Lamont–Doherty Earth Observatory Explained

Company Name:Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory
Company Type:Non-profit research institute
Foundation:1948
Key People:Steven L. Goldstein, Interim Director [1]
Homepage:www.ldeo.columbia.edu

The Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory (LDEO) is a research institution specializing in the Earth science and climate change. Though part of Columbia University, it is located on a separate closed campus in Palisades, New York.

The Observatory was one of the centers of research that led to the development of the theory of Plate Tectonics as well as many other notable scientific developments.

Campus

LDEO is located in Palisades, New York on a property overlooking the Hudson River which was once the weekend residence of banker Thomas W. Lamont. It was donated to the university in 1948 by his widow, Florence Lamont.[2] In 1969, the Observatory was renamed "Lamont-Doherty" following a gift from the Henry L. and Grace Doherty Charitable Foundation.[3]

Research

Climate change

The LDEO is a substantial source of data for the US government in relation to climate change. Faculty at the LDEO have been noted for giving climate change testimony to Congress in relation to melting ice sheets.[4] NOAA has also noted the LDEO's Global Ocean Surface Water Partial Pressure of CO2 Database as being an instrumental source of partial pressure carbon dioxide data (pCO2), which can, in turn, detail the amount of carbon dioxide dissolved in the earth's oceans. Many versions of the LDEO database have been published over the years, dating back to 2006.[5]

Tree rings

The tree-ring lab at the LDEO studies the effects on climate and climate change on trees. In an interview, Nicole Davi from the LDEO noted findings like the formation of tree-rings during extended dry seasons, as well as work being done to carbon-date trees to verify tree ring data.[6]

Core repository

The core repository at the LDEO stores various drilled sediment samples from the earth's oceans. The samples have been used to detail climate changes between glaciation periods, in context of dissolved elements and gases, like calcium (from shells) and carbon dioxide.[7]

Earthquakes

A major source of past earthquake data comes from the Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory/National Center for Earthquake Engineering Research (NCEER) Earthquake Strong Motion Database.[8]

Antarctic mapping

In 2012, Voice of America documented the work done by LDEO researcher Robin Bell, and others, in mapping the land underneath the Antarctica ice sheet. Several notable findings included the discovery of hidden rivers, hidden mountain ranges, and significant geothermal energy below the ice.[9]

Other

Other examples of LDEO's research are:

Notable people

External links

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Notes and References

  1. Web site: Office of the Director. LDEO . 19 July 2024.
  2. Web site: Schiffman . Richard . The Lab That Discovered Global Warming Has Good News and Bad News . New York Times . 20 July 2024 . 24 Apr 2020.
  3. Web site: Columbia Project given $7 Million . New York Times . 20 July 2024 . 13 Jan 1969.
  4. Web site: 2019-07-11 . Earth's Thermometers: Glacial and Ice Sheet Melt in a Changing Climate For Committee on Science Space and Technology U.S. House of Representatives . 2024-07-21 . US House of Representatives.
  5. Web site: July 2019 . GLOBAL OCEAN SURFACE WATER PARTIAL PRESSURE OF CO2 DATABASE: MEASUREMENTS PERFORMED DURING 1957–2019 (Version 2019) . NOAA.
  6. Web site: Rukovets . Olga . Planet . State of the . What tropical trees can teach about the environment . 2024-07-22 . phys.org . en.
  7. Web site: Pinkerton . Byrd . 2023-10-10 . Mud libraries hold the story of the Earth's climate past — and foretell its future . 2024-07-22 . Vox . en-US.
  8. Web site: Earthquake Strong Motion Database: Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, National Center for Earthquake Engineering Research (LDEO/NCEER) . 2024-07-21 . NASA.
  9. Web site: 2012-01-08 . Mapping Mountain Range Found Under Antarctic Ice . 2024-07-21 . Voice of America . en.
  10. Oliver . Jack . Ewing . Maurice . 1958-08-15 . Seismic Surface Waves at Palisades from Explosions in Nevada and the Marshall Islands . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences . en . 44 . 8 . 780–785 . 10.1073/pnas.44.8.780 . free . 0027-8424 . 534559 . 16590271.
  11. Web site: Richards . Paul G. . Won-young . Kim . 2009-03-02 . Advances in Monitoring Nuclear Weapon Testing .
  12. PITMAN . WALTER C. . TALWANI . MANIK . 1972 . Sea-Floor Spreading in the North Atlantic . Geological Society of America Bulletin . 83 . 3 . 619 . 10.1130/0016-7606(1972)83[619:ssitna]2.0.co;2 . 0016-7606.
  13. Marine magnetic anomalies, geomagnetic field reversals, and motions of the ocean floor and continents . 10.1029/JB073i006p02119 . 1968 . Heirtzler . J. R. . Dickson . G. O. . Herron . E. M. . Pitman . W. C. . Le Pichon . X. . Journal of Geophysical Research . 73 . 6 . 2119–2136 .
  14. The role of ocean-atmosphere reorganizations in glacial cycles . 10.1016/0277-3791(90)90026-7 . 1990 . Broecker . Wallace S. . Denton . George H. . Quaternary Science Reviews . 9 . 4 . 305–341 .
  15. Experimental forecasts of el Niño . 10.1038/321827a0 . 1986 . Cane . Mark A. . Zebiak . Stephen E. . Dolan . Sean C. . Nature . 321 . 6073 . 827–832 .
  16. Forecasting Zimbabwean maize yield using eastern equatorial Pacific sea surface temperature . 10.1038/370204a0 . 1994 . Cane . Mark A. . Eshel . Gidon . Buckland . R. W. . Nature . 370 . 6486 . 204–205 .
  17. Seismological evidence for differential rotation of the Earth's inner core . 10.1038/382221a0 . 1996 . Song . Xiaodong . Richards . Paul G. . Nature . 382 . 6588 . 221–224 .
  18. Inner Core Differential Motion Confirmed by Earthquake Waveform Doublets . 10.1126/science.1113193 . 2005 . Zhang . Jian . Song . Xiaodong . Li . Yingchun . Richards . Paul G. . Sun . Xinlei . Waldhauser . Felix . Science . 309 . 5739 . 1357–1360 . 16123296 .
  19. Tharp . Marie . Connect the dots: mapping the sea floor and discovering the Mid-Ocean Ridge. . Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia Twelve Perspectives on the First Fifty Years.
  20. A Theory of Ice Ages . 10.1126/science.123.3207.1061 . 1956 . Ewing . Maurice . Donn . William L. . Science . 123 . 3207 . 1061–1066 . 17748617 .
  21. The Surface of the Ice-Age Earth . 10.1126/science.191.4232.1131 . Science . 1976 . 191 . 4232 . 1131–1137 . 17781630 . CLIMAP Project Members .
  22. Variations in the Earth's Orbit: Pacemaker of the Ice Ages . 10.1126/science.194.4270.1121 . 1976 . Hays . J. D. . Imbrie . John . Shackleton . N. J. . Science . 194 . 4270 . 1121–1132 . 17790893 .
  23. Persistent Solar Influence on North Atlantic Climate During the Holocene . 10.1126/science.1065680 . 2001 . Bond . Gerard . Kromer . Bernd . Beer . Juerg . Muscheler . Raimund . Evans . Michael N. . Showers . William . Hoffmann . Sharon . Lotti-Bond . Rusty . Hajdas . Irka . Bonani . Georges . Science . 294 . 5549 . 2130–2136 . 11739949 .
  24. Moonquakes and lunar tectonism . 10.1007/BF00562004 . 1972 . Latham . Gary . Ewing . Maurice . Dorman . James . Lammlein . David . Press . Frank . Toksőz . Naft . Sutton . George . Duennebier . Fred . Nakamura . Yosio . The Moon . 4 . 3–4 . 373–382 .
  25. News: Bizzarro . Danielle . Jul 10, 2001 . Lamont–Doherty Earth Observatory Bestows Heritage Award on Marie Tharp, Pioneer of Modern Oceanography . https://web.archive.org/web/20010925010717/http://www.columbia.edu/cu/news/01/07/marieTharp.html . 2001-09-25 . Oct 12, 2014 . Columbia News . Office of Public Affairs, Columbia University.
  26. Blakemore . Erin . 30 August 2016 . Seeing Is Believing: How Marie Tharp Changed Geology Forever . Smithsonian Magazine.

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