| Native Name: | |
| Conventional Long Name: | Kiev Voivodeship |
| Common Name: | Ukraine |
| Subdivision: | Voivodeship |
| Nation: | Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth¹ |
| Image Map Caption: | The Kiev Voivodeship in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth in 1635. |
| Capital: | (Kijów (Kyiv), 1471–1667), Żytomierz (Zhytomyr, 1667–1793) |
| Stat Area1: | 200000 |
| Stat Year1: | 1793 |
| Stat Pop1: | 500,000 |
| P1: | Principality of Kiev |
| S1: | Cossack Hetmanate |
| S2: | Kiev Viceroyalty |
| Year Start: | 1471 |
| Event Start: | death of Simeon Olelkovich |
| Event1: | 2nd Muscovite–Lithuanian War |
| Date Event1: | 1503 |
| Event2: | Union of Lublin |
| Date Event2: | 1569 |
| Event3: | Khmelnytsky Uprising |
| Date Event3: | 1648 |
| Event4: | Truce of Andrusovo |
| Date Event4: | 1667 |
| Year End: | 1793 |
| Event End: | Second partition |
| Title Leader: | Voivode |
| Leader1: | Martynas Goštautas (first) |
| Year Leader1: | 1471–1475 |
| Leader2: | Konstanty Wasyl Ostrogski (transition) |
| Year Leader2: | 1559–1608 |
| Leader3: | Antoni Protazy Potocki (last) |
| Year Leader3: | 1791–1793 |
| Political Subdiv: | counties |
| Footnotes: | ¹ Voivodeship of the Kingdom of Poland. The kingdom was part of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth from 1569. |
| Demonym: | Kievan |
The Kiev Voivodeship[1] (Polish: Województwo kijowskie; Latin: Palatinatus Kioviensis; Ukrainian: Київське воєводство|Kyivske voievodstvo) was a unit of administrative division and local government in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania from 1471 until 1569 and of the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland from 1569 until 1793, as part of Lesser Poland Province of the Polish Crown. On some maps Kiev Voivodeship was also named as the Lower Volhynia.
The voivodeship was established in 1471 upon the death of the last prince of Kiev Simeon Olelkovich and transformation of the Duchy of Kiev (appanage duchy of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania) into the Voivodeship of Kiev.
The voivodeship was established in 1471 under the order of King Casimir IV Jagiellon soon after the death of Semen Olelkovich. It had replaced the former Principality of Kiev, ruled by Lithuanian-Ruthenian Olelkovich princes (related to House of Algirdas and Olshansky family).[2] [3]
Its first administrative center was Kiev, but when the city was given to Imperial Russia in 1667 by Treaty of Andrusovo, the capital moved to Zhytomyr (Polish: Żytomierz), where it remained until 1793.
It was the biggest voivodeship of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth by land area, covering, among others, the land of Zaporizhian Cossacks.
The governor of the voivodeship was voivode (List of voivodes of Kiev).[4] In the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth the other two major administrative positions were castellan[5] and bishop (biskup kijowski).
The flag on one side had Lithuanian Pogon on red field and on other side black bear on white field with his front left paw raised up.[6]
Instead of some liquidated counties in 1566 there were established elderships: Biała Cerkiew, Kaniów, Korsun, Romanówka, Czerkasy, Czigrin.
See main article: Royal city in Poland.