Languages of the Solomon Islands archipelago explained

Between 60 and 70 languages are spoken in the Solomon Islands archipelago[1] which covers a broader area than the nation state of Solomon Islands,[2] and includes the island of Bougainville, which is an autonomous province of Papua New Guinea (PNG). The lingua franca of the archipelago is Pijin, and the official language in both countries is English.

Language families

Most of the languages in the Solomon Islands archipelago are Austronesian languages.

The Central Solomon languages such as Bilua, Lavukaleve, Savosavo and Touo constitute an independent family within the Papuan languages.

Two other language families are represented on Bougainville, which forms part of the nation of Papua New Guinea but is geographically part of the archipelago.

The status of the Reefs – Santa Cruz languages were once thought to be non-Austronesian, but further research found them to be divergent Austronesian languages.[3] The neighbouring languages of Vanikoro are also heavily relexified Austronesian languages.

An indigenous sign language, Rennellese Sign Language, has gone extinct.

Languages of the Solomon Islands archipelago

Language data-sort-type=number Speakers data-sort-type=number % of total popⁿ !Area FamilyBranch
Pijinpis (lg 1)
 (lg 2)
4.0689 (lg 1)51.2162 (lg 2)Creole
'Are'arealu2.9695MalaitaSoutheast SolomonicOceanic
Arosiaia1.1261Makira
Baeggubvd0.9843Malaita
Baeleleabvc1.4681Malaita
Baurobxa0.5706Makira
Biraobrr0.9843Guadalcanal
Bughotubgt0.6753Santa Isabel
Dori'odor0.4014Malaita
Faganifaf0.1505Makira
Fatalekafar1.1182Malaita
Gelanlg1.9813Nggela Islands
Gharigri2.0218Guadalcanal
Gula'alaagmb0.2616Malaita
Kahuaagw0.8625Makira
Kwaiokwd2.2103Malaita
Kwara'aekwf5.4107Malaita
Laullu2.8256Malaita
Lengolgr2.2942Guadalcanal
Longgulgu0.3160Guadalcanal
Orohaora0.0063Malaita
Owastn0.5120Makira
Sa'aapb1.9217Malaita
Talisetlr2.0895Guadalcanal
Toqabaqitamlu2.0974Malaita
Walalgl1.1641Malaita
mln 0.6898
gil 0.2052Micronesian
Tanematnx0.0002VanikoroTemotu
Asubuoaua0.0017Utupua
Ambautp0.0989Utupua
Äiwoonfl1.4014Reef Islands
Lovonovnk0.0007Vanikoro
Nanggungr0.0350Nendö
Natüguntu0.7140Nendö
Nalögonlz0.2703Nendö
Tanibilitbe0.0025Utupua
Teanutkw0.1335Vanikoro
Rennellese Sign Language0.0000Rennell and Bellona ProvinceHome sign
Rennellesemnv0.5323Polynesian
Luangiuaojv0.3949Ontong Java
Sikaianasky0.1220Sikaiana
Tikopiatkp0.5545Tikopia, Vanikoro
Vaeakau-Taumakopiv0.1905Duff Is, Reef Is
Anutaaud0.0445Anuta Island
Lunggalga0.4616RanonggaWestern Oceanic
Marovomvo1.3503New Georgia
Monomte0.5567Shortland Is, Treasury Is
Ririorri0.0132Choiseul Province
Rovianarug1.6468New Georgia
Babatanabaa0.9342Choiseul Province
Blablangablp0.2956Santa Isabel
Cheke Holomrn1.8084Santa Isabel
Dukenke0.3857Kolombangara
Ghanonggaghn0.4184Ranongga
Hoavahoa0.0766New Georgia
Kazukurukzk0.0000New Georgia
Kokotakkk0.0884Santa Isabel
Kusagheksg0.3996New Georgia
Simbosbb0.4506Simbo
Ugheleuge0.2005Rendova Island
Vaghuatva0.3270Choiseul Province
Vangunumpr0.1513Vangunu
Varisivrs0.8610Choiseul Province
Gaogga0.2027Santa Isabel
lgb 0.0025
Zabanakji0.5597Santa Isabel
Zazaojaj0.0017Santa Isabel
Lavukalevelvk0.2975Russell IslandsCentral Solomonic
Savosavosvs0.4029Savo
Touotqu0.3126Rendova Island
Biluablb1.4581Vella Lavella

Italics indicate that a language is extinct.

Sources

Notes and References

  1. [#DTH|Tryon & Hackman (1983)]
  2. Ples Blong Iumi: Solomon Islands the Past Four Thousand Years, Hugh Laracy (ed.), University of the South Pacific, 1989,
  3. [#RN|Ross & Næss (2007)]