Lajos Gádoros Explained

Lajos Gádoros
Birth Date:23 June 1910
Birth Place:Erzsébetfalva
Death Place:Budapest
Nationality:Hungarian
Occupation:Architect, Interior Designer, Furniture Designer, University Professor

Lajos Gádoros (born Lajos Gonda; June 23, 1910 in Erzsébetfalva – March 11, 1991 in Budapest) was a renowned Hungarian architect, interior designer, furniture designer and university professor.

Career

Gádoros began his career as an apprentice in his father's woodworking shop, and in 1926 he was accepted to the furniture design program at the Hungarian Royal School of Applied Arts, where he studied under the tutelage of Gyula Kaesz and Károly Weichinger. Heeding Prof. Weichinger's advice, he applied to and attended the Technical College of Stuttgart in Germany (Technischen Hochschule Stuttgart; today: Universität Stuttgart) between 1929 and 1930, where he studied with Paul Bonatz. Gádoros later went on to study with Clemens Holzmeister at the Arts Academy in Düsseldorf (Kunstakademie Düsseldorf), and in 1933 he returned home to Hungary. Following his return, he soon began working and designing furniture for Antal Nagy, and later obtained a position at the design studio of Lajos Kozma. In 1935, Gádoros was employed by Gyula Kaesz's design firm, but soon began to take on independent projects as well, such as designing family homes, storefronts and interiors. In addition, Gádoros submitted a variety of grant proposals during this period while working in partnership with Pál Vince (also known as Pál Weiss), his former classmate from Stuttgart and Düsseldorf. Beginning in 1939, he was repeatedly conscripted into the army: as a sapper, Gádoros was sent to the Russian battlefront, and served as a liaison officer between the German and Hungarian troops. He was later captured by German forces as a result of his attempt to desert the army of the Axis powers. After the German troops were overpowered by the Allies, Gádoros was transported near to the city of Munich, and was held prisoner of war by the Americans. Following his brief confinement, Gádoros was released and returned to Budapest

Between 1945 and 1947, Gádoros worked for the National Housing Committee and for the Municipal Council of Construction and Public Work. During this same period, he managed a privately held company with his partner Gábor Preisich. After submitting their plans for a grant, they were commissioned to design MÉMOSZ Hall (National Association of Hungarian Contractors). Together they also participated in the design of the Ministry of Interior (today: The Office of the National Assembly) as well as the interior design of Nagyszállo on Margaret Island, known today as the Danubius Grand Hotel Budapest. In 1945, he was elected member of the Division of Applied Arts of the Hungarian Council of Arts, and in 1946, he became secretary of the Circle of New Architecture. In December 1947, Gádoros and Imre Perényi co-founded the privately held Center for Architecture. In 1948, he was employed by the de-privatized ÉTI (Institute of Architecture), and in December 1948, he became manager of the Division of Housing at MATI (Highrise Design Firm). As MATI was re-structured in the fall of 1949 to become KÖZTI (Public Buildings Design Firm and National Enterprise), Gádoros was promoted to director. Due to his ability to acquire some of the most renowned architects for KÖZTI, such as István Janaky Sr, Gyula Rimanóczy, Iván Kotsis and István Medgyaszay, the firm became one of the most influential organizations in the field of architecture during the immediate post-war era.

As a result of the Hungarian Revolution of 1956, Gádoros announced his intentions to resign his post as director of KÖZTI, and despite the protest of his colleagues, he eventually stepped down. Between 1957 and 1960, Gádoros was designer and principal architect at ÁÉTV (General Architectural and Engineering Company). It was during this time that Gádoros won the Star of Gold award at the Expo 58 (also known as the Brussels World's Fair) with his Hungarian Pavilion design, as well as finished his designs for the University of Pécs Medical School. Alongside Pál Sávoly, he played a crucial role in the restoration of Elisabeth Bridge (1961-1964), and in 1960 he was appointed Head of Department of Freehand Drawing in the Faculty of Architecture at the Budapest University of Technology and Economics. In 1966, Gádoros took over the position of Head of Department of Public Building Design from his former professor Károly Weichinger. Gádoros resigned from his university post as Head of Department ten years later, in 1976, and in 1980, at the age of seventy, Gádoros officially retired. Laying out the plans for the building complex of the Vadaskert Child Psychiatry Hospital and Outpatient Clinic in 1989 was his last professional work. In 1994, Gádoros's family donated his inheritance to the Hungarian Museum of Architecture.

Gádoros was awarded the prestigious architectural Ybl Prize two times during his lifetime, first in 1953 for the design of Szinkron Studio (Pannonia Film Studio), and later in 1958 together with István Németh for the design of the Hungarian Pavilion at the Brussels World's Fair. For this latter design, Gádoros was also bestowed the Order of the Crown by Baudouin, King of the Belgians. In 1962, the Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA) awarded him the Candidate of Science degree. He was member of MTA's Architectural Committee, and received his last distinction on June 18, 1984. The award was endorsed by president of the Budapest University of Technology and Economics Dr. Károly Polinszky, and read: "this honorary medal is hereby awarded to retired university professor Dr. Lajos Gadoros for his distinguished accomplishments in the field of education."

Awards

Selected works

Bibliography

Selected essays

Exhibitions

References

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