December 2022 North American winter storm explained

Formed:December 21, 2022
Dissipated:December 26, 2022
Rsi:11.499
Maximum Snow: in Snyder, New York, U.S.[1]
Gusts:
Pressure:963
Pressure-Suffix:[2]
Outages:7.47 million
Fatalities:106
Damages:$8.5 billion[3]
Season:2022–23 North American winter

From December 21 to 26, 2022, an extratropical cyclone created crippling winter storm conditions, including blizzards, high winds, snowfall, and record cold temperatures across the majority of the United States and parts of Canada. Areas which experienced blizzard conditions included parts of Minnesota, Iowa, Wisconsin, Michigan, Ohio, Pennsylvania, New York and Ontario, with the Buffalo area of New York and the Fort Erie and Kingston areas of Ontario experiencing almost two full days of blizzard/zero-visibility conditions starting from December 23. The cold wave affected all U.S. states from Colorado to the Eastern Seaboard, with effects felt as far south as Miami, Florida. On December 24, 110 million people across 36 states were subject to wind chill alerts.

The storm and its related cold wave killed at least 100 people, with six additional deaths occurring due to a contemporaneous smaller storm in the Pacific Northwest (British Columbia, Oregon, Washington). Forty-one of the deaths from the main storm occurred in the Buffalo area where lake-effect snowfall exceeded over a five-day period, while other deaths from that storm and the cold wave occurred across 17 states and the province of Ontario. The storm caused extensive vehicle pileups and road closures, particularly in the areas affected by blizzards or adjacent to those areas, with a complete driving ban imposed in Buffalo for five-and-a-half days. Due to the storm, more than 18,200 flights were canceled in the U.S. between December 22 and 28, while hundreds more were canceled in Canada. Buffalo Niagara International Airport was the most severely affected, as it was completely shutdown for five days. Numerous inter-city passenger rail trips were delayed or canceled in the U.S., while in Ontario, Via Rail service between Toronto and Montreal or Ottawa was completely suspended for over 2 days due to a derailment. About 6.3 million households in the U.S. and 1.1 million in Canada were without power for some part of the storm.

The National Weather Service in Buffalo, New York, described it as a "once-in-a-generation storm" for Buffalo,[4] [5] [6] and NOAA's Weather Prediction Center stated it was a "historic arctic outbreak".[7] Media and New York State Governor Kathy Hochul referred to the situation in the Buffalo area as the Blizzard of the Century.[8] [9] [10]

Meteorological history

The storm began to form on December 21, 2022, strengthening over the Northern Plains.[11] It intensified over the next day, with The Weather Channel predicting that it would turn into a bomb cyclone.[12] Blizzard conditions (visibility less than 0.25miles due to snow and wind gusts greater than 40mph) were met in the rural areas of southern Minnesota, northern Iowa and southwestern Wisconsin.[13] Duluth and Grand Marais Harbor, Minnesota, experienced wind gusts of and, respectively, on December 23, causing damage to some buildings.[14] Snowfalls on the northern Plains included up to in Minnesota, up to in Iowa, up to in Missouri and up to in Wisconsin.[1] [15] This blizzard, combined with the blizzard from the previous week, contributed to the wettest December on record in North Dakota.[16] As the storm swept from Indiana into Ontario between the afternoons of December 23 and 24, the storm's pressure plummeted —well over the threshold of for a bomb cyclone—creating a massive wind field with bitterly frigid air.

Detroit experienced three brief periods of whiteout on December 23, with visibility reduced to or less from 8 a.m. to 2:30 p.m.[17] Grand Rapids, Michigan, had blizzard conditions/zero visibility from 10 a.m. to 10 p.m. on December 23, reduced visibility of or less until 5 p.m. on December 24,[18] and received of snow between December 22 and 26.[19] Baraga, in northwestern Michigan, received the most snowfall from the blizzard in the state, with of lake-effect snow. Blizzard conditions occurred in Cincinnati, Ohio, on December 23, despite no blizzard warning being issued for that area.[20] Cleveland received a total of 3.6inches of snow that day, while other parts of Ohio received up to and Kentucky received up to .[1] [21]

The blizzard's intense wind gusts blowing over the warm waters of Lake Erie[22] triggered record lake-effect snow to Buffalo, New York, which at first fell as of rain but later converted to snow and accumulated to over 5 days in Snyder adjacent to Buffalo, ending on December 27.[1] [23] At Buffalo Niagara International Airport, snowfall was on December 23, on December 24, on December 25, on December 26 and on December 27, for a total of .[24] To the north, Niagara Falls received 18.9inches of snowfall over the period.[1] Buffalo experienced zero visibility/complete whiteout conditions from 9 a.m. on December 23 until 1 a.m. on December 25 and again from 5 a.m. until 7 a.m. on December 26.[25] Buffalo's 37.5 consecutive hours of blizzard conditions was the longest blizzard in the city's history.[26] [27] Lasting nearly two full days, Buffalo's first blizzard since January 6, 2014 (as defined by the National Weather Service) forced snow into massive drifts, shuttering the city and leaving hundreds stranded.[28] [29] Winds in Buffalo gusted over for more than 24 consecutive hours and between 9 a.m. and 3 p.m. on December 23, winds exceeded every hour.[22] The highest reported winds in Buffalo were .[30] The blizzard also deposited high lake-effect snowfall amounts on northern New York; Henderson Harbor, near Watertown, recorded with the Watertown area experiencing blizzard conditions for parts of December 23, 24 and 25.[26] [31] [32] Other parts of New York generally received between zero and of snowfall with New York City and other coastal areas of the northeast receiving only a dusting.[1] [24] [33] [34] The storm's winds created a seiche on Lake Erie, resulting in record-low water levels in the lake's western basin.[35] [36]

In the northeastern U.S., snowfall totals were as much as in Pennsylvania, in Maryland, in Massachusetts, in Vermont and in New Hampshire.[1] As the storm began to exit the United States, it brought the fourth-highest high tide on record to Portland, Maine.[37] Shortly after, a severe thunderstorm warning was put in place for New York City and for Long Island.[38] The cold air left in the wake of the storm brought ocean-effect snow to Cape Cod.[39]

In Ontario, among airport weather stations reporting wind speeds and visibility (Sarnia, London, Kitchener, Toronto, Hamilton, St. Catharines, Wiarton, Peterborough, Kingston, Ottawa), Kingston had blizzard conditions (visibility reduced to 400sp=usNaNsp=us or less due to blowing snow) from 2 p.m. on December 23 until 7 p.m. on December 24 along with a peak wind gust of 98kph.[40] Nearby Prince Edward County had some snow drifts as high as traffic signs and some even as high as telephone poles[41] and also experienced blizzard and zero visibility conditions for much of December 23 and 24.[42] Wiarton had blizzard conditions from noon until 9 p.m. on December 23,[43] and Chatham had visibility of 200m (700feet) from 8 a.m. until 7 p.m. on December 23, with peak wind gusts of 89kph.[44] In addition, St. Catharines had seven hours of visibility of 400m (1,300feet) or less on December 23, with peak wind gusts of 96 km/h on both that day and December 24,[45] and Hamilton had six hours of 400m (1,300feet) or less visibility, including one hour of zero-meter visibility, on December 23.[46] The southern half of the Niagara Region, including Fort Erie, had blizzard conditions for most of December 23 and 24, leading the Niagara Region to declare a state of emergency.[47] [48] An average of 76cm (30inches) of snow fell in Fort Erie with drifts as high as 3m (10feet) while peak wind gusts of 125 km/h were recorded in nearby Port Colborne.[49]

In Quebec, Montreal experienced four hours of 600sp=usNaNsp=us and winds exceeding 50kph overnight from December 23 to 24,[50] while Quebec City experienced the same for four hours early the morning of December 24.[51] A gust of 121kph was recorded in Quebec City, while Baie-Comeau experienced a gust measured at 130kph; both are new all-time December records.[52] Baie-Comeau experienced three hours of blizzard conditions on December 25.[53]

Preparations

On December 22, 2022, President Joe Biden asked Americans to "please take this storm extremely seriously".[54]

On December 21, Georgia governor Brian Kemp declared a state of emergency and warned the public.[55] On December 22, South Dakota governor Kristi Noem declared a winter storm emergency for the state and activated the National Guard.[56] By December 22, states of emergency were also declared in Colorado, Connecticut, Kansas, Kentucky, Maryland, Missouri, North Carolina, New York, Oklahoma, West Virginia, and Wisconsin.[57] Ahead of the winter storm, many people decided to cancel Christmas celebrations.[58]

Environment Canada issued a blizzard warning for a large swath of southwestern and midwestern Ontario (notably not including the Greater Toronto Area), as well as southern Niagara Region, areas east of Georgian Bay and the eastern end of Lake Ontario, including Kingston and Prince Edward County, while winter storm warnings were issued for the remainder of Southern Ontario.[59]

Impact

Deaths

Fatalities from two storms
CountryRegionsDeaths
CanadaBritish Columbia4[60]
Ontario2[61]
United StatesColorado6[62] [63]
Georgia2[64]
Kansas3[65]
Kentucky3
Maryland1
Michigan8[66]
Mississippi1[67]
Missouri3[68] [69]
Nebraska1
New York43[70] [71]
Ohio16[72] [73] [74]
Oklahoma3[75]
Oregon1[76]
Pennsylvania1[77]
South Carolina2[78] [79]
South Dakota1[80]
Tennessee1[81]
Vermont1[82]
Washington1[83]
Wisconsin2[84] [85]
Total:106

Storm-related deaths occurred from diverse causes, including cold exposure outside or inside homes without heat or inside marooned cars, traffic accidents, falling trees or branches, electrocutions, carbon monoxide poisonings and a house fire caused by unsafe heating methods.[6] [74]

In Oklahoma, dangerous road conditions caused by the storm caused multiple accidents, killing three persons.[75] In Kansas, three persons died due to car crashes in icy conditions.[65] In Kentucky, three people died; two died as a result of car accidents, while the other person was homeless, which caused them to die to exposure.[86] Missouri had three deaths from vehicular collisions[68] [69] while Nebraska had one.[69] In Wisconsin, one person died from a traffic collision[84] while another died from falling through ice on a river.[85]

In northern Frederick County, Maryland, a man died after a tree fell on his car while he was driving west on MD 77.[87] In Pennsylvania, a person died when trees and hydro poles fell onto their car.[77] Vermont also had a person die when a tree fell on them.

In Ohio, an accident involving more than 50 vehicles on the eastbound lanes of the Ohio Turnpike in Sandusky County closed the highway for multiple hours and caused four fatalities.[88] Four people died in other vehicular collisions,[72] a utility worker was electrocuted while trying to restore power and a 72-year-old woman died from exposure.[73] A family of six also died in a house fire where they were using unsafe heating methods.[74]

In Colorado, six people, four in Colorado Springs,[63] and two in Denver,[62] reportedly died from exposure to the cold. Georgia had two deaths from exposure,[64] while Tennessee,[81] Mississippi,[67] and South Dakota,[80] each had one. In South Carolina, one person died when his oxygen machine would not function due to lost power, while another died from exposure while fixing a pipe to his house.[78] In mid-Michigan, four people died from exposure, three from cardiac arrest while shoveling or blowing snow, and one from carbon monoxide poisoning while in their car.[66]

The intense blizzard, winds and cold in the Buffalo, New York, region caused 41 deaths (34 in Buffalo and 7 in Cheektowaga, both within Erie County), 17 of them pedestrians who had become disoriented and were found dead in snowbanks, as well as four drivers stranded in their cars for over two days, 11 residents who died in their homes without heat, four who died from cardiac arrest while shoveling snow, three residents who died when emergency crews could not respond in time of medical crisis and two who died from blizzard-related injuries.[70] [71] [89] On December 28, the National Guard went door to door in parts of Buffalo to check on people who had been without electricity due to the blizzard.[90] The 2022 storm was even deadlier than the Blizzard of 1977 for the region.[91] Two other people died within New York, including one from carbon monoxide poisoning in Lockport, near Niagara Falls.[70] [71]

In southwestern Ontario, two people died from exposure.[61] In Ontario's hard-hit Niagara Region, the Emergency Medical Services acting Chief stated December 27, "at this time EMS is not able to confirm any deaths or injuries directly or solely attributable to the storm" and "emergency medical responses are complex, with many factors often contributing to a medical event, and it would be impossible to accurately quantify the effect of the storm on patient outcomes."[49] He added that his paramedics "focused our limited resources on the highest priority calls, ensuring those who were in the greatest need were attended to as quickly as possible" and acknowledged that paramedics responded to calls regarding chest pain and cardiac events brought on by snow removal, as well as incidents with people using gas-fueled devices indoors.[49] The Port Colborne Fire and Emergency Services Chief said his team responded to multiple incidents regarding carbon monoxide, including one with "very serious" injuries but would not detail exact outcomes.[49]

Infrastructure

Flight delays and cancellations

See also: 2022 Southwest Airlines scheduling crisis.

The storm forced the cancellation of at least 1,000 flights by December 21, according to flight tracking company FlightAware,[11] with Denver International Airport canceling 500 flights.[92] By December 22, Flight-aware reported that more than 10,000 flights had been delayed or canceled.[93] By December 28, FlightAware.com reported that greater than 18,200 flights for between December 22 and 28 had to be canceled.

Buffalo Niagara International Airport was completely closed from the morning of December 23 until the morning of December 28.[90] Snow clearing equipment from Pittsburgh International Airport was brought in to assist in clearing the over four feet of snow from the runways.[90] Most flights at Cleveland's Hopkins Airport were canceled on December 23, 2022.[94] Chicago's two airports canceled more than 820 flights by December 23 at 5 p.m. due to the poor weather.[95]

In Canada, WestJet cancelled all flights (140) in Ontario and Quebec for December 23.[96] Air Canada canceled hundreds of flights across Canada on December 23 and 24.[97] Two-thirds of arrivals and one-third of departures for Toronto Pearson International Airport were canceled on December 23.[97]

A separate storm in the Pacific Northwest caused the closure two of the three operational runways at Seattle–Tacoma International Airport. Alaska Airlines temporarily halted flights from Seattle–Tacoma International Airport and Portland International Airport on December 23.[98] WestJet canceled 126 flights in British Columbia.[96] Vancouver International Airport cancelled all flights on the morning of December 20 due to the snowstorm, leading to an “unprecedented impact on flights”.[99]

On Christmas Day, Southwest Airlines canceled 48% of its scheduled flights. The following day, December 26, 2022, Southwest canceled another 2,886 flights, which represented approximately 70% of its scheduled flights for that day. The United States Department of Transportation called the cancellations "unacceptable" and said it would "closely examine" Southwest's actions.[100] On December 28, it was announced Southwest Airlines had canceled more flights for an extended period as a result of damage to operational systems which occurred from the storm.[101]

Road closures and crashes

Road closures were prevalent during the storm. In North Dakota, portions of I-94, U.S. 281, U.S. 52 and ND 46 were closed due to icy and near zero-visibility conditions.[102] More than 100 vehicles were left struck in intense snow on I-90 between Rapid City and Wall in South Dakota prompting authorities to move in to rescue all of the motorists by transporting them to shelter.[65] Nearly 90miles of I-35 in Iowa closed down due to low visibility from the blizzard.[103] In Minnesota, all of Interstate 90 west of Albert Lea closed.[104] Portions of I-435 closed in Kansas City, Missouri, as well.[105] I-94 had multiple major crashes in western Michigan.[106] In Gallatin County, Kentucky, I-71 was closed multiple times due to multiple crashes and icy conditions with some drivers stranded in traffic for up 34 hours.[107] On I-69 near Fort Wayne, Indiana, a 12-vehicle pile-up, including a snow plow, blocked the highway on December 23, while smaller collisions also blocked I-94 and I-65 in Indiana.[108] A 50-vehicle pileup, including at least 15 commercial vehicles such as semi-trailer trucks, occurred Friday afternoon on the eastbound Ohio Turnpike in Sandusky County, Ohio.[109] [110] [111] Both directions of the turnpike were closed for the stretch between SR 53 and SR 4 until mid-afternoon Saturday while crews cleared the road.[112]

All major highways in western New York were closed for four to five days due to the blizzard.[113] The morning of December 23, the city of Niagara Falls, New York, issued a travel ban with exceptions for essential travel.[114] Erie County, NY, which includes the city of Buffalo, followed suit shortly afterwards.[115] As of the morning of December 27, the travel ban remained in effect only for Buffalo.[116] On December 27, state and military police were sent to Buffalo to enforce the driving ban to enable snow-clearing efforts to progress.[117] The Erie County Sheriff indicated that over 420 EMS calls had gone unanswered because emergency vehicles were unable to travel through the deep snow.[26] During the height of the blizzard, two-thirds of emergency vehicles sent out to rescue people had ended up needing to be rescued themselves.[30] City officials say this marked the first time in Buffalo's history that the fire department could not respond to calls.[118] Buffalo announced a two-day effort for December 27 and 28 to clear at least one lane on every street in the city to accommodate emergency vehicles.[26] Front-loader tractors were used to shovel the snow into dump trucks as the snow was too deep to plow to the side of streets or in other cases, there was nowhere to plow it.[119] Hundreds of vehicles, including tractor-trailer rigs and buses, were snowed in and abandoned all over the city; over 500 people were rescued from snowed-in cars, some having been trapped for up to two days.[118] [120] After more than five-and-a-half days in effect, the City of Buffalo lifted its driving ban at 12:01 a.m. December 29 on the basis that streets had been adequately cleared.[121]

On January 2, 2023, the City of Buffalo announced that the New York University's Robert F. Wagner Graduate School of Public Service would be preparing an "after-action report" about the region's response to the blizzard, a report that would "review the storm preparation, response and recovery to outline best practices" and offer Buffalo feedback.[122] [123] Buffalo Mayor Byron Brown stated "The City of Buffalo is resolved to learn from this storm and make additional improvements in how we respond to future extreme winter snow storms".[122] Residents expressed concerns that they telephoned emergency services for assistance during the storm but no one came to assist; residents lauded a local resident who spent days saving an estimated fifty residents using his snowmobile.[122] The resident reportedly transported residents to shelters, transported supplies to those in need and helped a man get critical dialysis treatment after 17 hours spent trapped in his car; the resident learned about the needs of some residents from social media.[122] Reports also recorded a group of snowmobilers from a nearby town and people with trucks giving rides to stranded persons, transporting those with medical issues to hospitals and ferrying donations to collection points, often based on social media information.[124]

In northern New York, Jefferson County, which includes Watertown, had a driving ban in effect from December 23 until December 25.[31] Further south in the Capital Region, parts of NY-143 were shut down due to flooding.[125] In New York City, part of the Henry Hudson Parkway closed in the Bronx. In New Jersey, several interstate highways, as well as Route 440, were shut down to commercial travel until further notice starting at 9 a.m. on December 23.[126] The Verrazzano-Narrows Bridge was also closed down,[127] and in southern Long Island, parts of the Meadowbrook State Parkway and Wantagh State Parkway were shut down.[128]

In southwestern Ontario, Highway 401 was closed December 23 between London and Tilbury, west of Chatham, due to about 100 vehicles, including numerous tractor trailers, being involved in multiple collisions, while Highway 402 was closed between London and Sarnia because of a 50-vehicle pileup and deteriorating conditions.[129] [130] Early in the afternoon, the Ontario Provincial Police (O.P.P.) announced that all highways and roads in Perth and Huron counties were closed due to blizzard conditions[129] while, later in the afternoon, the OPP closed all highways and roads in Bruce and Dufferin counties, some in Grey County and Highway 21 between Sarnia and Grand Bend within Lambton County.[131] [132] While Highway 401 was reopened in the early evening of December 24, Highway 402 and all roads in Perth, Huron, Bruce, Grey, and Dufferin counties remained closed the evening of December 24.[133]

All bridges between the Niagara Region of Canada and the Niagara Falls/Buffalo area of New York State were closed at 4:30 p.m. on December 23 due to county-wide travel bans in western New York.[134] The QEW in southern Niagara Region was closed from December 23 to 25 due to heavy snowfall and blizzard conditions.[47] In southern Niagara, snow drifts were so deep that most police vehicles and plows became stuck themselves and had to be abandoned until the snowfall subsided on December 25.[47] The three-meter snow drifts across four-meter roads were too much for most snow plows to penetrate, so front-end loaders were being used, and bigger snow plows and additional front-end loaders were being brought in from other municipalities, thus making the snow-clearing process slower than desirable.[49]

In eastern Ontario, the OPP closed all roads in Prince Edward County, west of Kingston, from December 24 until the morning of December 26 because of zero visibility, snow buildup and many cars abandoned on roadways.[135] Highway 417 between Ottawa and the Ontario-Quebec border was closed from 11 a.m. December 24 until 9 a.m. December 25 while Highway 401 between Quinte West and the Ontario-Quebec border was closed from the morning of December 24 until 10 a.m. December 25.[136] In central Ontario, Highway 11 was closed from Orillia to Huntsville beginning on December 24.[137]

On Christmas Eve in British Columbia, icy road conditions resulted in a bus rolling over and crashing on Highway 97C between Kelowna and Merritt due to icy roads following another storm, killing four people and injuring 36.[60] Meanwhile, Interstate 90 in Washington was closed from North Bend to Ellensburg.[138]

Intra-city transit disruptions

In the Chicago area, the extreme cold and storm conditions caused transit disruptions, including service suspension on the South Shore for the afternoon on December 23 and on December 24, with both the CTA and Metra reporting issues with freezing track switches and mechanical failures.[139]

In the Buffalo-Niagara area, all transit service was suspended from the morning of December 23 until the morning of December 27, at which time reduced Metro Rail Service—trains departing every 30 minutes—was restarted; bus service was resumed on some routes the morning of December 28.[140] [141]

In the New York Metropolitan Area, trains experienced delays due to flooding. The Long Beach Branch of the Long Island Rail Road was shut down in both directions between Penn Station and Long Beach due to flash flooding, and the Metro North Hudson line was temporarily suspended between Poughkeepsie and Peekskill because of flooding as well. The New Jersey Transit experienced up to 30-minute delays.[142] The Staten Island Ferry was suspended for around an hour.[143] All buses in Queens were delayed, with the Q53-SBS being totally suspended.[144]

In Ontario, GO Transit (servicing the Greater Golden Horseshoe around Toronto) implemented its snow plan on December 23, which reduced peak train service and suspended express trains, and canceled some buses in the Niagara Region, where winds of 100 km/h were anticipated. The Toronto Transit Commission suspended service at 41 bus stops at hilly locations and suspended service on Line 3 Scarborough of the Toronto subway for December 23.[145]

In the Seattle area, a separate storm resulted in all buses operated by King County Metro and Sound Transit being canceled due to icy road conditions. The Seattle Center Monorail was also suspended.[146] BC Transit suspended all bus service to Victoria for the day.[147]

Inter-city train delays and cancellations

Numerous Amtrak trains were delayed, ran on modified schedules, or were canceled entirely between December 22 and 24, due to the storm.[148] [149]

Canada's VIA Rail experienced weather-related issues with nine trains in the Quebec City–Windsor Corridor being delayed on December 23 and 24 due to trees and branches falling on the tracks or on the trains themselves; passengers on some trains were stranded near Cobourg for more than 18 hours.[150] In the afternoon of December 24, a freight train derailed forcing VIA to cancel all trains between Toronto and Ottawa or Montreal for that day, December 25 and 26.[151]

Energy emergencies

The Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration declared an emergency covering 44 U.S. states and Washington, D.C., on December 22, suspending statutory driving time limits and other regulatory restrictions.[152] Colorado, Iowa, North Carolina, South Dakota, and Wisconsin all made similar declarations on a state level.[153] [154] [155]

Power outages

On December 23, poweroutages.us reported that nearly 1.5 million customers were without power.[156] Of those power outages, Maine recorded over 250,000 customers without power, North Carolina over 180,000, and more than 100,000 in Virginia, Tennessee, and New York each.[157] [158] High load caused the Tennessee Valley Authority in the southeastern U.S. to announce several hours of rolling blackouts throughout much of their service area.[159] [160] [161] Duke Energy followed suit because of cold temperatures on December 24.[162] The Buffalo-Niagara Falls area had 108,000 customers without power at different times during the storm.[163] In total, over the course of the storm, 6.3 million households across the U.S. were without power at some point.[118]

About 670,000 households in Quebec were without power at different times during the storm.[164] In Ontario, 430,000 households were without power at different points in time during the storm.[164] About 70,000 in New Brunswick lost power.[164]

Sports

The National Hockey League postponed two games that were originally scheduled to be played on December 23: the Detroit Red Wings–Ottawa Senators game was moved to February 27, and the Tampa Bay Lightning–Buffalo Sabres game was rescheduled to March 4.[165] The Sabres' road game against the Columbus Blue Jackets on December 27 was also postponed as the Buffalo area's travel ban remained in effect and the Buffalo airport remained closed.[166]

The National Football League postponed kickoff for a game between the Tennessee Titans and Houston Texans for an hour because of the rolling blackouts in the area.[167]

Corporate and institutional closures

Food processor Tyson Foods suspended operations at some of its plants as a result of the storm.[168] Many delivery services, including Amazon, FedEx, UPS, and USPS, had major delays at hubs or closures of processing sites due to weather conditions.[169] [170]

In Southern Ontario, most school boards, including those as far east as Ottawa, closed schools for December 23.[131] [171] In Vaughan, Ontario, Canada's Wonderland closed WinterFest on December 23 due to the storm.[172]

Many national parks in the United States closed due to the winter storm. These included, but are not limited to, the Knife River Indian Villages National Historic Site in North Dakota, Badlands National Park in South Dakota, Appomattox Court House National Historical Park in Virginia, and Carl Sandburg Home National Historic Site in North Carolina. However, Big Bend National Park remained open, despite wind chills predicted to sink as low as .[173]

In Pigeon Forge, Tennessee, Dollywood was closed on December 23, 24 and 25 due to the wind chill being below zero.[174] [175] The park opened on December 26 at 1:00 p.m., two hours later than the scheduled opening time, but closed three hours early at 6:00 p.m. due to snow and ice. The park was closed again on December 27.[176]

Animals

In Houston, Texas, about 1,600 bats lost their grip due to hypothermia and fell to the ground. They were saved by animal activists who administered fluids and kept them warm in incubators. Once recovered, the bats were released back to their habitats—two Houston-area bridges.[177]

Cold wave

After the storm struck, a widespread cold wave moved through the United States from bitterly cold air that entered the United States from Siberia, sending states into a deep freeze with temperatures and wind chills reaching well below zero, from the West to the East coast.[178]

Rocky Mountain region

Denver saw of snow, as temperatures fell to, the coldest temperature in the city since exactly 32 years ago, and just one degree shy of tying the monthly record low. Parts of the state saw over a foot of snow.[179] [180] [181] Denver saw their largest hourly temperature drop on December 21 from 4–5 p.m., as temperatures fell from to,[182] and the total drop from to became the second-largest two-day temperature swing in Denver.[183] With a high of just, the mean temperature in Denver of was their second-coldest mean temperature on record.[184] The cold wave was responsible for 6 deaths across the state.[62] [63] Cheyenne, Wyoming, also broke their hourly temperature drop record in just 30 minutes, as temperatures fell from to from 1:05 p.m. to 1:35 p.m.[185] In Casper, the low of set an all-time record for the lowest temperature ever in Casper.[186] In Elk Park, Montana, the wind chill reached as low as . The low of was likely as low as the sensor could detect.[187] In Alberta, the city of Calgary set a daily record for December 20 at, with parts of the province reaching .[188]

Central United States

Overnight in Kansas City, temperatures dropped from to in just six hours.[189] Austin, Texas experienced their second ever wind chill warning, with the first occurring in February 2021.[190] In Nashville, the low of on December 23 was the coldest low temperature in the city since 1996, although no daily record was set.[191] However, Tulsa, Oklahoma, set a daily record low that morning of .[192] Chicago recorded 29 hours below, and their coldest December day since 1983.[193] Youngstown, Ohio, also set a record low that morning of .[194] Cincinnati, Ohio, experienced the largest twelve-hour temperature drop on record of as well as the coldest wind chill since the January 1994 North American cold wave, reaching with an air temperature of the morning of December 23, 2022.[195] [196] In Gas City, Indiana, wind chills reached as low as .[197] Jackson, Mississippi, which had already experienced a water crisis in August 2022, had pipes break and water pressure problems, causing mayor Chokwe Antar Lumumba to declare a state of emergency in addition to a boil water advisory the city had already issued.[198] Schools had to switch to remote learning as the boil-water notice still had not been lifted as of January 4 and some areas still had little or no water pressure.[199]

Eastern United States

On December 23, Athens, Georgia, saw its coldest temperature since 1989 and set a daily low temperature record of after the cold front moved through.[200] That day, the Blue Ridge Parkway closed due to ice on the roads and wind chills as low as on Grandfather Mountain in North Carolina.[201] On December 24, new daily record-low temperatures were established in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, and Charleston, South Carolina, at and, respectively.[202] Most of the New York Metropolitan Area observed record cold highs on December 24, though Central Park's high of did not break the record.[203] The extreme temperature drop, combined with flooding in the morning of December 23, caused several cars to be stuck in frozen floodwaters in Edgewater, New Jersey.[204] Frozen floodwaters also resulted in Orient Beach State Park being ordered to close.[205] Several cities in the East Coast saw record cold highs on Christmas Eve, however. Washington, D.C., set a record for the coldest high temperature on Christmas Eve at,[206] Philadelphia set a record cold high at,[207] Baltimore tied its record cold high of,[208] and Mount Pocono, Pennsylvania, smashed their record cold high for the date reaching .[209] A wind chill advisory was issued for Philadelphia as wind chills were forecast to reach as low as .[210] The extreme cold in Philadelphia followed their largest daily temperature drop on record, as temperatures fell from to on December 23.[211] In Baltimore, the Baltimore Ravens experienced their coldest kickoff temperature on record, at, with a wind chill of only .[212] The Carolina Panthers in Charlotte also had their coldest-ever home game with a kickoff temperature of .[213] In Asheville, North Carolina, water outages that lasted as much as a week resulted when basins at an intake location froze, and leaks developed elsewhere in the system.[214] Within the city of Richmond, Virginia, low temperatures hovered around with the highs briefly reaching, tying a daily record.[215] Heavy winds in the area reached, leading to over 80,000 residents without electricity.[216] Wind chills reached in Richmond.[217] The bitter cold resulted in $3.5 million in damage across West Virginia.[218] [219] [220] Lingering cold air left over Atlanta combined with a clipper resulted in of snow on December 26, tying a daily record.[221]

Further south in Florida, Tampa froze on consecutive nights for the first time since 2010.[222] Some parts of Central Florida even recorded sleet and snow flurries on Christmas.[223] This caused some of the tallest rides at Universal Studios Orlando to close.[224] 2022 became the coldest for high temperatures in Miami at, Fort Lauderdale at, Naples at and tied the record at Palm Beach at . In Fort Lauderdale, the high tied for the second-coldest high on record.[225] The high in Marathon was also a record-cold .[226] Saint Petersburg also set a record cold high on Christmas, at .[227]

See also

External links

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Storm Summary Message . Weather Prediction Center of the National Center for Environmental Prediction . https://web.archive.org/web/20221229192738/https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/discussions/nfdscc1.html . December 30, 2022. December 29, 2022 .
  2. Web site: WPC surface analysis zoom, pan, animation and archives. wpc.ncep.noaa.gov.
  3. News: Thompson. Carolyn. Peltz. Jennifer. Death toll climbs as blizzard-battered Buffalo area digs out. December 29, 2022. https://web.archive.org/web/20221230002544/https://www.latimes.com/world-nation/story/2022-12-29/buffalo-roads-reopen-as-search-for-storm-victims-continues. dead. December 30, 2022. Associated Press. January 8, 2023.
  4. 1605542943879827458 . NWSBUFFALO. A once-in-a-generation storm will produce high winds east of Lake Ontario Thursday night into Friday morning, then over a larger coverage of our region Friday into Saturday. Winds could gust over 65 mph, leading to at LEAST scattered power outages, if not widespread outages. . National Weather Service Buffalo, New York . December 21, 2022 . December 28, 2022.
  5. News: Becker . Maki . December 21, 2022 . National Weather Service says 'once-in-a-generation' storm coming. Here's what's expected . The Buffalo News . December 28, 2022.
  6. News: Olson . Emily . December 26, 2022 . At least 50 people have died across the U.S. in 'once-in-a-generation storm' . NPR . December 27, 2022.
  7. 1607837302855720961 . NWSWPC . On the heels of a historic arctic outbreak, there is a strong signal for well above-average temperatures to welcome in the New Year across the eastern half of the country due to persistent upper-level ridging in the Dec 30th – Jan 3rd timeframe. . National Weather Service Weather Prediction Center . December 27, 2022 . December 27, 2022.
  8. Web site: 'Blizzard of the century' kills dozens but conditions expected to improve. December 27, 2022. CBS News. January 6, 2022.
  9. News: Harris. Jon. December 26, 2022. The Buffalo News. 'Blizzard of the century': Life safety remains focus as deaths reach 28 in Buffalo Niagara. January 6, 2022.
  10. News: The Guardian. U.S. braces for more deaths as 'blizzard of century' grips nation. December 27, 2022. January 6, 2023.
  11. News: Elamroussi . Aya . Gray . Jennifer . and . December 22, 2022 . A 'once in a generation' winter storm will impact nearly every state and cripple Christmas travel . December 28, 2022 . CNN.
  12. Web site: Winter Storm Elliott Intensifying into A Likely Bomb Cyclone With Snow, High Winds And Blizzard Conditions . December 22, 2022 . The Weather Channel . December 22, 2022.
  13. Web site: The December 22–25 2022 Storm: Blizzard, Extreme Cold, Snow and Wind . December 27, 2022 . NWS Forecast Office La Crosse, WI . National Weather Service.
  14. Web site: In photos: Blizzard causes damage to trees, powerlines and buildinga along the North Shore, Grand Maris. December 24, 2022. boreal.org. January 5, 2023.
  15. Web site: Kopelman. Rebecca. December 22, 2022. Snowfall totals in eastern Iowa from pre-Christmas winter storm. January 2, 2023. KGAN. en.
  16. Web site: December 2022 National Climate Report National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) . 2024-03-20 . ncei.noaa.gov.
  17. Web site: Past Weather for Detroit, Michigan, US – Yesterday or Further Back. timeanddate.com. December 27, 2022.
  18. Web site: Past Weather for Grand Rapids, Michigan, USA – Yesterday or Further Back. timeanddate.com. December 27, 2022.
  19. Web site: National Weather Service Historic Weather for Grand Rapids. weather.gov.
  20. NWSILN . 1606359430454726656 . National Weather Service Wilmington, Ohio . Localized blizzard criteria were met – in our service area 3 of our 20 automated observing sites met blizzard criteria (CVG, Wilmington, and London, OH). The other 17 sites did not . December 23, 2022 . December 23, 2022.
  21. Web site: National Weather Service Historic Weather for Cleveland. The Weather Channel.
  22. News: Feuerstein . Jacob . Samenow . Jason . Jason Samenow . December 24, 2022 . Why this blizzard could be the worst in Buffalo's history . live . The Washington Post . en . 0190-8286 . 2269358 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221224182417/https://www.washingtonpost.com/weather/2022/12/24/buffalo-blizzard-history/ . December 24, 2022 . December 28, 2022 . The punishing combination of heavy snow, extreme winds and bitter cold temperatures may be unparalleled.
  23. News: Thompson . Carolyn . Peltz . Jennifer . Military police enforce driving ban in snow-stricken Buffalo . Associated Press News . December 28, 2022.
  24. Web site: Past Weather for the Buffalo Office. National Weather Service .
  25. Web site: Past Weather in Buffalo, New York, USA — Yesterday or Further Back. timeanddate.com. December 27, 2022.
  26. Web site: Snow inundated Buffalo faces more challenges in the aftermath of storm that left 31 dead in area. Andone. Dakin. CNN. December 27, 2022. December 27, 2022.
  27. News: Scribner . Herb . Ravipati . Sri . December 26, 2022 . Deadly "once-in-a-lifetime storm" pummels Buffalo . Axios . December 28, 2022.
  28. Web site: Benson. Nate. As blizzard death toll rises, Fillmore District councilman calls for an official inquiry into the response. January 6, 2023. wgrz.com. January 10, 2023.
  29. News: Livingston . Ian . Feurstein . Jacob . December 26, 2022 . A Christmas-week winter storm and arctic blast for the ages, by the numbers . The Washington Post . December 27, 2022.
  30. News: Fadulu . Lola . Meko . Hurubie . Nir . Sarah Maslin . December 27, 2022 . 'It Was Just a Crying Day': Families Mourn Those Killed in the Storm . en-US . The New York Times . December 28, 2022 . 0362-4331.
  31. Web site: A Christmas to remember: Blizzard continues Sunday. December 25, 2022. nny360.com. January 7, 2023.
  32. Web site: Past Weather for Watertown, New York, USA - Yesterday and Further Back. timeanddate.com. January 7, 2023.
  33. Web site: Past Weather For The Binghamton Office . National Weather Service . weather.gov .
  34. Web site: Past Weather for the New York City Weather Office. weather.gov.
  35. News: Kaylee. Remington. National Weather Service: Seiche on Lake Erie brings water levels to all-time low. The Plain Dealer. December 24, 2022. December 26, 2022.
  36. 1606370057767903232 . NWSCLE . ⚠️#Incredible Seiche on #LakeErie⚠️The water level on the western basin of Lake Erie near Toledo has broken the all time lowest water level ever recorded and it is still dropping!. National Weather Service Cleveland, Ohio . December 23, 2022 . December 28, 2022.
  37. News: Meyer . Mal . Maffei . Johnny . and . December 23, 2022 . Coastal Maine hit with strong winds, 'historic' high tide from powerful storm . December 28, 2022 . WGME-TV.
  38. Web site: December 24, 2022. Flight delays, cancellations carry on after massive winter storm. January 2, 2023. ABC7 New York. en.
  39. News: White Christmas for Cape Cod & Islands thanks to ocean-effect snow . December 25, 2022 . WCVB . December 24, 2022.
  40. Web site: Historical Data – Climate – Environment and Climate Change Canada . October 31, 2011 .
  41. News: Parks . Jason . December 27, 2022 . Winter storm gripes Prince Edward County in whiteout embrace . The Picton Gazette . December 28, 2022.
  42. Web site: Past Weather for Picton, Ontario, Canada - Yesterday and Further Back. timeanddate.com. January 8, 2023.
  43. Web site: Historical Data – Climate – Environment and Climate Change Canada . October 31, 2011 .
  44. Web site: Historical Data – Climate – Environment and Climate Change Canada . October 31, 2011.
  45. Web site: Historical Data – Climate – Environment and Climate Change Canada . October 31, 2011 .
  46. Web site: Historical Data – Climate – Environment and Climate Change Canada . October 31, 2011 .
  47. News: December 25, 2022 . Fort Erie, Ont., digs out after crippling 2-day blizzard . CBC News . December 28, 2022.
  48. Web site: Past Weather for Fort Erie, Ontario, Canada - Yesterday of Further Back. timeanddate.com. January 8, 2023.
  49. News: Spiteri . Ray . Dubé . Kris . December 27, 2022 . Cleanup of 'generational storm' continues in south Niagara . December 28, 2022 . stcatharinesstandard.ca.
  50. Web site: Historical Data – Climate – Environment and Climate Change Canada . October 31, 2011 .
  51. Web site: Historical Data – Climate – Environment and Climate Change Canada . October 31, 2011 .
  52. Web site: MétéoMédia. Tempête : une rafale atteint 130 km/h. December 23, 2022.
  53. Web site: Historical Data – Climate – Environment and Climate Change Canada . October 31, 2011 .
  54. Web site: Remarks by President Biden in Briefing on Severe Winter Weather . Biden . Joe . Joe Biden . December 22, 2022 . Executive Office of the President of the United States . Oval Office . en . December 28, 2022 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20221227133219/https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/speeches-remarks/2022/12/22/remarks-by-president-biden-in-briefing-on-severe-winter-weather/ . December 27, 2022.
  55. Web site: Neysa Alund . Natalie . Nguyen . Thao . Martin . Saleen . and . December 21, 2022 . Arctic blast engulfs East Coast: Dangerously low wind chills hit; snow emergencies abound . December 23, 2022 . USA Today.
  56. News: Conlon . Shelly . December 22, 2022 . Gov. Kristi Noem declares 'winter storm emergency' for South Dakota; activates National Guard . Argus Leader . December 28, 2022.
  57. Web site: Scully . Rachel . December 23, 2022 . Here are the states where governors are taking emergency measures ahead of massive winter storm . December 23, 2022 . The Hill . en-US.
  58. Web site: People get ready to celebrate a postponed Christmas as travel gets back to normal. December 26, 2022. January 2, 2023. wndu.com.
  59. Web site: Gilmore . Rachel . December 23, 2022 . Winter storm power outages may not be fixed until Christmas Day: 'A difficult go' . December 23, 2022 . globalnews.ca.
  60. News: December 27, 2022 . US bomb cyclone: At least 59 dead as North America gripped by devastating winter storm . Sky News . December 27, 2022.
  61. Web site: 2023-01-18 . Elderly couple from Thamesville died in Christmas storm . 2023-01-20 . BlackburnNews.com . en-US.
  62. News: Tabachnik . Sam . At least 4 people died across the Front Range during historic cold front, authorities say . December 28, 2022 . The Denver Post . December 24, 2022.
  63. News: Dupont . Zachary . O'Dell . Isaac . and . December 27, 2022 . Cold weather appeared to play role in 4 Colorado Springs deaths last week . December 28, 2022 . The Gazette (Colorado Springs) . The Anschutz Corporation.
  64. Web site: Montalto . Anthony . December 27, 2022 . 'Mama, I love you,': Macon woman mourns son's death in freezing weekend weather . December 28, 2022 . WMAZ . en-US.
  65. Web site: (10:38 am. ET) Three Fatal Car Crashes in Kansas . The Weather Channel . December 23, 2022.
  66. Web site: Ellis . Mike . December 28, 2022 . Officials: Deaths of 8 people in mid-Michigan linked to snow and cold . January 5, 2023 . Lansing State Journal . en-US.
  67. Web site: December 27, 2022 . Homeless man died in cold weather trying to get to family . December 28, 2022 . CIProud.com . en-US.
  68. Web site: December 22, 2022 . 76-year-old victim identified after crashing vehicle upside down into icy Brush Creek in KCMO . March 20, 2024 . KMBC.
  69. Web site: Breslin . Sean . Jan Wesner . Childs . and . December 23, 2022 . Death Toll Rises To Six . December 23, 2022 . The Weather Channel.
  70. News: Hutchinson . Bill . December 29, 2022 . Buffalo braces for possible flooding as temperatures rise after major storm . ABC News . December 29, 2022.
  71. Web site: Duke. Adam. January 3, 2023. Blizzard of '22: Two more confirmed storm-related deaths bring total in WNY to 42. wivb.com. January 5, 2023.
  72. News: US winter storm: Icy blast hits 250m Americans and Canadians . BBC News . December 24, 2022 . December 24, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221224175346/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-64083129 . December 24, 2022 . live.
  73. Web site: Morgan . Tara . December 27, 2022 . 72-year-old woman found dead outside assisted living facility in Cleveland Heights, officials say . December 28, 2022 . News 5 Cleveland WEWS . en.
  74. Web site: December 28, 2022 . Heating methods eyed in Ohio fire after family of 6 killed . December 28, 2022 . spectrumnews1.com . en.
  75. Web site: Yu . Chris . December 22, 2022 . OHP RESPONDS TO HUNDREDS OF CRASHES; AT LEAST 3 KILLED . December 23, 2022 . News 9.
  76. Web site: Freezing rain and snow snarl travel in Pacific Northwest. OPB. December 27, 2022. January 19, 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20230119041347/https://www.opb.org/article/2022/12/20/freezing-rain-snow-pacific-northwest-travel-conditions/?outputType=amp. dead.
  77. At 3:25 pm EST, 1 SSW Collegeville [Montgomery Co, PA] 911 CALL CENTER reports NON-TSTM WND DMG. *** 1 FATAL *** UPDATES PREVIOUS NON-TSTM WND DMG REPORT FROM 1 SSW COLLEGEVILLE. DOWNED TREE ONTO POWERLINES ON PA ROUTE 29 IN UPPER PROVIDENCE TWP. A... . iembot_phi . 1606462088603324422 . December 24, 2022 . IEMBot . December 24, 2022.
  78. Web site: Montgomery . Bob . December 28, 2022 . Arctic blast leads to 2 deaths in Upstate SC. Some Southwest flights canceled out of GSP. . December 28, 2022 . The Greenville News . en-US.
  79. Web site: Man on oxygen dies after winter weather knocks out power at SC home, coroner says .
  80. Web site: Jacob . Newton . December 22, 2022 . 1 weather-related death in Todd County, coroner says . December 24, 2022 . KELOLAND.com . en-US.
  81. Web site: One dead amid cold snap in Memphis, death was 'weather related', MPD says . December 23, 2022 . The Commercial Appeal . en-US.
  82. Web site: 18 die as monster storm brings rain, snow, cold across US . December 24, 2022 . AP News . December 25, 2022.
  83. News: Goldstein-Street . Jake . January 4, 2023 . Cold snap left at least 1 dead in Snohomish County . The Everett Herald . January 4, 2023.
  84. Web site: A powerful winter storm claims at least 22 lives across the US as temperatures plunge, winds howl and power lines fall . December 24, 2022 . CNN . December 25, 2022.
  85. Web site: Thompson . Carolyn . Bleiberg . Jake . and . December 25, 2022 . Winter Storm Death Toll Rises to 24 as Many Go Without Power in Brutal Cold . December 25, 2022 . NBC Philadelphia.
  86. Web site: Severe winter weather system causes at least 3 deaths in Kentucky, governor says . December 23, 2022 . Alvarado . Caroll . CNN . December 23, 2022.
  87. News: Niel . Clara . Green . Bill . and . December 23, 2022 . Man dies after tree falls on his car while he was driving, police say . December 27, 2022 . Frederick News Post.
  88. Web site: December 24, 2022 . OSHP: Four killed in 50-car pileup crash on Ohio Turnpike . December 25, 2022 . 13abc.com . en.
  89. News: Thompson . Carolyn . Peltz . Jennifer . and . December 27, 2022 . Military police enforce driving ban in snow-stricken Buffalo . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20221229011703/https://www.cp24.com/world/military-police-enforce-driving-ban-in-snow-stricken-buffalo-1.6209503 . December 29, 2022 . December 30, 2022 . CP24 . Associated Press.
  90. Web site: Thompson. Carolyn. Peltz. Jennifer. National Guard checks homes in Buffalo for blizzard victims. December 28, 2022. Associated Press. December 28, 2022.
  91. News: Buffalo faces more snow after deadliest storm in decades . December 28, 2022 . Politico . December 27, 2022.
  92. Web site: Sullivan . Becky . December 21, 2022 . A massive winter storm is sweeping across the U.S., making holiday travel dangerous . December 22, 2022 . NPR.
  93. News: Fox . Lauren . Fortin . Jacey . Paz . Isabella Grullón . December 22, 2022 . With roughly 10,000 flights affected by weather, travelers adjust or abandon their holiday plans. . en-US . The New York Times . December 27, 2022 . 0362-4331.
  94. Web site: Flights in and out of Cleveland likely to resume Saturday. December 23, 2022. ideastream.org. January 4, 2023.
  95. Web site: December 23, 2022 . Chicago winter storm: frigid temps persist ahead of Christmas weekend . March 20, 2023 . CBS News.
  96. News: December 22, 2022 . WestJet cancels flights out of B.C. and Ontario due to winter storms . Canadian Broadcasting Corporation . December 23, 2022.
  97. News: Galea. Irene. The Globe and Mail. December 23, 2022. Flight Disruptions expected to extend into Saturday as holiday week storm his British Columbia, Ontario and Quebec. December 31, 2022.
  98. Web site: Sarisohn . Hannah . December 23, 2022 . Alaska Airlines cancels morning departures from Seattle and Portland due to icy runway conditions . December 23, 2022 . CNN.
  99. News: Snowstorm halts flights at Canada's second busiest airport in Vancouver . August 23, 2023 . Reuters . December 21, 2022.
  100. News: Shepardson . David . December 26, 2022 . U.S. to examine Southwest Airlines cancellations, calls 'unacceptable' . Reuters . December 27, 2022.
  101. News: Southwest Airlines flight cancellations continue to snowball. David. Koenig. Associated Press News. December 28, 2022. December 28, 2022.
  102. Web site: Brovold. Ashley. Portions of I-94, US 52, US 281, and ND 46 closed due to winter weather. December 22, 2022. January 2, 2023. valleynewslive.com. en.
  103. https://www.desmoinesregister.com/story/weather/2022/12/21/iowa-winter-storm-warning-forecast-snow-wind-travel-live-updates/69745620007/ Updates: Blizzard warning across Iowa ends Saturday, I-35 reopens
  104. https://www.dot.state.mn.us/news/2022/12/23-d7-i90closed.html I-90 from the South Dakota border to Albert Lea will close to traffic again at 2 p.m.
  105. https://www.kmbc.com/amp/article/kansas-city-Missouri-weather-forecast-winter-storm-snow-live-blog/42316159 Low visibility, slick conditions will remain even after snow stops
  106. Web site: Boldrey . Ryan . December 23, 2022 . See video, photos from I-94 pileup involving nine semi trucks . December 23, 2022 . mlive . en.
  107. News: I-71 closes again south of Cincinnati: 'Avoid this area' . December 25, 2022 . Fox19 . December 23, 2022.
  108. Web site: More Accidents on interstates surrounding Chicago. December 23, 2022. CBS News. January 3, 2022.
  109. Web site: Burke . Minyvonne . Stelloh . Tim . and . December 23, 2022 . 50-car crash in Ohio leaves 1 person dead and multiple others injured, authorities say . December 24, 2022 . NBC News . en.
  110. Web site: December 24, 2022 . Video: What it took to get Ohio Turnpike reopened following fatal pileup . December 26, 2022 . Fox 8 Cleveland WJW . en-US.
  111. Web site: December 23, 2022 . Four people dead, 46 vehicles involved in crash on Ohio Turnpike across Sandusky, Erie counties . December 26, 2022 . WTOL . en-US.
  112. Web site: OSHP: Four killed in 50-vehicle pileup crash on Ohio Turnpike . December 23, 2022 . December 26, 2022 . WTVG . en.
  113. Web site: Portions of several major Western NY highways closed due to weather . December 23, 2022 . spectrumlocalnews.com . en.
  114. Web site: Brown . Nicki . December 23, 2022 . Travel ban issued in the city of Niagara Falls, New York . December 23, 2022 . CNN.
  115. Web site: December 23, 2022 . Travel bans, advisories, road closures in effect for winter storm on Friday . December 23, 2022 . wgrz.com . en-US.
  116. Web site: December 23, 2022. Updates for travel bans, advisories, and road closures. January 2, 2023. wgrz.com. en.
  117. Web site: Thompson. Carolyn. Peltz. Jennifer. December 27, 2022. Military police enforce driving ban in snow-stricken Buffalo. Associated Press. January 27, 2022.
  118. Web site: Shapiro . Emily . Hutchinson . Bill . and . December 27, 2022 . 'Blizzard of Century': Death toll rises, military to enforce driving ban in Buffalo . December 28, 2022 . ABC News.
  119. News: DeDario. Lindsay. Mckay. Rich. Buffalo, N.Y., digs out from deadly blizzard; warming could bring rain, slush. Reuters. December 28, 2022. December 28, 2022.
  120. Web site: Salahieh. Nouran. Prolonged winter storm causes at least 37 deaths and leaves thousands without power. December 25, 2022. CNN. January 5, 2023.
  121. Web site: Adams. Saundra . Buffalo driving ban lifted early Thursday morning. wgrz.com. December 28, 2022. December 30, 2022.
  122. Web site: Charalambous. Peter. NYU to review Buffalo's blizzard response after storm leaves 39 dead. January 2, 2023. abcnews.go.com. January 8, 2023.
  123. Web site: Mirand. Kirsten. January 2, 2023. City of Buffalo officials take steps to prepare for the next major storm. wkbw.com. January 8, 2023.
  124. Web site: Wesner Childs. Jan. Man Survives 15 Hours Stuck In Buffalo Blizzard, Then Helps Others. December 28, 2022. wunderground.com. January 9, 2023.
  125. http://slapointewx.com/wrgb/weather_historical_daily/2022/Dec23_Storm.html High Impact Storm - Thursday-Friday December 22-23, 2022 Heavy Rain and Strong Wind Event - Flash Freeze - Localized Upslope Snow Event
  126. Web site: NJDOT issues commercial vehicle restrictions on multiple Interstate highways beginning at 9 a.m. Friday, December 23 . New Jersey Department of Transportation . December 22, 2022 . January 7, 2023.
  127. Web site: 2022-12-23 . Upper level of Verrazzano-Narrows Bridge closed due to inclement weather . 2024-03-20 . silive.com . en.
  128. Web site: 2022-12-28 . Temperatures plummet as some on Long Island clean up flooding - Newsday . 2024-03-20 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221228075707/https://www.newsday.com/news/weather/long-island-weather-friday-outages-nmvf2mn5 . December 28, 2022 .
  129. News: Sandstrom . Alison . December 23, 2022 . Up to 100 vehicles involved in crashes on Hwy 401 south of London . CTV News Kitchener . CTV Television Network . December 23, 2022.
  130. News: Hyshka . Ashley . December 23, 2022 . 50+ car pileup forces closure of Highway 402 from London to Sarnia . CTV News London . CTV Television Network . December 23, 2022.
  131. News: Miller . Scott . December 23, 2022 . Blizzard closes roads across Midwestern Ontario . CTV News London . CTV Television Network . December 23, 2022.
  132. News: Phillips . Kim . December 23, 2022 . OPP close roads as winter storm hammers the region . CTV News Barrie . CTV Television Network . December 23, 2022.
  133. News: Hyshka . Ashley . 2022-12-24 . 'Stay home': Highway 402 remains closed on Saturday . live . en . . . https://web.archive.org/web/20221231151522/https://london.ctvnews.ca/stay-home-highway-402-remains-closed-on-saturday-1.6208224 . 2022-12-31 . 2023-01-15.
  134. News: Staff . December 23, 2022 . All Niagara bridges are closed U.S. bound due to storm-related U.S. travel bans . CTV News Toronto . CTV Television Network . December 24, 2022.
  135. News: Raymond. Ted. December 26, 2022 . Roads reopen in Prince Edward County after storm shuts down region. CTV News Ottawa . CTV Television Network .
  136. News: Staff . December 24, 2022 . What you need to know about the holiday storm that hit eastern Ontario, western Quebec. Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. December 27, 2022.
  137. News: D-Avino. Christian. December 24, 2022. Weather conditions close Highway 11 from north of Orillia to Huntsville. CTV News Barrie. December 27, 2022.
  138. https://www.kiro7.com/news/local/i-90-closed-both-directions-due-snowy-conditions/WOSU2IUN7VF3VJOUTMRLZFB5GM/ Snoqualmie, Stevens passes reopen following Tuesday’s snowy conditions
  139. Web site: 2022-12-23 . Chicago Metra, CTA Trains Report Freezing Switches, Train Tracking Problems, 'Mechanical' Failures From Winter Storm . 2024-03-20 . NBC Chicago . en-US.
  140. Web site: NFTA suspends Metro bus, rail, paratransit service for Sunday. December 22, 2022. wgrz.com. December 30, 2022.
  141. News: 2022-12-27 . NFTA resumes some bus routes following blizzard . live . en . . . https://archive.today/20230115155836/https://www.wgrz.com/article/news/local/nfta-resumes-some-bus-routes-following-blizzard/71-fb326a07-e66b-417f-9820-c72a5c14b969 . 2023-01-15 . 2023-01-15 . Metro Rail service has also been restored..
  142. News: Flooding from winter storm overwhelms several NY shore communities . live . en . New York . WABC-TV . https://web.archive.org/web/20221228125435/https://abc7ny.com/winter-storm-flooding-flash-tidal/12605903/ . December 28, 2022 . December 29, 2022 . December 23, 2022.
  143. News: Greene . Leonard . Gartland . Michael . Assuñçao . Muri . and . December 23, 2022 . NYC deep freeze in 'kitchen sink storm'; neighborhoods slammed by flash floods, high winds, high tides . December 24, 2022 . Daily News . New York.
  144. Web site: Lazar . David . Davitt . John . Konig . Joseph . Brosnan . Erica . and . 2022-12-22 . Storm updates: High winds, cold temps to dominate after rain moves out . 2024-03-20 . ny1.com . en.
  145. News: Staff . December 23, 2022 . Toronto winter storm updates: More than a third of flights cancelled at Pearson airport; up to 100 vehicles involved in collisions on 401 . Toronto Star . December 23, 2022.
  146. News: Kroman . David . December 23, 2022 . 2 Sea-Tac Airport runways close; Metro, Sound Transit bus service halted . The Seattle Times . December 23, 2022.
  147. https://www.victorianow.com/watercooler/news/news/Victoria/Snowmageddon_Buses_flights_and_more_cancelled_in_Victoria_due_to_winter_storm Snowmaggeden: Buses, ferries, flights and more cancelled in Victoria due to winter storm
    • Amtrak . AmtrakAlerts . Forecasted Severe Winter Weather Causes Service Changes . 1605681442561957904 . December 21, 2022 . December 25, 2022 . en.
    • Amtrak . AmtrakAlerts . Forecasted Severe Winter Weather Causes Service Changes. . 1606056280849895426 . December 23, 2022 . December 25, 2022 . en.
    • Amtrak . AmtrakAlerts . Forecasted Severe Winter Weather Causes Service Changes Update . 1606101671213268992 . December 23, 2022 . December 25, 2022 . en.
    • Amtrak . AmtrakAlerts . UPDATE: Trains 307, 354, 364, & 383 continued to be delayed in Chicago (CHI). . 1606498834800074752 . December 24, 2022 . December 25, 2022 . en.
    • Amtrak . AmtrakAlerts . Carolinian Train 80, which departed Charlotte (CLT), on 12/23 is currently operating approx. 4hrs late due to earlier freight train interference, signal, and weather-related issues along its route. . 1606531907361116161 . December 24, 2022 . December 25, 2022 . en.
    • Amtrak . AmtrakAlerts . UPDATE: Carolinian Train 80 will terminate in Baltimore (BAL). Customers are to board Train 66. We apologize for the inconvenience. . 1606535903727554562 . December 24, 2022 . December 25, 2022 . en.
    • Amtrak . AmtrakAlerts . Due to ongoing delays from winter storm Elliot, Carolinian Train 79 is canceled. For more information, please call or text 1-800-USA-RAIL. . 1606610698993340416 . December 24, 2022 . December 25, 2022 . en.
    • Amtrak . AmtrakAlerts . UPDATE: Train 364 which departed Chicago (CHI) on 12/23 is back on the move and is currently operating approximately 11hrs 45mins late. . 1606615898575577088 . December 24, 2022 . December 25, 2022 . en.
    • Amtrak . AmtrakAlerts . Due to the residual effects of winter weather, Lincoln service train 307 which departs Chicago (CHI) on 12/23 is cancelled. For more information, please call or text 1-800-USA-RAIL. . 1606628937286750209 . December 24, 2022 . December 25, 2022 . en.
    • Amtrak . AmtrakAlerts . Due to the residual effects of winter weather, Lincoln service train 302 is canceled. For more information, please call or text 1-800-USA-RAIL. . 1606630000022757376 . December 24, 2022 . December 25, 2022 . en.
    • Due to the residual effects of winter weather, Capitol Limited Train 29 which departs Washington (WAS) on 12/24 is cancelled. For more information, please call or text 1-800-USA-RAIL. . Amtrak . AmtrakAlerts . 1606642838128795648 . December 24, 2022 . December 25, 2022 . en.
    • Due to the residual effects of winter weather, Capitol Limited Train 30 which departs Chicago (CHI) on 12/24 is cancelled. For more information, please call or text 1-800-USA-RAIL. . Amtrak . AmtrakAlerts . 1606644022025527298 . December 24, 2022 . December 25, 2022 . en.
    • Due to ongoing delays from winter storm Elliot, Carolinian Train 80 scheduled to for service on 12/25 is cancelled. For more information, please call or text 1-800-USA-RAIL. . Amtrak . AmtrakAlerts . 1606786819307323395 . December 25, 2022 . December 25, 2022 . en.
  149. News: Oshin . Olafimihan . December 22, 2022 . Amtrak suspending some service due to massive winter storm . The Hill . December 22, 2022.
  150. Web site: 'Stressed beyond belief': Via Rail passengers stranded on trains for over 18 hours amid winter storm. CP24. Joshua. Freeman. December 24, 2022. December 24, 2022. en.
  151. News: VIA Rail service between Toronto and Ottawa, Montreal cancelled due to winter storm and CN train derailment . The Globe and Mail. Salmaan . Farooqui. Toronto, Ontario. December 24, 2022. December 25, 2022.
  152. Web site: December 22, 2022 . Regional emergency declaration ordered by feds . December 23, 2022 . Land Line . en-US.
  153. Web site: Kaska . Jimmie . Gov. Evers declares energy emergency in Wisconsin . December 22, 2022 . December 23, 2022 . weau.com . en.
  154. Web site: December 23, 2022 . Gov. Reynolds issues proclamation for transport of fuel used for heat during blizzard . December 23, 2022 . KCCI . en.
  155. Web site: December 21, 2022 . South Dakota, Colorado issue HOS waivers over fuel concerns . December 23, 2022 . Land Line . en-US.
  156. Web site: Garcia . Roxanne . December 23, 2022 . Nearly 1.5 million customers are without power across the US . December 23, 2022 . CNN.
  157. News: Elemroussi . Aya . Sanchez . Ray . Levenson . Eric . At least 9 dead as massive winter storm leaves more than a million without power and bitter cold across much of US . CNN . December 23, 2022 . December 31, 2022 .
  158. News: Allen . Emily . Russell . Eric . Storm batters Maine's coastal communities, causes widespread flooding and outages . Press Herald . December 23, 2022 . December 31, 2022 . subscription.
  159. News: McAlee . Hope . December 23, 2022 . TVA ends rolling blackouts across East Tennessee . December 23, 2022 . WJHL | Tri-Cities News & Weather . en-US.
  160. Web site: Crouse . Tommy . December 23, 2022 . Thousands of Middle Tennesseans impacted by power outages during dangerous cold . December 23, 2022 . News Channel 5 Nashville (WTVF) . en.
  161. Web site: Williams . Javon . Montgomery . Charles . Many customers throughout North Alabama experiencing power outages, TVA cancels rolling blackouts . December 22, 2022 . December 23, 2022 . waff.com . en.
  162. News: Shaffer . Josh . Dean . Korie . Hendrickson . Dave . Dolder . Lars . and . December 24, 2022 . Weather updates: With demand peaking, Duke begins 'short, temporary' outages to save grid . December 31, 2022 . The News and Observer.
  163. Web site: Blizzard 2022 storm updates: The latest across WNY. December 28, 2022. wgrz.com. January 10, 2023.
  164. News: Ferreira . Jennifer . December 27, 2022 . Thousands in Ontario, Quebec still in the dark as power outages persist . CTV News . CTV Television Network . December 28, 2022.
  165. Web site: NHL postpones 2 games scheduled for Friday because of weather . National Hockey League . December 23, 2022 . December 22, 2022.
  166. Web site: Sabres game against Blue Jackets on Tuesday postponed due to weather . National Hockey League . December 26, 2022 . December 26, 2022.
  167. News: Hipes . Patrick . NFL Delays Titans-Texans Kickoff In Tennessee Because Of Winter Storm . Deadline . December 24, 2022 . December 31, 2022 .
  168. Web site: Tyson Foods suspends operations at some meatpacking plants. . December 22, 2022 . Kelley . Lora . The New York Times . December 22, 2022.
  169. Web site: Smith . Diane . Christmas alert: Amazon closes some sites, stop deliveries due to winter storm Elliott . December 23, 2022 . December 23, 2022 . Akron Beacon Journal . en-US.
  170. Web site: December 23, 2022 . USPS, Amazon and FedEx close facilities across the country due to winter storm conditions . December 23, 2022 . ABC7 New York . en.
  171. Web site: Jackson . Hannah . Some school closures already announced in Ontario for Friday ahead of winter storm. December 22, 2022 . December 23, 2022 . globalnews.ca. en.
  172. News: Canada's Wonderland closes WinterFest due to snowstorm . June 1, 2023 . Insauga . December 23, 2022.
  173. Web site: Repanshek . Kurt . Parks Close As Bitter Cold, Snow Sweeps Over Them . National Parks Traveler . December 23, 2022 . December 31, 2022 .
  174. News: McAlee . Hope . Winter storm forces some East Tennessee attractions to close, adjust hours . WATE . December 22, 2022 . December 31, 2022 .
  175. Web site: Betti. Tony. Dollywood to be closed for Christmas as extreme winter weather arrives in region. December 22, 2022. laughingplace.com. January 6, 2023.
  176. News: Gilliam . Ben . Lee . Murry . Cold & snow closes Dollywood Tuesday . WJHL . December 26, 2022 . December 31, 2022 .
  177. News: 1,600 bats fell to the ground during Houston's cold snap. Here's how they were saved . . December 28, 2022 . December 29, 2022.
  178. Web site: Extremely cold air from Siberia will send US into deep freeze days before Christmas . https://web.archive.org/web/20221215050613/http://www.msn.com/en-us/weather/topstories/extremely-cold-air-from-siberia-will-send-us-into-deep-freeze-days-before-christmas/ar-AA15hzbf . dead . December 15, 2022 . 2023-03-01 . MSN . en-US.
  179. News: Kirk . Alexander . Bianchi . Chris . Denver records coldest temperature since 1990 . Denver News . December 22, 2022 . December 31, 2022 .
  180. News: Kirk . Alexander . Snow totals: Here's how much fell across Colorado . Denver News . December 22, 2022 . December 31, 2022 .
  181. NWSBoulder . National Weather Service Denver/Boulder, Colorado . 1605941779055972352 . December 22, 2022 . December 31, 2022 . ⬇DIA briefly dropped to −24F this morning, just shy of meeting the monthly record set in 1990. With temperatures recently trending "warmer", there's a good chance this will be the final low temperature. #COwx.
  182. News: Cook . Lanie Lee . Denver airport sees record-breaking temperature drop . KDVR . December 21, 2022 . December 31, 2022 .
  183. News: Tabachnik . Sam . Arctic blast triggers 75-degree temperature swing in Denver — second-largest on record . The Denver Post . December 22, 2022 . December 31, 2022 .
  184. News: Whitley . Morgan . Denver hits 2nd coldest day on record during arctic freeze . KDVR . December 23, 2022 . December 31, 2022 .
  185. News: Sorace . Stephen . Temperature in Wyoming drops 40 degrees in a half hour as wind chills freeze US, break records . Fox News . December 21, 2022 . December 31, 2022 .
  186. News: Wolfson . Joshua . Record low: Casper temp plunged to minus 42 overnight . Casper Star Tribune . December 22, 2022 . December 31, 2022 .
  187. Web site: Dennis . Ryan . December 22, 2022 . How cold did it get in Montana? . December 28, 2022 . KRTV.
  188. https://calgary.citynews.ca/2022/12/21/extreme-cold-continues-in-calgary-records-broken-across-alberta/ Extreme cold continues in Calgary, records broken across Alberta
  189. News: Brink . Haley . Chinchar . Allison . A 47-degree drop in Denver in 2 hours. Here are some of the other dramatic temperature changes . CNN . December 23, 2022 . December 31, 2022 .
  190. Web site: 2022-12-21 . A weather rarity for Central Texas: wind chill warning . 2024-03-20 . KXAN Austin . en-US.
  191. News: Yablonski . Steven . Sistek . Scott . Record-breaking cold, life-threatening wind chills plunge 150 million Americans into deep freeze . Fox Weather . December 23, 2022 . December 31, 2022 .
  192. News: Lang . Kirsten . From heat to cold to drought, 2022 weather was dramatic but not record-setting . Tulsa World . December 27, 2022 . December 31, 2022 .
  193. Web site: 2022-12-24 . Temperatures rise — barely — after Chicago's coldest December day in nearly 40 years . 2024-03-20 . Chicago Sun-Times . en.
  194. News: Stutler . Hannah . 2022 in review: When were the warmest and coldest days of the year? . December 30, 2022 . WKBN . December 29, 2022.
  195. The wind chill dropped to −36.3° early this morning. This the lowest wind chill recorded in #Cincinnati since January 1994...a cold I remember well! #cincywx . 1606330991861288960 . ScottDimmich . Scott Dimmich . December 23, 2022 . January 7, 2022.
  196. NWSILN . National Weather Service Wilmington, Ohio . How dramatic was the temp drop? [...] . 1606325846771392513 . January 7, 2022.
  197. Web site: US Department of Commerce . NOAA . Dec 23-24, 2022 Winter Storm and Arctic Blast . 2024-03-20 . weather.gov . EN-US.
  198. News: Jimenez . Kayla . January 13, 2023 . Jackson, Mississippi, water crisis closed school campuses (again). What is the path forward? . March 20, 2024 . USA Today.
  199. News: Parents frustrated as water crisis forces all Jackson Public Schools into remote learning . . January 4, 2023 . January 13, 2023 .
  200. NWSAtlanta . National Weather Service Peachtree City/Atlanta, Georgia . 1606585734743425024 . December 24, 2022 . December 31, 2022 . Athens was yesterday's "lucky" winner in the cold weather lottery. A new record low minimum temperature of 11F occurred at 11:59 PM last night (the lowest since 1989!), and temperatures have continued to fall into the single digits this morning. Bundle up! #gawx.
  201. Web site: Blue Ridge Parkway closed in North Carolina ahead of Christmas weekend, brutal cold, ice . 2024-03-20 . The Asheville Citizen Times . en-US.
  202. News: Bushard . Brian . Winter Storm Elliott: Here's Which Cities Set Record Low Temperatures (So Far) . Forbes . December 24, 2022 . December 31, 2022 .
  203. NWSNewYorkNY . National Weather Service New York/Upton, New York . 1606825710777405440 . December 24, 2022 . December 31, 2022 . We observed record cold on this Christmas Eve. JFK, LGA, Islip, & Bridgeport only hit 16°F and Newark only reached 17°F. These are new record low maximum temps for Dec 24. Central Park's high was 15°F, making it the 2nd coldest Dec 24 since 1869. Previous record was 13°F in 1872..
  204. Web site: Keleshian . Kristie . 2022-12-24 . Cars stuck in frozen floodwaters in Edgewater, New Jersey - CBS New York . 2024-03-20 . cbsnews.com . en-US.
  205. https://www.newsday.com/amp/long-island/ice-storm-long-island-cpkn7anp Ice is challenge for Long Islanders after a winter storm flooded streets and toppled trees
  206. News: Porter . Greg . PM Update: Washington has coldest Christmas Eve afternoon on record; frigid into Sunday, too . December 25, 2022 . The Washington Post . December 24, 2022.
  207. News: Kummer . Frank . Holiday weather whipsaw: From record 'low high' Christmas Eve to near record warmth New Year's Day . Philadelphia Inquirer . December 26, 2022 . December 31, 2022 .
  208. News: Berk . Justin . December 26 Still Cold But Warming And Record Buffalo Snow . Just in Weather . December 26, 2022 . December 31, 2022 .
  209. News: Stiver . Clayton . Christmas Day to be one of the coldest in decades; temperatures modify next week . WMFZ . December 24, 2022 . December 31, 2022 .
  210. Web site: 2023-12-23 . Winter Storm Watch: Bitter cold Christmas weekend ahead in Philly region . 2024-03-20 . WHYY . en-US.
  211. 1738629609758040119 . nws_mountholly . One year ago today, Philadelphia experienced it widest single calendar day temperature swing on record, going from an early morning high of 59 to a low just before midnight of 9 degrees, a range of 50 degrees. Never before has the temperature swung that far between midnights. . NWS Mount Holly . December 23, 2023.
  212. News: Mink . Ryan . New Record Set for Coldest Home Game in Ravens History . December 25, 2022 . BaltimoreRavens.com . December 24, 2022.
  213. Web site: Huber . Jason . 2022-12-24 . Panthers dominate run game, defeat Lions in coldest home game ever to keep playoff hopes alive . 2024-03-20 . wbtv.com . en.
  214. News: Still lingering: Water outages impact South Asheville breweries, hospital . Honosky . Sarah . January 8, 2023 . . . January 6, 2023. .
  215. Web site: Kolenich . Eric . 2022-12-24 . Christmas Eve was numbingly cold in Richmond, tying the record . 2023-03-01 . Richmond Times-Dispatch . en.
  216. Web site: 2022-12-23 . High winds, downed trees knock out power for thousands in Central Virginia . 2023-03-01 . CBS 6 News Richmond WTVR . en.
  217. Web site: Wise . Megan . Meyers . Rachel . and . 2022-12-20 . First Alert Weather Days: Gusty winds and very cold Saturday . 2023-03-01 . nbc12.com . en.
  218. Web site: Storm Events Database - Event Details National Centers for Environmental Information . 2024-03-20 . ncdc.noaa.gov.
  219. Web site: Storm Events Database - Event Details National Centers for Environmental Information . 2024-03-20 . ncdc.noaa.gov.
  220. Web site: Storm Events Database - Event Details National Centers for Environmental Information . 2024-03-20 . ncdc.noaa.gov.
  221. Web site: 2022-12-27 . YOUR PHOTOS: Clipper System brings light snowfall to Metro Atlanta, North Georgia . 2024-03-20 . 95.5 WSB . en.
  222. News: Cohen . Matt . Christmas Day low temperatures set records among coldest in Tampa Bay's history . December 25, 2022 . Tampa Bay Times . December 25, 2022.
  223. News: Some Central Florida residents experience snow, sleet on Christmas morning . December 26, 2022 . WTFV . December 25, 2022.
  224. News: Friedman . Mark . Universal Studios Shuts Down Attractions on Christmas . December 28, 2022 . Inside the Magic . December 26, 2022.
  225. NWSMiami . National Weather Service Miami, Florida . December 26, 2022 . December 31, 2022 . 1607312548021370880 . Yesterday was cold...and it turns out we broke some records! It was the coldest Christmas on record in terms of high temperatures at our climate sites. The Last time we had high temps this cold was in 2010 in Miami, Naples and Ft. Lauderdale and 1989 in Palm Beach..
  226. Web site: Gonzalez . Lissette . 2022-12-26 . Miami Weather: After record cold on Christmas Day, warm up this week - CBS Miami . 2024-03-20 . cbsnews.com . en-US.
  227. Web site: Hanson . Kyle . January 10, 2023 . Tampa saw record-breaking warmth and above normal rainfall in 2022 . 2024-03-20 . baynews9.com . en.

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