Latrophilin 3 Explained

Latrophilin 3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ADGRL3 gene.^{[1] [2]}

Function

This gene encodes a member of the latrophilin subfamily of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR). Latrophilins may function in both cell adhesion and signal transduction. In experiments with non-human species, endogenous proteolytic cleavage within a cysteine-rich GPS (G-protein-coupled-receptor proteolysis site) domain resulted in two subunits (a large extracellular N-terminal cell adhesion subunit and a subunit with substantial similarity to the secretin/calcitonin family of GPCRs) being non-covalently bound at the cell membrane.^[2]

Clinical significance

A version of this gene has been linked to attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).^[3]

See also

• Adhesion G protein-coupled receptors

Further reading

• Südhof TC . alpha-Latrotoxin and its receptors: neurexins and CIRL/latrophilins . Annual Review of Neuroscience . 24 . 933–962 . 2001 . 11520923 . 10.1146/annurev.neuro.24.1.933 .
• Ushkaryov YA, Volynski KE, Ashton AC . The multiple actions of black widow spider toxins and their selective use in neurosecretion studies . Toxicon . 43 . 5 . 527–542 . April 2004 . 15066411 . 10.1016/j.toxicon.2004.02.008 .
• Soares MB, Bonaldo MF, Jelene P, Su L, Lawton L, Efstratiadis A . Construction and characterization of a normalized cDNA library . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America . 91 . 20 . 9228–9232 . September 1994 . 7937745 . 44785 . 10.1073/pnas.91.20.9228 . free . 1994PNAS...91.9228S .
• ((The Sanger Centre)), ((The Washington University Genome Sequencing Center)) . Toward a complete human genome sequence . Genome Research . 8 . 11 . 1097–1108 . November 1998 . 9847074 . 10.1101/gr.8.11.1097 . free .
• Nagase T, Ishikawa K, Suyama M, Kikuno R, Miyajima N, Tanaka A, Kotani H, Nomura N, Ohara O . Prediction of the coding sequences of unidentified human genes. XI. The complete sequences of 100 new cDNA clones from brain which code for large proteins in vitro . DNA Research . 5 . 5 . 277–286 . October 1998 . 9872452 . 10.1093/dnares/5.5.277 . free .
• Kreienkamp HJ, Zitzer H, Gundelfinger ED, Richter D, Bockers TM . The calcium-independent receptor for alpha-latrotoxin from human and rodent brains interacts with members of the ProSAP/SSTRIP/Shank family of multidomain proteins . The Journal of Biological Chemistry . 275 . 42 . 32387–32390 . October 2000 . 10964907 . 10.1074/jbc.C000490200 . free .
• Bjarnadóttir TK, Fredriksson R, Höglund PJ, Gloriam DE, Lagerström MC, Schiöth HB . The human and mouse repertoire of the adhesion family of G-protein-coupled receptors . Genomics . 84 . 1 . 23–33 . July 2004 . 15203201 . 10.1016/j.ygeno.2003.12.004 .

External links

• PDBe-KB provides an overview of all the structure information available in the PDB for Human Adhesion G protein-coupled receptor L3
• PDBe-KB provides an overview of all the structure information available in the PDB for Mouse Adhesion G protein-coupled receptor L3

Notes and References

1. Hayflick JS . A family of heptahelical receptors with adhesion-like domains: a marriage between two super families . Journal of Receptor and Signal Transduction Research . 20 . 2-3 . 119–131 . Jan 2001 . 10994649 . 10.3109/10799890009150640 . 19919738 .
2. Web site: Entrez Gene . U.S. National Library of Medicine . LPHN3 latrophilin 3.
3. Arcos-Burgos M, Jain M, Acosta MT, Shively S, Stanescu H, Wallis D, Domené S, Vélez JI, Karkera JD, Balog J, Berg K, Kleta R, Gahl WA, Roessler E, Long R, Lie J, Pineda D, Londoño AC, Palacio JD, Arbelaez A, Lopera F, Elia J, Hakonarson H, Johansson S, Knappskog PM, Haavik J, Ribases M, Cormand B, Bayes M, Casas M, Ramos-Quiroga JA, Hervas A, Maher BS, Faraone SV, Seitz C, Freitag CM, Palmason H, Meyer J, Romanos M, Walitza S, Hemminger U, Warnke A, Romanos J, Renner T, Jacob C, Lesch KP, Swanson J, Vortmeyer A, Bailey-Wilson JE, Castellanos FX, Muenke M . A common variant of the latrophilin 3 gene, LPHN3, confers susceptibility to ADHD and predicts effectiveness of stimulant medication . Molecular Psychiatry . 15 . 11 . 1053–1066 . November 2010 . 20157310 . 10.1038/mp.2010.6 . free . free . 11336/80502 .