La Hoya, Álava Explained
| La Hoya |
| Map Type: | Spain Basque Country#Spain |
| Relief: | yes |
| Location: | Laguardia, Álava, Basque Country, Spain |
| Type: | Settlement |
| Area: | 5.1ha |
| Built: | 12th century BCE |
| Abandoned: | c. 250 BCE |
| Cultures: | Celtiberian |
| Discovered: | 1935[1] |
| Embedded: | | Embed: | yes | | Designation1: | Spain | | Designation1 Offname: | Recinto Arqueológico de la Hoya[2] | | Designation1 Type: | Non-movable | | Designation1 Criteria: | Monument | | Designation1 Date: | 17 July 1984 | | Designation1 Number: | RI-51-0005133 |
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La Hoya is an important archaeological site of the Bronze and Iron Ages in Laguardia, Álava, Basque Country, Spain.[3] The fortified town was inhabited between the 12th and 3rd centuries BCE. It has three levels:[4]
- Middle-Late Bronze Age: in this early period, the fortifications, as well the houses, were all made of wood.
- Early-Middle Iron Age: construction became more complex using mixed formulas with stone, wood and adobe. Most houses were near the wall in this period.
- The Late Iron Age, with a cultural context that some classify as Celtiberian, shows important changes in urbanization: with paved streets and plazas that form a reticular structure. The wall is also rebuilt on stone. This final period also shows great advancement in the technologies: potter's wheel, elaborated blacksmithing, etc.
The successive layers of rubble, that served as cementations for further edification, make up a small tell 3 meters high.
The town was destroyed violently between 350 and 200 BCE, leaving the remains of the people and their everyday items in the streets.[5]
Notes and References
- Book: González de Durana . J.M. . Llanos Acebo . H. . Llanos . A. . Ulivarri . V. . Jornadas sobre teledetección y geofísica aplicadas a la arqueología, Madrid 7-10 de mayo de 1986, Mérida 1-3 de octubre de 1987 . 1992 . Instituto de Conservación y Restauración de Bienes Culturales . 84-7483-802-9 . 99–104 . es . Estudio geofísico preliminar del yacimiento arqueológico de La Hoya, Laguardia (Álava).
- Web site: Recinto Arqueológico de la Hoya . Consulta a la base de datos de bienes inmuebles . Ministerio de Cultura y Deporte . 11 March 2024 . es.
- Web site: Arcediano Salazar . Santiago . Museo de La Hoya . . Eusko Ikaskuntza . 11 March 2024 . es.
- Web site: Poblado de la Hoya . Ondarea . Basque Government . 11 March 2024 . es.
- News: Woodyatt . Amy . Archaeologists discover Iron Age massacre, frozen in time . 11 March 2024 . . 30 September 2020.
