LSM4 explained

U6 snRNA-associated Sm-like protein LSm4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the LSM4 gene.^{[1] [2] [3]}

Sm-like proteins were identified in a variety of organisms based on sequence homology with the Sm protein family (see SNRPD2; MIM 601061). Sm-like proteins contain the Sm sequence motif, which consists of 2 regions separated by a linker of variable length that folds as a loop. The Sm-like proteins are thought to form a stable heteromer present in tri-snRNP particles, which are important for pre-mRNA splicing.[supplied by OMIM]

Further reading

• Singer J, Roberts-Ems J, Luthardt FW, Riggs AD . Methylation of DNA in mouse early embryos, teratocarcinoma cells and adult tissues of mouse and rabbit . Nucleic Acids Res. . 7 . 8 . 2369–85 . 1980 . 523320 . 10.1093/nar/7.8.2369 . 342390 .
• Friesen WJ, Dreyfuss G . Specific sequences of the Sm and Sm-like (Lsm) proteins mediate their interaction with the spinal muscular atrophy disease gene product (SMN) . J. Biol. Chem. . 275 . 34 . 26370–5 . 2000 . 10851237 . 10.1074/jbc.M003299200 . free .
• Hu RM, Han ZG, Song HD, etal . Gene expression profiling in the human hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis and full-length cDNA cloning . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 97 . 17 . 9543–8 . 2000 . 10931946 . 10.1073/pnas.160270997 . 16901 . 2000PNAS...97.9543H . free .
• Eystathioy T, Peebles CL, Hamel JC, etal . Autoantibody to hLSm4 and the heptameric LSm complex in anti-Sm sera . Arthritis Rheum. . 46 . 3 . 726–34 . 2002 . 11920408 . 10.1002/art.10220 . free .
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, etal . Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 99 . 26 . 16899–903 . 2003 . 12477932 . 10.1073/pnas.242603899 . 139241 . 2002PNAS...9916899M . free .
• Ingelfinger D, Arndt-Jovin DJ, Lührmann R, Achsel T . The human LSm1-7 proteins colocalize with the mRNA-degrading enzymes Dcp1/2 and Xrnl in distinct cytoplasmic foci . RNA . 8 . 12 . 1489–501 . 2003 . 12515382 . 10.1017/S1355838202021726. 1370355 .
• Lehner B, Sanderson CM . A Protein Interaction Framework for Human mRNA Degradation . Genome Res. . 14 . 7 . 1315–23 . 2004 . 15231747 . 10.1101/gr.2122004 . 442147 .
• Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, etal . The Status, Quality, and Expansion of the NIH Full-Length cDNA Project: The Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC) . Genome Res. . 14 . 10B . 2121–7 . 2004 . 15489334 . 10.1101/gr.2596504 . 528928 .
• Fürst J, Schedlbauer A, Gandini R, etal . ICln159 folds into a pleckstrin homology domain-like structure. Interaction with kinases and the splicing factor LSm4 . J. Biol. Chem. . 280 . 35 . 31276–82 . 2005 . 15905169 . 10.1074/jbc.M500541200 . free .
• Rual JF, Venkatesan K, Hao T, etal . Towards a proteome-scale map of the human protein-protein interaction network . Nature . 437 . 7062 . 1173–8 . 2005 . 16189514 . 10.1038/nature04209 . 2005Natur.437.1173R . 4427026 .
• Yang ZQ, Streicher KL, Ray ME, etal . Multiple interacting oncogenes on the 8p11-p12 amplicon in human breast cancer . Cancer Res. . 66 . 24 . 11632–43 . 2007 . 17178857 . 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-06-2946 . free .
• Ewing RM, Chu P, Elisma F, etal . Large-scale mapping of human protein–protein interactions by mass spectrometry . Mol. Syst. Biol. . 3 . 1. 89 . 2007 . 17353931 . 10.1038/msb4100134 . 1847948 .

Notes and References

1. Salgado-Garrido J, Bragado-Nilsson E, Kandels-Lewis S, Seraphin B . Sm and Sm-like proteins assemble in two related complexes of deep evolutionary origin . EMBO J . 18 . 12 . 3451–62 . Aug 1999 . 10369684 . 1171424 . 10.1093/emboj/18.12.3451 .
2. Achsel T, Brahms H, Kastner B, Bachi A, Wilm M, Luhrmann R . A doughnut-shaped heteromer of human Sm-like proteins binds to the 3'-end of U6 snRNA, thereby facilitating U4/U6 duplex formation in vitro . EMBO J . 18 . 20 . 5789–802 . Dec 1999 . 10523320 . 1171645 . 10.1093/emboj/18.20.5789 .
3. Web site: Entrez Gene: LSM4 LSM4 homolog, U6 small nuclear RNA associated (S. cerevisiae).