 1969 to 1975, holding a Ramsay Memorial Fellowship in 1974–75.In 1975, he joined the Chemistry Department of the University of Glasgow, as a lecturer. He was promoted to reader in 1980 and became titular professor in 1984. From 1995 to 2000 he held an EPSRC Senior Fellowship. He has held the Gardiner Chair of Chemistry from 1998 to 2008. He is now an emeritus professor and honorary senior research fellow in chemistry.[3] Barron is best known for his pioneering work on Raman optical activity, and was made a Fellow of the Royal Society on 26 May 2005.[4]
The idea that would eventually lead to Raman optical activity appeared for the first time during Barron's D.Phil. research, when he discovered a new fundamental scattering process involving interference between light waves scattered via the molecular polarizability and optical activity tensors and which generates a small ellipticity/circularity in the scattered light. This was published with Peter Atkins in 1969.[5] with the final definitive theory published with David Buckingham in 1971.[6] The first observations, made in Buckingham's laboratory, were published in 1973,[7] [8] and constituted the first observations of the long-sought optical activity in vibrational transitions of chiral molecules. Barron developed his extension of Lord Kelvin's definition of chirality to include motion, first published in 1986, [9] [10] in order to critically assess external physical influences able to induce an enantiomeric excess in reactions that would otherwise produce a racemic product, something that had been controversial ever since the time of Louis Pasteur and had resulted in many futile experiments.