Léri–Weill dyschondrosteosis explained

Léri–Weill dyschondrosteosis
Synonyms:	LWD

Léri–Weill dyschondrosteosis or LWD is a rare pseudoautosomal dominant genetic disorder which results in dwarfism with short forearms and legs (mesomelic dwarfism) and a bayonet-like deformity of the forearms (Madelung's deformity).^[1]

Causes

It is caused by mutations in the short-stature homeobox gene found in the pseudoautosomal region PAR1 of the X and Y chromosomes, at band Xp22.33 or Yp11.32.^[2]

SHOX gene deletions have been identified as the major cause of Leri–Weill syndrome.^[3]

Leri–Weill dyschondrosteosis is characterized by mesomelic short stature, with bowing of the radius more so than the ulna in the forearms and bowing of the tibia while sparing the fibula.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis is made following genetic blood testing.

Treatment

There is currently no known treatment for Leri-Weill dyschondrosteosis.

History

LWD was first described in 1929 by André Léri and Jean A. Weill.^[4]

Notes and References

1. Benito-Sanz S, Thomas NS, Huber C, etal . A Novel Class of Pseudoautosomal Region 1 Deletions Downstream of SHOX Is Associated with Léri–Weill Dyschondrosteosis . Am. J. Hum. Genet. . 77 . 4 . 533–44 . October 2005 . 16175500 . 1275603 . 10.1086/449313.
2. Gatta V, Antonucci I, Morizio E, etal . Identification and characterization of different SHOX gene deletions in patients with Leri–Weill dyschondrosteosys by MLPA assay . J. Hum. Genet. . 52 . 1 . 21–7 . 2007 . 17091221 . 10.1007/s10038-006-0074-5. free .
3. Fukami M, Dateki S, Kato F, etal . Identification and characterization of cryptic SHOX intragenic deletions in three Japanese patients with Léri–Weill dyschondrosteosis . J. Hum. Genet. . 53 . 5 . 454–9 . 2008 . 18322641 . 10.1007/s10038-008-0269-z. free .
4. Léri A, Weill JA . Une affection congénitale et symétrique du développement osseux. La dyschondrostéose . Bulletins et Mémoires de la Société Médicale des Hôpitaux de Paris . 1929 . 53 . 1491–1494.