| Kyiv Oblast | |
| Other Name: | Kiev Oblast |
| Native Name: | Київська область |
| Native Name Lang: | uk |
| Official Name: | Kyivska oblast[1] |
| Nickname: | Ukrainian: Київщина |
| Settlement Type: | Oblast |
| Flag Alt: | Flag of Kyiv Oblast |
| Shield Alt: | Coat of arms of Kyiv Oblast |
| Mapsize: | 275px |
| Subdivision Type: | Country |
| Parts Type: | Largest cities |
| Parts Style: | para |
| Seat Type: | Administrative center |
| Seat: | Kyiv |
| Leader Title: | Governor |
| Leader Name: | Ruslan Kravchenko |
| Leader Title1: | Oblast council |
| Leader Name1: | 84 seats |
| Leader Title2: | Chairperson |
| Leader Name2: | Yaroslav Dobryanskyy (acting) |
| Unit Pref: | Metric |
| Area Total Km2: | 28131 |
| Area Rank: | Ranked 8th |
| Population Total: | 1795079 |
| Population Rank: | Ranked 10th |
| Population As Of: | 2022 |
| Population Blank1 Title: | Annual growth |
| Population Density Km2: | auto |
| Demographics Type2: | GDP |
| Demographics2 Footnotes: | [2] |
| Demographics2 Title1: | Total |
| Demographics2 Info1: | ₴ 292 billion (€7.558 billion) |
| Demographics2 Title2: | Per capita |
| Demographics2 Info2: | ₴ 162,696 (€4,218) |
| Blank Name Sec1: | Raions |
| Blank Info Sec1: | 7 |
| Blank1 Name Sec1: | Cities (total) |
| Blank1 Info Sec1: | 26 |
| Blank2 Name Sec1: | • Regional cities |
| Blank2 Info Sec1: | 12 |
| Blank3 Name Sec1: | |
| Blank3 Info Sec1: | 30 |
| Blank4 Name Sec1: | Villages |
| Blank4 Info Sec1: | 1,127 |
| Timezone1: | EET |
| Utc Offset1: | +2 |
| Timezone1 Dst: | EEST |
| Utc Offset1 Dst: | +3 |
| Postal Code Type: | Postal code |
| Postal Code: | 07-09 |
| Area Code Type: | Area code |
| Area Code: | +380 44 (Kyiv city) +380 45 (outside Kyiv city)[3] |
| Iso Code: | UA-32 |
| Registration Plate Type: | Vehicle registration |
| Registration Plate: | AI |
| Blank Name Sec2: | FIPS 10-4 |
| Blank Info Sec2: | UP13 |
Kyiv Oblast (Ukrainian: Київська область|translit=Kyivska oblast, pronounced as /uk/), also called Kyivshchyna (Ukrainian: Київщинa, pronounced as /uk/), is an oblast (province) in central and northern Ukraine. It surrounds, but does not include, the city of Kyiv, which is administered as a city with special status. However, Kyiv also serves as the administrative center of the oblast. The Kyiv metropolitan area extends out from Kyiv city into parts of the oblast, which is significantly dependent on the urban economy and transportation of Kyiv.
The population of Kyiv Oblast is Its largest city is Bila Tserkva, with a population over 200,000.
The Chernobyl Exclusion Zone is in the northern part of Kyiv Oblast. It is administered separately from the oblast and public access is prohibited.
Kyiv Oblast was created as part of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic on February 27, 1932 among the first five original oblasts in Ukraine. It was established on territory that had been known as Ruthenian land.[4]
Earlier historical administrative units that became the territory of the oblast include the Kiev Voivodeship under the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth and Grand Duchy of Lithuania, and the Kiev Viceroyalty and Kiev Governorate under the Russian Empire. The northern part of the oblast belongs to the historical region of Polesia (Polissia).
In Kyiv region, there was a specific folk icon-painting style much influenced by the Kyiv Pechersk Lavra painting school. Saints were depicted on the deep purple or black background, their clothes dark, their haloes dark blue, dark green or even black, outlined by thin white dotted contours. The Kyiv region's icons collection is the part of the exhibition of the Museum of Ukrainian home icons in the Historical and cultural complex "The Radomysl Castle".[5]
The current borders of the oblast were set following the Chernobyl disaster in 1986. Administrative oversight of the new city of Slavutych, which was constructed as part of the Chernihiv Oblast, was then transferred to the Kyiv Oblast (see Chernobyl zone below).
On 24 February 2022, Russian Armed Forces invaded Kyiv Oblast as part of its 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine. Ukraine launched a counter-offensive to retake the region in March 2022. The oblast was declared free of invaders on 2 April 2022 by the Ukrainian Deputy Minister of Defense Hanna Maliar.[6] [7] According to the Ukrainian Ministry of Defense its troops had retaken more than 30 towns and villages around Kyiv. However, on April 9, 2022 the Russians attacked the Oblast again, even destroying a railway station in Bucha.[8]
Kyiv Oblast has a total area of 281000NaN0 (approximately 35 times the area of Kyiv city) and is located in north-central Ukraine. On the west it borders the Zhytomyr Oblast, on the southwest – Vinnytsia Oblast, on the south – Cherkasy Oblast, on the southeast – Poltava Oblast, on the east and northeast – Chernihiv Oblast, and on the north – Homyel Voblasts of Belarus.
The oblast is equally split between both banks of the Dnieper River (Dnipro) north and south of Kyiv. Other significant rivers in the oblast are the Dnieper's tributaries: Pripyat (Prypiat) (R), Desna (L), Teteriv (R), Irpin' (R), Ros' (R) and Trubizh (L).
The length of the Dnipro River within the boundaries of the oblast totals 2460NaN0. The oblast has a total number of 177 rivers intersecting the region; 13 reservoirs (the most notable ones being Kyiv Reservoir and the Kaniv Reservoir), over 2000 ponds, and approximately 750 small lakes.
The climate of Kyiv Oblast is characteristic of the Polesia area and other neighboring forested areas. The oblast has a moderately continental climate with relatively mild winters and warm summers. The temperatures range from -6.1°C in January to 19.2°C degrees in July.
Kyiv Oblast has small mountains and slopes on the right bank of the Dnieper River. This entire area is surrounded by a continuous belt by greenery and forests. The oblast's "green area" covers 4360NaN0, characterized by 250 different sorts of trees and bushes.
The following historic-cultural sites were nominated for the Seven Wonders of Ukraine.
See main article: Administrative divisions of Kyiv Oblast. The oblast is divided into 7 raions, which are further divided into 69 hromadas.
| Flag | Coatof arms | Name | Ukrainian Name | Administrative center | Area (km2) | Population estimate 2021[9] | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bila Tserkva Raion | Білоцерківський район | Bila Tserkva | 6,514.8 | 436,115 | |||
| Бориспільський район | Boryspil | 3,873.2 | 203,273 | ||||
| Brovary Raion | Броварський район | Brovary | 2,881.9 | 242,180 | |||
| – | – | Bucha Raion | Бучанський район | Bucha | 2,558.3 | 362,382 | |
| Fastiv Raion | Фастівський район | Fastiv | 1,761.2 | 183,794 | |||
| Obukhiv Raion | Обухівський район | Obukhiv | 3,639.1 | 228,829 | |||
| Vyshhorod Raion | Вишгородський район | Vyshhorod | 4,333.0[10] | 131,957 | |||
| Total Oblast | Київська область | Kyiv | 28,131 | 1,788,530 |
Before the July 2020 reform, the oblast was subdivided into 25 raions (administrative districts). It consisted of 26 cities, 30 towns, and more than 1,000 villages.
The following data incorporates the number of each type of administrative divisions of Kyiv Oblast:[11]
As with other oblasts of Ukraine, the head of the Kyiv Oblast State Administration (governor) is appointed by the President of Ukraine and subordinated to the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine. Local self-government body is the popularly elected Kyiv Oblast Rada, chaired by a Speaker (elected from among the councilors).
The municipality of Slavutych is within the borders of the neighboring Chernihiv Oblast on the eastern bank of the Dnieper river and the municipality has no common border with the Kyiv Oblast. Still, Slavutych is administered by the Kyiv Oblast authorities (being a kind of administrative exclave).
Similarly, the town of Kotsiubynske, which is within the borders of Kyiv city (which is surrounded by the Kyiv Oblast), is administered by the Kotsiubynske Settlement Council.
See main article: Chernobyl Exclusion Zone.
The north-western end of the oblast is a part of the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone due to the radioactive contamination caused by the Chernobyl nuclear reactor accident. The largest cities within zone are Chernobyl and Prypiat, which are now abandoned. The city of Slavutych was built outside of the zone to host evacuated residents of Prypyat and personnel of the zone installations.
Important cities and towns of Kyiv Oblast include:
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Kyiv Oblast's largest nationality group are Ukrainians (1,684,800 people, or 92.5%), followed by Russians, Jews, Belarusians, Poles, and others. The current estimated population (excluding Kyiv) is around 1.72 million (as of 2013). The population density is 63.01/km2.
The urban population, according to the 2001 Ukrainian Census data, accounted for 1,053,500 people, or 57.6%, and the rural population – for 774,400 people, or 42.4%.[15]
According to the data, the number of men accounted for 845,900 people, or 46.3%, that of women – 982,000 people, or 53.7%.
0–14 years: 14.9% (male 132,559/female 123,816)
15–64 years: 69.8% (male 576,559/female 621,753)
65 years and over: 15.3% (male 84,026/female 177,360) (2013 official)
total: 39.7 years
male: 36.3 years
female: 43.0 years (2013 official)
0–14 years: 14.1% (male 203,453/female 192,111)
15–64 years: 73.3% (male 962,391/female 1,093,183)
65 years and over: 12.6% (male 129,293/female 223,285) (2013 official)
total: 37.6 years
male: 35.4 years
female: 39.9 years (2013 official)
Kyiv Oblast's main industry's include: power production, food, chemical and petrochemical industries, mechanical engineering and metal-working. The national share of tire production for automobiles constitutes – 63%, excavators – 53%, paper and cardboard – 40%, hoisting cranes – 39%. In general, the oblast has 330 licensed industrial enterprises and 742 smaller industrial enterprises.[16] The Boryspil Bus Plant in Prolisky produces 1,700 buses per year of various modifications, and several other auto-industry factories are also located in the oblast'.
In addition to industry, the oblast also has a developed agriculture production. In 1999, the gross grain yield in the region was about 1,118,600 tons, sugar-beets – 1,570,900 tons, sunflower seeds – 18,1 thousand tons, potatoes – 669,200 tons. The region also produced 156,900 tons of meat, 738,500 tons of milk and 855,2 million eggs. At the beginning of 1999, there were 1,130 registered farms within the oblast.
See also: Transport in Kyiv. Kyiv Oblast has a highly developed rail transport system. The total length of the oblast's working railway lines is 88 km (as of 1985). Through the territory of the oblast pass the: Moscow—Kyiv—Lviv, Kyiv—Dnipro—Donetsk and other railway routes. In addition to inter-Ukraine and international rail routes, local Elektrychka lines also pass through the oblast: Kyiv—Fastiv—Koziatyn, Kyiv—Fastiv—Myronivka, Kyiv—Teteriv, Kyiv—Nizhyn, and Kyiv—Yahotyn.
The length of the oblast's roads totals 7,760 km, including 7,489 km of paved roads. The main roads passing thorough the oblast include:
The oblast's main airports include two international airports: the Boryspil Airport and the Hostomel (Antonov) Cargo Airport. Ukrainian military airbases are located in the cities of Bila Tserkva and Uzyn.
Strategic gas-pipelines in the oblast include Urengoy–Pomary–Uzhhorod pipeline, and Shebelynka—Poltava—Kyiv.
Kyiv Oblast has 795 state-run schools of general education, 219 (27.5%) of which are situated in urban areas and 576 (72.5%) of which – in rural areas.[19] These schools are attended by 232,260 students, 141,416 (60.6%) which attend urban schools, and 98,944 (39.4%) which attend rural area schools. In addition, there are 12 evening schools with an enrollment of over 6,000 students, 15 private institutions teaching about 7,000 students, 23 vocational schools teaching over 14,300 students, 22 higher schools with an enrollment of over 34,900 students), and 52 home-school institutions containing over 48,700 children. There are also 756 institutions of pre-school education attended by a total of 44,400 children, 52 home-school institutions, 22 vocational institutions, having an enrollment of 17,300 students.
Also, educational institutions for orphans, physically and mentally disabled children represent an important component of Kyiv Oblast's educational system.
In addition to general education schools, the oblast has educational institutions specifically for gifted children, including:
Most of Ukraine's oblasts are named after their capital cities, officially referred to as "oblast centers". The name of each oblast is a relative adjective, formed by adding a feminine suffix to the name of respective center city: Kyiv (in transliterated Ukrainian) is the center of the Kyivs’ka oblast (Kyiv Oblast). Most oblasts are also sometimes referred to in a feminine noun form, following the convention of traditional regional place names, ending with the suffix "-shchyna", as is the case with the Kyiv Oblast, Kyivshchyna.
a. These neighboring settlements are practically merged into a conurbation