Lake Kawaupaka Explained

Lake Kawaupaka
Location:Auckland Region, North Island
Coords:-36.8944°N 174.4583°W
Pushpin Map:New Zealand Auckland
Pushpin Map Alt:Location of Lake Kawaupaka
Basin Countries:New Zealand
Length:0.5km (00.3miles)
Width:0.25km (00.16miles)

Lake Kawaupaka, also known as Lake Kawaupaku, is a small lake near Te Henga (Bethells Beach) in the Auckland Region of New Zealand.[1] The lake is on private land,[2] and is one of the few dune lakes in the region to be surrounded by native forest.[3] [4] It is located south-west of Lake Wainamu.

Geology

The lake was originally a river valley. 7,200 years ago at the end of the Last Glacial Maximum, when sea-levels began to rise, Te Henga / Bethells Beach began to form, as sand dunes migrated into the river valley. When sand dunes formed a barrier, Lake Kawaupaka began to form as a freshwater lake.[5]

History

The lake is within the traditional rohe of Te Kawerau ā Maki, and was known as Roto Kawaupaku.[6] The name refers to the Little black cormorant (kawaupaka), who were seen as the guardians of the lake.[7] The lake was part of the greater Te Henga / Bethells Beach and Waitākere River area of settlements, with the localities of Tūrapa located on the north shore and, Pākōwhatu to the east of the lake.[6] Pākōwhatu was a that used Ngāti Awa fortification techniques, learnt from the Ngāti Awa people as they travelled south past the Waitākere Ranges area towards Kawhia Harbour and Taranaki.[6]

The lake remained mostly undisturbed during European colonisation. During the 19th century, flax was harvested from the lake, and pioneer John Neale Bethell planted an orchard on the lakeside.[8] The lake was purchase din 1979 by the Queen Elizabeth II National Trust, after which it was administered by the Auckland Regional Council as a nature reserve.[5]

See also

Notes and References

  1. Book: Gregory's Auckland & Surrounds Street Directory. 3rd. 978-0-7319-2048-8. 2008. map 165.
  2. Web site: Fishing helps clear the murky depths at Lake Wainamu. Auckland Regional Council. 26 March 2007. 25 July 2009.
  3. Web site: Schedule 1: Wetland Management Areas . 5 . Proposed Auckland Regional Plan: Air, Land and Water Plan . July 2005 . 25 July 2009 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20081014234433/http://arc.govt.nz/albany/fms/main/Documents/Plans/Regional%20Policy%20and%20Plans/Proposed%20ARP%20Air%20Land%20and%20Water/Proposed%20ALWP%20-%20Schedules%201-8.pdf . October 14, 2008 .
  4. TKITA-2013-0062 CULTURAL VALUES ASSESSMENT FORBETHELLS / TE HENGA / WAITAKERE VALLEY LOCAL AREA PLAN Prepared byEdward Ashby Heritage and Environment Unit Te Kawerau Iwi Tribal Authority
  5. Book: Cameron . Ewen . Hayward . Bruce . Bruce Hayward . Murdoch . Graeme . A Field Guide to Auckland: Exploring the Region's Natural and Historical Heritage . 978-1-86962-1513 . Random House New Zealand . 2008 . 162 . Revised.
  6. Book: James. Northcote-Bade . West Auckland Remembers, Volume 1 . 1990 . West Auckland Historical Society . 0-473-00983-8 . Nga Tohu o Waitakere: the Maori Place Names of the Waitakere River Valley and its Environs; their Background History and an Explanation of their Meaning . Graeme . Murdoch . 13, 17, 22.
  7. Web site: Lake Kawaupaka . New Zealand Gazetteer . Land Information New Zealand. 10 May 2022.
  8. Web site: Local Area Plan: Te Henga (Bethells Beach) and the Waitākere River Valley. Waitākere Ranges Heritage Area . October 2015 . . . 15 May 2022 . 978-0-908320-17-2.