Laura Attardi Explained

Laura Attardi
Education:Cornell University
University of California at Berkeley
Workplaces:Stanford University
Doctoral Advisor:Robert Tjian
Father:Giuseppe Attardi

Laura Attardi is the Catharine and Howard Avery Professor of the school of medicine, and professor of radiation oncology and genetics at Stanford University[1] where she leads the Attardi Laboratory. Attardi studies the tumor suppressor protein p53 and the gene that encodes it, TP53, to better understand mechanisms for preventing cancer.[2] [3]

Early life and education

Laura Donatella Attardi is the daughter of biologists Giuseppe Attardi and Barbara Furman.[4] [5]

Laura Attardi received her BA in biochemistry from Cornell University in 1988. She earned her PhD in molecular and cell biology from the University of California at Berkeley in 1994,[6] working with Robert Tjian.She then did postdoctoral work at Massachusetts Institute of Technology[7] with Tyler Jacks.[8]

Career

In 2000, Attardi joined Stanford University School of Medicine in the departments of radiation oncology and genetics.[9] Attardi is the Catharine and Howard Avery Professor of the school of medicine, and professor of radiation oncology and genetics at Stanford University[1] She serves as a Program Director of the Cancer Biology and Cancer Stem Cells Program at Stanford Cancer Institute.[10]

Attardi is co-editor of the Annual Review of Cancer Biology[11] and a member of the editorial board of the Journal of Cell Biology.[8]

Research

Attardi studies the tumor suppressor protein p53 and the gene that encodes it,[7] TP53. TP53 is the most frequently mutated gene (>50%) in human cancer, suggesting that it has a key role in preventing cancer formation.[12] The cellular mechanisms and transcriptional programs involved in p53 activation are complicated. There is evidence that p53 can suppress tumors, but it can also can cause toxicity in normal tissues. Understanding the activity of p53 and how to restore p53 function may lead to advances in anti-cancer therapeutics. Attardi's goal is to understand the mechanisms of p53 and its actions and effects in different settings.[7]

With Colleen A. Brady and others, Attardi developed knock-in mice with transactivation mutations in the two transactivation domains (TADs) to compromise p53 gene transactivation. The p53 transactivation mutant L25Q:W26S (p5325,26) affected the first TAD, while F53Q;F54S (p5353,54) mutated the second TAD. This model has enabled researchers to study p53's suppression of tumour formation[3]

In 2014, Attardi's research unexpectedly linked p53 with a developmental disorder, CHARGE syndrome. While studying mice with a mutated form of p53, researchers noted that mice with one mutated protein and one normal protein developed symptoms similar to CHARGE and died. Researchers also demonstrated a link between p53 and the CHD7 gene, which often displays mutations in cases of CHARGE.[13]

Attardi uses mice with a predisposition to pancreatic cancer as a model of p53 mutation. In 2017 her group reported that mice with a favorable mutation in the TAD2 transcriptional activation domain remained cancer-free longer than mice with the normal p53 gene. Using human cancer genomic data, Attardi has further suggested that a central mechanism of cancer suppression may involve a pathway, or “axis,” of three proteins, with p53 activating Ptpn14, which then suppresses Yap, which would otherwise promote cancer development. Deficiencies in p53 and Ptpn14 might therefore have similar consequences to Yap activation.[14]

Awards and honors

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Laura Attardi's Profile Stanford Profiles . Stanford University . 21 July 2022 . en . 21 July 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220721135313/https://profiles.stanford.edu/laura-attardi . live .
  2. McCarthy . Nicola . Stop start . Nature Reviews Cancer . July 2008 . 8 . 7 . 485 . 10.1038/nrc2421 . 13129574 . en . free .
  3. McCarthy . Nicola . Unpicking a Gordian knot . Nature Reviews Cancer . June 2011 . 11 . 6 . 389 . 10.1038/nrc3075 . 32495259 . 21 July 2022 . en . 1474-1768 . 21 July 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220721174200/https://www.nature.com/articles/nrc3075 . live .
  4. Book: Chomyn . Anne . Biographical Memoires: Giuseppe Attardi 1923–2008 . 2015 . National Academy of Sciences . 8 . 21 July 2022 . 21 July 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220721145443/http://www.nasonline.org/publications/biographical-memoirs/memoir-pdfs/attardi-giuseppe.pdf . live .
  5. Wallace . Douglas C. . Giuseppe Attardi 1923–2008 . Nature Genetics . July 2008 . 40 . 7 . 814 . 10.1038/ng0708-814 . 44278848 . en . 1546-1718. free .
  6. Web site: LAURA D. ATTARDI, Ph.D. . Stanford University . 21 July 2022 . 21 July 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220721160910/https://cap.stanford.edu/profiles/viewCV?facultyId=3851&name=Laura_Attardi . live .
  7. Web site: Laura Attardi : Tumor biology . Ludwig Cancer Research . 21 July 2022 . 4 July 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220704031543/https://www.ludwigcancerresearch.org/scientist/laura-attardi/ . live .
  8. New editorial board members . Journal of Cell Biology . 21 July 2022 . 723–727 . 10.1083/jcb.201511023 . 23 November 2015 . 211 . 4 . 30257376 . free . 21 July 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220721162123/https://rupress.org/jcb/article/211/4/723/38656/New-editorial-board-members-New-editorial-board . live . 4657179 .
  9. Web site: Spatial Genomics in Cancer Research with Illumina Sequencing and the NanoString GeoMx® Digital Spatial Profiler . Nanostring . 21 July 2022 . en . 2 August 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220802000503/https://gateway.on24.com/wcc/eh/1530555/lp/3039324/spatial-genomics-in-cancer-research-with-illumina-sequencing-and-the-nanostring-geomx-digital-spatial-profiler . live .
  10. Web site: Cancer Biology and Cancer Stem Cells . Stanford Cancer Institute . 21 July 2022 . sm . 21 July 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220721144555/https://stanfordhealthcare.org/content/sm/cancer/research/research-programs/cancerbio.html . live .
  11. Web site: Annual Review of Cancer Biology Editorial Committee . Annual Reviews . 18 July 2022 . 2022 . 18 July 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220718151447/https://www.annualreviews.org/editorial-committee/cancer-biology . live .
  12. Surget S, Khoury MP, Bourdon JC . Uncovering the role of p53 splice variants in human malignancy: a clinical perspective . OncoTargets and Therapy . 7 . 57–68 . December 2013 . 24379683 . 3872270 . 10.2147/OTT.S53876 . free .
  13. News: Bach . Becky . Rare developmental disorder linked to tumor-suppressing protein, researchers find . 21 July 2022 . Stanford News Center . August 3, 2014 . sm . 21 July 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220721164016/https://med.stanford.edu/news/all-news/2014/08/rare-developmental-disorder-linked-to-tumor-suppressing-protein-.html . live .
  14. News: Stanford-Led Study Uncovers Mutation that Supercharges Tumor-Suppressor . 21 July 2022 . Research & Development World . 11 October 2017 . 29 September 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220929151950/https://www.rdworldonline.com/stanford-led-study-uncovers-mutation-that-supercharges-tumor-suppressor/ . live .
  15. News: Researchers receive outstanding investigator awards from National Cancer Institute . 21 July 2022 . News Center . November 17, 2015 . sm . 27 October 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20211027164405/https://med.stanford.edu/news/all-news/2015/11/researchers-receive-outstanding-investigator-awards-from-nci.html . live .
  16. Web site: 2015 Recipients of NCI Outstanding Investigator Awards - NCI . National Cancer Institute . 21 July 2022 . en . 14 October 2015 . 21 July 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220721143050/https://www.cancer.gov/grants-training/grants-funding/funding-opportunities/oia/award-recipients/2015 . live .
  17. News: Bergeron . Louis . Five university scholars among fellows newly elected to AAAS . 21 July 2022 . Stanford News Service . 25 October 2007 . en . 21 July 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220721160909/https://news.stanford.edu/pr/2007/pr-fellows-103107.html . live .
  18. Web site: AAAS Fellows . American Association for the Advancement of Science . 21 July 2022 . 11 November 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20211111012111/https://www.aaas.org/sites/default/files/AnnualReports/2007/aaas_ar_07l_Fellows.pdf . live .
  19. Web site: Scholars: Current and Former Awardees . Damon Runyon . 21 July 2022 . en . 16 May 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220516214906/https://www.damonrunyon.org/for-scientists/awardees/scholars . live .

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