| Competition: | Primera División |
| Season: | 1971–72 |
| Winners: | Real Madrid (15th title) |
| Relegated: | Sevilla Córdoba Sabadell |
| Continentalcup1: | European Cup |
| Continentalcup1 Qualifiers: | Real Madrid |
| Continentalcup2: | Cup Winners' Cup |
| Continentalcup2 Qualifiers: | Atlético Madrid |
| Continentalcup3: | UEFA Cup |
| Continentalcup3 Qualifiers: | Valencia Barcelona Las Palmas |
| League Topscorer: | Enrique Porta (20 goals) |
| Biggest Away Win: | Córdoba 0–4 Valencia |
| Matches: | 306 |
| Total Goals: | 675 |
| Prevseason: | 1970–71 |
| Nextseason: | 1972–73 |
The 1971–72 La Liga was the 41st season since its establishment. The season started on September 4, 1971, and finished on May 14, 1972. It was played by 18 clubs after the expansion from the previous season.
| Rank | Player | Goals | Team |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 |  Enrique Porta | Granada CF | |
| 2 | Germán Dévora | UD Las Palmas | |
| 3 | Juan María Amiano | RCD Espanyol | |
| 4 | Joaquín Sierra Gallego | Valencia CF | |
 Bernardo Acosta | Sevilla CF | ||
| Fidel Uriarte | Atlético Bilbao | ||
| Fernando Ansola | Real Sociedad | ||
| Pirri | Real Madrid | ||
| Luis Aragonés | Atlético Madrid |