Lövheim Cube of Emotions explained

Lövheim Cube of Emotion is a theoretical model for the relationship between the monoamine neurotransmitters serotonin, dopamine and noradrenaline and emotions. The model was presented in 2012 by Swedish researcher Hugo Lövheim.^{[1] [2] [3]}

Lövheim classifies emotions according to Silvan Tomkins, and orders the basic emotions in a three-dimensional coordinate system where the level of the monoamine neurotransmitters form orthogonal axes. The model is regarded as a dimensional model of emotion.^[4]

The main concepts of the hypothesis are firstly that the monoamine neurotransmitters are orthogonal variables, meaning involving independent pairs of neurotransmitters; and secondly the proposed one-to-one relationship between the monoamine neurotransmitters and emotions.^[5]

Notes and References

1. Web site: Motivation and emotion/Book/2015/Lövheim cube of emotion . 11 September 2016. 11 September 2016 .
2. Lövheim. Hugo. A new three-dimensional model for emotions and monoamine neurotransmitters. Medical Hypotheses. 78. 2. 341–348. Elsevier Ltd. 2012. 10.1016/j.mehy.2011.11.016 . 22153577.
3. Perry. Clint. Baciadonna. Luigi. Studying emotion in invertebrates: what has been done, what can be measured and what they can provide. Journal of Experimental Biology. 220. 21. 3856–3868. The Company of Biologists. 2017. 10.1242/jeb.151308 . 29093185. 531311. free.
4. Book: Evans , Dylan . Dylan Evans. Emotion A very short introduction. Oxford University Press. 2nd. 2019. New York, USA. 978-0-19-883440-3.
5. Book: Vallverdú. Jordi. Müller. Vincent. Blended Cognition the Robotic Challenge. Springer Nature. Springer Series in Cognitive and Neural Systems. 2019. 10.1007/978-3-030-03104-6_1. 978-3-030-03104-6. 150611062.