La Grande Béroche Explained

Subject Name:La Grande Béroche
Municipality Type:municipality
Canton:Neuchâtel
Iso-Code-Region:CH-NE
Coordinates:46.9°N 53°W
Postal Code:2022-24, 2027-28
Municipality Code:6417
Area:45.25
Population:9064
Populationof:December 2016
Popofyear:2016

La Grande Béroche is a municipality in the canton of Neuchâtel in Switzerland. On 1 January 2018 the former municipalities of Bevaix, Fresens, Gorgier, Montalchez, Saint-Aubin-Sauges and Vaumarcus merged to form the new municipality.[1]

History

Bevaix

Bevaix is first mentioned in 998 as in villa Bevacensi. In 1139 it was mentioned as Betuaci.

Fresens

Fresens is first mentioned in 1265 as Hiremanz dit de Fressen.

Gorgier

Gorgier is first mentioned in 1252 as de Corgie.

Saint-Aubin-Sauges

Saint-Aubin-Sauges is first mentioned in 1176 as Sancti Albini. In 1340 it was mentioned as villa de Sauges.

Vaumarcus

Vaumarcus was first mentioned in 1227 as Valmarcuel.

It was created in 1875 as a merger of Vaumarcus and Vernéaz, and was called Vaumarcus-Vernéaz until 1966.

Montalchez

Montalchez is first mentioned in 1340 as villa de Montallichie.

Geography

After the merger, La Grande Béroche has an area,, of .

It was part of the district of Boudry until the district level was eliminated on 1 January 2018.[2]

Demographics

The new municipality has a population of .

Historic Population

The historical population is given in the following chart:[3] Colors= id:lightgrey value:gray(0.9) id:darkgrey value:gray(0.8)ImageSize = width:1100 height:500PlotArea = height:350 left:100 bottom:90 right:100Legend = columns:3 left:220 top:70 columnwidth:160AlignBars = justifyDateFormat = x.yPeriod = from:0 till:9000TimeAxis = orientation:verticalAlignBars = justifyScaleMajor = gridcolor:darkgrey increment:1500 start:0ScaleMinor = gridcolor:lightgrey increment:300 start:0Colors= id:BE value:yellowgreen legend:Bevaix id:FR value:green legend:Fresens id:GO value:blue legend:Gorgier id:MO value:red legend:Montalchez id:SA value:yellow legend:Saint-Aubin-Sauges id:VA value:orange legend:VaumarcusPlotData= color:yellowgreen width:30 mark:(line,white) align:center bar:1850 from: 0 till:740 text:"740" color:BE bar:1860 from: 0 till:782 text:"782" color:BE bar:1870 from: 0 till:816 text:"816" color:BE bar:1880 from: 0 till:881 text:"881" color:BE bar:1888 from: 0 till:880 text:"880" color:BE bar:1900 from: 0 till:1074 text:"1074" color:BE bar:1910 from: 0 till:1108 text:"1108" color:BE bar:1920 from: 0 till:1204 text:"1204" color:BE bar:1930 from: 0 till:1216 text:"1216" color:BE bar:1941 from: 0 till:1242 text:"1242" color:BE bar:1950 from: 0 till:1217 text:"1217" color:BE bar:1960 from: 0 till:1407 text:"1407" color:BE bar:1970 from: 0 till:1945 text:"1945" color:BE bar:1980 from: 0 till:2601 text:"2601" color:BE bar:1990 from: 0 till:3375 text:"3375" color:BE bar:2000 from: 0 till:3603 text:"3603" color:BE bar:2010 from: 0 till:3839 text:"3839" color:BE bar:1850 from: 740 till:933 text:"193" color:FR bar:1860 from: 782 till:1006 text:"224" color:FR bar:1870 from: 816 till:1049 text:"233" color:FR bar:1880 from: 881 till:1115 text:"234" color:FR bar:1888 from: 880 till:1095 text:"215" color:FR bar:1900 from: 1074 till:1249 text:"175" color:FR bar:1910 from: 1108 till:1245 text:"137" color:FR bar:1920 from: 1204 till:1346 text:"142" color:FR bar:1930 from: 1216 till:1361 text:"145" color:FR bar:1941 from: 1242 till:1362 text:"120" color:FR bar:1950 from: 1217 till:1364 text:"147" color:FR bar:1960 from: 1407 till:1541 text:"134" color:FR bar:1970 from: 1945 till:2073 text:"128" color:FR bar:1980 from: 2601 till:2743 text:"142" color:FR bar:1990 from: 3375 till:3558 text:"183" color:FR bar:2000 from: 3603 till:3821 text:"218" color:FR bar:2010 from: 3839 till:4054 text:"215" color:FR bar:1850 from: 933 till:1799 text:"866" color:GO bar:1860 from: 1006 till:1990 text:"984" color:GO bar:1870 from: 1049 till:2040 text:"991" color:GO bar:1880 from: 1115 till:2133 text:"1018" color:GO bar:1888 from: 1095 till:2034 text:"939" color:GO bar:1900 from: 1249 till:2251 text:"1002" color:GO bar:1910 from: 1245 till:2159 text:"914" color:GO bar:1920 from: 1346 till:2265 text:"919" color:GO bar:1930 from: 1361 till:2228 text:"867" color:GO bar:1941 from: 1362 till:2320 text:"958" color:GO bar:1950 from: 1364 till:2376 text:"1012" color:GO bar:1960 from: 1541 till:2566 text:"1025" color:GO bar:1970 from: 2073 till:3246 text:"1173" color:GO bar:1980 from: 2743 till:4120 text:"1377" color:GO bar:1990 from: 3558 till:5407 text:"1849" color:GO bar:2000 from: 3821 till:5596 text:"1775" color:GO bar:2010 from: 4054 till:5982 text:"1928" color:GO bar:1850 from: 1799 till:2137 text:"338" color:MO bar:1860 from: 1990 till:2309 text:"319" color:MO bar:1870 from: 2040 till:2367 text:"327" color:MO bar:1880 from: 2133 till:2498 text:"365" color:MO bar:1888 from: 2034 till:2382 text:"348" color:MO bar:1900 from: 2251 till:2565 text:"314" color:MO bar:1910 from: 2159 till:2413 text:"254" color:MO bar:1920 from: 2265 till:2487 text:"222" color:MO bar:1930 from: 2228 till:2446 text:"218" color:MO bar:1941 from: 2320 till:2528 text:"208" color:MO bar:1950 from: 2376 till:2583 text:"207" color:MO bar:1960 from: 2566 till:2726 text:"160" color:MO bar:1970 from: 3246 till:3381 text:"135" color:MO bar:1980 from: 4120 till:4264 text:"144" color:MO bar:1990 from: 5407 till:5564 text:"157" color:MO bar:2000 from: 5596 till:5780 text:"184" color:MO bar:2010 from: 5982 till:6217 text:"235" color:MO bar:1850 from: 2137 till:2915 text:"778" color:SA bar:1860 from: 2309 till:3129 text:"820" color:SA bar:1870 from: 2367 till:3176 text:"809" color:SA bar:1880 from: 2498 till:3436 text:"938" color:SA bar:1888 from: 2382 till:3372 text:"990" color:SA bar:1900 from: 2565 till:3670 text:"1105" color:SA bar:1910 from: 2413 till:3620 text:"1207" color:SA bar:1920 from: 2487 till:3726 text:"1239" color:SA bar:1930 from: 2446 till:3620 text:"1174" color:SA bar:1941 from: 2528 till:3766 text:"1238" color:SA bar:1950 from: 2583 till:3941 text:"1358" color:SA bar:1960 from: 2726 till:4286 text:"1560" color:SA bar:1970 from: 3381 till:5439 text:"2058" color:SA bar:1980 from: 4264 till:6349 text:"2085" color:SA bar:1990 from: 5564 till:7817 text:"2253" color:SA bar:2000 from: 5780 till:8206 text:"2426" color:SA bar:2010 from: 6217 till:8649 text:"2432" color:SA bar:1850 from: 2915 till:3147 text:"232" color:VA bar:1860 from: 3129 till:3346 text:"217" color:VA bar:1870 from: 3176 till:3410 text:"234" color:VA bar:1880 from: 3436 till:3634 text:"198" color:VA bar:1888 from: 3372 till:3575 text:"203" color:VA bar:1900 from: 3670 till:3817 text:"147" color:VA bar:1910 from: 3620 till:3789 text:"169" color:VA bar:1920 from: 3726 till:3883 text:"157" color:VA bar:1930 from: 3620 till:3786 text:"166" color:VA bar:1941 from: 3766 till:3942 text:"176" color:VA bar:1950 from: 3941 till:4109 text:"168" color:VA bar:1960 from: 4286 till:4431 text:"145" color:VA bar:1970 from: 5439 till:5579 text:"140" color:VA bar:1980 from: 6349 till:6516 text:"167" color:VA bar:1990 from: 7817 till:7998 text:"181" color:VA bar:2000 from: 8206 till:8397 text:"191" color:VA bar:2010 from: 8649 till:8913 text:"264" color:VA

Heritage sites of national significance

The prehistoric lake shore settlement at Baie De Bevaix, the neolithic funerary and cultural center of Treytel-A Sugiez in Bevaix, Gorgier Castle, the Gallo-Roman settlement at La Béroche and a prehistoric lake shore settlement in Gorgier, La Béroche, a Gallo-Roman settlement, and the neolithic settlement at Port Conty / Tivoli in Saint-Aubin-Sauges, the La Redoute Des Bourguignons, a prehistoric site and hallstatt tumulus in Vaumarcus are all listed as Swiss heritage site of national significance.[4]

World heritage site

The new municipality is home to three prehistoric sites which are part of the Prehistoric Pile dwellings around the Alps UNESCO World Heritage Site. Bevaix is home to the L’Abbaye 2 site, Gorgier has the Les Argilliez site and Saint-Aubin-Sauges has the Port-Conty site each of which is a prehistoric pile-dwelling (or stilt house) settlement.[5]

L'Abbaye 2 is a Bronze Age submerged site located near the L'Abbaye 1 Neolithic site. The former village at L'Abbaye 2 is about 180m (590feet) from the lake shore and consisted of a number of stilt houses. It has been dendrochronologically dated to 1040-986 BC. The village site covers an area of about 150by and was probably connected to the shore by a foot bridge. About 400 Bronze Age objects have been discovered in the water around the village.[6]

The Les Argilliez site consists of two villages. One is a Classical Cortaillod village with 6 piles dated between 3841 and 3817 BC. The other is a Late Cortaillod site with 2 piles from 3531 to 3528 BC. Both villages are in a small bay about 200m (700feet) north of the Chez-le-Bart 1 site. The remains of the villages are still quite visible underwater and stretch over an area of about 150x. Some stone axes, antler ax handles and pottery fragments have been discovered.[6]

Port-Conty has two neolithic settlements. The first is a Late Cortaillod or Port-Conty type Cortaillod village. One piece of timber from this site has been dated to 3574. The second village is a Late Horgen village. Five of the piles are from 3160 and 3159, and two piles are from 3064 and 3062. The site was discovered in 1860 by F. Troyon, who originally thought it was a Bronze Age village. Further excavations in the late 19th and early 20th century found that it was a neolithic site. In 1929-1932, P. Vouga dug a long (55m (180feet)) 1to deep trench to examine a single layer. He found three archaeological horizons which were from the Middle Neolithic, the Late Neolithic and the end of the Late Neolithic. Based on his study, it appears that the site was covered by an artificial mound which was 20x and about 70cm (30inches) deep. It was built in two stages, with a layer of branches between the layers.[6]

Notes and References

  1. http://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/portal/de/index/infothek/nomenklaturen/blank/blank/gem_liste/03.html Amtliches Gemeindeverzeichnis der Schweiz
  2. https://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/de/home/grundlagen/agvch.html Amtliches Gemeindeverzeichnis der Schweiz
  3. https://www.pxweb.bfs.admin.ch/default.aspx?px_language=de Swiss Federal Statistical Office STAT-TAB Bevölkerungsentwicklung nach institutionellen Gliederungen, 1850-2000
  4. Web site: Swiss inventory of cultural property of national and regional significance . 1 January 2017 . A-Objects . Federal Office for Cultural Protection (BABS) . 6 September 2017 . https://web.archive.org/web/20160902033944/http://www.babs.admin.ch/de/aufgabenbabs/kgs/inventar/a-objekte.html . 2 September 2016 . dead .
  5. https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1363/ UNESCO World Heritage Site - Prehistoric Pile dwellings around the Alps
  6. http://www.palafittes.org/uploads/media/Volume_II_CH_P_96-207.pdf Palafittes.org nominating documents-Volume II: Id-files of the component parts of the serial, section 2

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