| Kvam | |
| Herad: | yes |
| Former Name: | Vikør herred |
| Idnumber: | 4622 |
| County: | Vestland |
| District: | Hardanger |
| Capital: | Norheimsund |
| Language: | Nynorsk |
| Established: | 1 Jan 1838 |
| Preceded: | none |
| Demonym: | Kvemming |
| Coatofarms: | Kvam komm.svg |
| Webpage: | www.kvam.kommune.no |
| Mayor: | Torgeir Næss |
| Mayor Party: | Ap |
| Mayor As Of: | 2019 |
| Area Rank: | 188 |
| Area Total Km2: | 616.94 |
| Area Land Km2: | 580.40 |
| Area Water Km2: | 36.54 |
| Area Water Percent: | 5.9 |
| Population As Of: | 2023 |
| Population Rank: | 126 |
| Population Total: | 8531 |
| Population Density Km2: | 14.7 |
| Population Increase: | -0.6 |
| Coordinates: | 60.37°N 6.1439°W |
| Utm Zone: | 32V |
| Utm Northing: | 6701327 |
| Utm Easting: | 0343549 |
| Geo Cat: | adm2nd |
Kvam is a municipality in Vestland county, Norway. The municipality is located along the Hardangerfjorden in the traditional district of Hardanger. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Norheimsund. Other larger settlements in the municipality include Øystese, Bru, Ålvik, Tørvikbygd, Omastranda, and Mundheim. Historically, the municipality was named Vikør.[1]
The 617km2 municipality is the 188th largest by area out of the 356 municipalities in Norway. Kvam is the 126th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 8,531. The municipality's population density is and its population has decreased by 0.6% over the previous 10-year period.[2] [3]
The municipality (originally the parish) was first named Vikør after the old Vikøy farm (Norse, Old: Víkeyjar) since the first Vikøy Church was built there. The first element is which means "small bay", "cove", or "inlet". The last element is the genitive case of which means "island". This is likely referring to the small island in the little cove just east of the farm.[4]
On 1 December 1911, a royal resolution changed the name of the municipality to Kvam, bringing back an old name for the area (Norse, Old: Hvammr).[5] The name is identical to the word which means "small valley" or "grassy hollow", possibly referring the Steinsdalen valley west of Norheimsund.[6] [7]
The coat of arms was granted on 27 November 1981. The official blazon is "Azure, a pale pattee argent" (Norwegian: I blått ein innsvinga sølv stolpe). This means the arms have a blue field (background) and the ordinary is a pale that curves inwards on each side. The ordinary has a tincture of argent which means it is commonly colored white, but if it is made out of metal, then silver is used. The arms were designed to look like the Fyksesund, a narrow fjord in the municipality. The shape of the fjord is that it is narrower in the middle and this is symbolized in the design. The arms were designed by Magnus Hardeland. The municipal flag has the same design as the coat of arms.[8] [9] [10]
The Church of Norway has four parishes (Norwegian: sokn) within the municipality of Kvam. It is part of the Hardanger og Voss prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Bjørgvin.
| Strandebarm | Strandebarm Church | Bru | 1876 | |
| Vikøy | Norheimsund Church | Norheimsund | 1992 | |
| Vikøy Church | Vikøy | 1838 | ||
| Øystese | Øystese Church | Øystese | 1868 | |
| Ålvik | Ålvik Church | Ålvik | 1962 |
Kvam municipality borders the municipality of Voss to the north and east; Vaksdal, Samnanger, and Bjørnafjorden to the west; and the Hardangerfjorden to the south. The Fyksesund fjord branches off the main fjord and heads north into the municipality. The Fyksesund Landscape Park surrounds the inner part of the Fyksesund, north of the Fyksesund Bridge. The largest lakes are Bjølsegrøvvatnet and Holmavatnet. In addition a portion of Hamlagrøvatnet is located in Kvam. The Kvamskogen plateau lies west of Norheimsund and is home to hundreds of holiday cabins. The Steinsdalsfossen waterfall, located in Steine is one of the most visited tourist attractions in Norway.
The old parish of Vikør was established as a municipality on 1 January 1838 (see formannskapsdistrikt law). According to the 1835 census, the parish had a population of 2,321.[11] On 1 January 1882, a small area of Ullensvang municipality (population: 22) was transferred to Vikør. In 1912, the municipality changed its name from "Vikør" to "Kvam".[12] [13]
During the 1960s, there were many municipal mergers across Norway due to the work of the Schei Committee. On 1 January 1965, the Åsgrenda area on the Folgefonna peninsula (population: 61) was moved from Kvam to the neighboring Ullensvang Municipality. On the same date, Kvam also gained a considerable amount of territory, making it a much larger municipality. The following places were merged, giving the new Kvam municipality a population of 9,119.
Kvam Municipality is responsible for primary education (through 10th grade), outpatient health services, senior citizen services, welfare and other social services, zoning, economic development, and municipal roads and utilities. The municipality is governed by a municipal council of directly elected representatives. The mayor is indirectly elected by a vote of the municipal council.[14] The municipality is under the jurisdiction of the Hordaland District Court and the Gulating Court of Appeal.
In 2007, Kvam participated in a trial where the mayor was directly elected. The sitting mayor, Astrid Selsvold, won the election with 26.7% of the votes.
The municipal council (Norwegian Nynorsk; Nynorsk, Norwegian: Heradsstyre) of Kvam is made up of 27 representatives that are elected to four year terms. The tables below show the current and historical composition of the council by political party.
The mayors (Norwegian Nynorsk; Nynorsk, Norwegian: ordførar) of Kvam:[15]
. Norske gaardnavne: Søndre Bergenhus amt . 1910 . W. C. Fabritius & sønners bogtrikkeri . 11 . Kristiania, Norge . 492–493 . no . Oluf Rygh.
. Norske gaardnavne: Søndre Bergenhus amt . 1910 . W. C. Fabritius & sønners bogtrikkeri . 11 . Kristiania, Norge . 501 and 506 . no . Oluf Rygh.