| La Grande River | |
| Map: | La Grande map 2.png |
| Map Size: | 250px |
| Subdivision Type1: | Country |
| Subdivision Name1: | Canada |
| Subdivision Type2: | Province |
| Subdivision Name2: | Quebec |
| Subdivision Type3: | Region |
| Subdivision Name3: | Jamésie |
| Length: | [1] |
| Discharge1 Avg: | [2] |
| Source1: | Lac Nichicun |
| Source1 Location: | Nitchequon |
| Source1 Coordinates: | 53.2083°N -70.9333°W |
| Mouth: | James Bay |
| Mouth Location: | Chisasibi |
| Mouth Coordinates: | 53.8333°N -79.0667°W |
La Grande River (French: La Grande Rivière; Cree: Chisasibi|script=latn; both meaning "great river") is a river in northwestern Quebec, Canada, rising in the highlands of the north-central part of the province and flowing roughly west to its drainage at James Bay. It is the second-longest river in the province, surpassed only by the Saint Lawrence River.
Originally, the La Grande River drained an area of, and had a mean discharge of .[1] Since the 1980s, when hydroelectric development diverted the Eastmain and Caniapiscau rivers into the La Grande, its total catchment area has increased to about, with its mean discharge being more than . In November 2009, the Rupert River was also (partially) diverted, adding another to the basin.
At one time, the La Grande was known as the "Fort George River". The Hudson's Bay Company operated a trading post on the river, at Big River House, between 1803 and 1824. In 1837, a larger trading post was established at Fort George, on an island at the mouth of the river. In the early 20th century, this trading post became a village as the Crees of the James Bay region abandoned their nomadic way of life and settled nearby. The modern Cree village of Chisasibi, which replaced Fort George in 1980, is situated on the southern shore of the La Grande River, several kilometers to the East.
Significant tributaries of La Grande River include:
The river has been extensively developed as a source of hydroelectric power by Hydro-Québec, starting in 1974. An area of was flooded and almost all of the flow of the Eastmain River and approximately 70% of the flows of the Rupert River[3] [4] were diverted into the La Grande watershed. The following generating stations are on the La Grande River and its tributaries in upstream order:
As a result of the development projects, the Cree people of the region lost some parts of their traditional hunting and trapping territories (about 10% of the hunting and trapping territories used by the Cree of Chisasibi). Organic mercury levels increased in the fish, which forms an important part of their diet, as the organic material trapped by the rising waters in the new reservoirs began to filter into the food chain. Careful follow-up by Cree health authorities since the 1980s has been largely successful. The authorities continue to promote the regular consumption of fish, with the notable exception of the predatory species living in the reservoirs, which still show high levels of mercury.