Kuba uezd explained

Area Total Km2:7,179.59
Established Date:1840
Established Title:Established
Extinct Date:1929
Extinct Title:Abolished
Mapsize:220px
Kuba uezd
Native Name:Кубинский уезд
Native Name Lang:ru
Population As Of:1916
Population Density Km2:auto
Population Rural:86.40%
Population Total:198,204
Population Urban:13.60%
Seat:Kuba
(present-day Quba)
Seat Type:Capital
Settlement Type:Uezd
Subdivision Name:Russian Empire
Subdivision Name1:Caucasus
Subdivision Name2:Baku
Subdivision Type:Country
Subdivision Type1:Viceroyalty
Subdivision Type2:Governorate
Total Type:Total

The Kuba uezd was a county (uezd) within the Baku Governorate of Russian Empire and then of Azerbaijan Democratic Republic and Azerbaijan SSR until its formal abolition in 1929 by Soviet authorities. The uezd was located in northern part of the Baku Governorate, bordering Caspian Sea to the east, Elizavetpol Governorate to the west, Dagestan Oblast to the north, the Geokchay, Shemakha, and Baku uezds to the south. The administrative center of the uezd was the city of Kuba (present-day Quba).

Administrative divisions

The prefectures of the Kuba uezd in 1917 were as follow:

NameAdministrative centre1912 populationArea
Divichinskiy prefecture (Russian: Дивичинский участок)Divichi (Şabran)41,5691764.78verst2
Kubinskiy prefecture (Russian: Кубинский участок)Rustov54,1131855.78verst2
Kusarskiy prefecture (Russian: Кусарский участок)Kusary (Qusar)53,6451437.34verst2
Myushkyurskiy prefecture (Russian: Мюшкюрский участок)Khachmaz16,5401250.71verst2

Geography

The uezd was located on the northern slope of the eastern part of Greater Caucasus mountain range, mainly consisting of 3 main parts: Mountains, which occupies most parts of the south-west, foothills, covering most of the uezd from southwest to northeast, and lowlands, mostly in the areas bordering the Caspian sea. The highest point in the uezd, Shahdagh, is located at the western part of the uezd at 13,951 feet.[1]

The three main rivers in the uezd were Qudyal, Gilgil and Qusarchay. The Samur river formed the northern border.

History

After the capture of the Quba Khanate by the Russian forces in 1806, during the Russo-Persian War (1804–1813), the khanate was removed and was made a province of the Russian Empire. The uezd was created in 1840 and was initially made part of the Caspian Oblast in the same year, and later part of the Shamakhi Governorate in 1846. Due to an earthquake in Shamakhi in 1859, the centre of the Shamakhi Governorate was moved from Shamakhi to Baku and the governorate was renamed Baku Governorate.[2]

In 1918, after the collapse of the Russian Empire, Azerbaijan became part of Transcaucasian Democratic Federative Republic. After the establishment of the Baku Commune in April 1918,[3] clashes began in the city of Baku and other uezds within the Baku Governorate,[4] called the March Days, during which 12,000 Azerbaijanis and other Muslims and 2,500 Armenians died.[5] [6] [7]

On 28 May 1918, the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic declared its independence and the uezd was kept as part of its administrative units. After the Red Army invasion of Azerbaijan in 1920, Azerbaijan was integrated into the Soviet Union and the uezd was abolished by Soviet authorities in 1929.

Demographics

Russian Empire Census

According to the Russian Empire Census, the Kuba uezd had a population of 183,242 on, including 96,771 men and 86,471 women. The plurality of the population indicated Tatar to be their mother tongue, with significant Tat, Kyurin, and Kazi-Kumukh speaking minorities.[8]

Linguistic composition of the Kuba uezd in 1897!Language!Native speakers!%
Tatar70,15038.28
Tat46,43025.34
Kyurin44,75624.42
Kazi-Kumukh11,6146.34
Jewish3,9722.17
Russian2,5161.37
Ukrainian1,4260.78
Armenian1,1910.65
Persian5490.30
Turkish2160.12
Avar-Andean970.05
Georgian660.04
Polish640.03
German380.02
Belarusian290.02
Lithuanian50.00
Mordovian10.00
Other1220.07
TOTAL183,242100.00

Kavkazskiy kalendar

According to the 1917 publication of Kavkazskiy kalendar, the Kuba uezd had a population of 198,204 on, including 105,556 men and 92,648 women, 196,077 of whom were the permanent population, and 2,127 were temporary residents:

NationalityUrbanRuralTOTAL
Number%Number%Number%
Sunni Muslims4,21815.65102,47259.84106,69053.83
North Caucasians4171.5548,68828.4349,10524.77
Shia Muslims6,83025.3413,6277.9620,45710.32
Jews14,71354.583220.1915,0357.59
Russians1770.665,2063.045,3832.72
Armenians5792.159330.541,5120.76
Asiatic Christians220.0800.00220.01
TOTAL26,956100.00171,248100.00198,204100.00

Soviet census (1926)

In 1926, the population of the uezd rose to 189,916 people, of which 17,902 were urban and 172,014 rural.[9]

Bibliography

41.3597°N 48.5125°W

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Большой энциклопедический словарь Брокгауза и Ефрона. Агдаш. Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedia Dictionary. Kuba . 2011-08-05.
  2. Web site: Administrative Territorial Division . . preslib.az . 9.
  3. [Peter Hopkirk|Hopkirk, Peter]
  4. Book: Shahumyan, Stepan. Letters 1896–1918. State Publishing House of Armenia. 1959. Yerevan. 63–67. On one side were fighting the Soviet Red Guard; the Red International Army, recently organized by us; the Red Fleet, which we had succeeded in reorganizing in a short time; and Armenian national units. On the other side the Muslim Savage Division in which there were quite a few Russian officers, and bands of armed Muslims, led by the Musavat Party... For us the results of the battle were brilliant. The destruction of the enemy was complete... More than three thousand were killed on both sides.
  5. Book: Pasdermadjian, Garegin. Why Armenia Should be Free: Armenia's Role in the Present War. The Armenian National Union of America. 1918. 188–199. Karekin Pastermadjian.
  6. Book: Minahan, James B.. 1998. 0-313-30610-9. 22. The tensions and fighting between the Azeris and the Armenians in the federation culminated in the massacre of some 12,000 Azeris in Baku by radical Armenians and Bolshevik troops in March 1918.
  7. Web site: Pamiat' ob utratakh i Azerbaidzhanskoe obshchestvo/Traumatic Loss and Azerbaijani. National Memory . Michael Smith . Azerbaidzhan i Rossiia: obshchestva i gosudarstva (Azerbaijan and Russia: Societies and States) . Sakharov Center . 21 August 2011. ru.
  8. Web site: Population of Kuba Uyezd (1897) . . Demoskop Weekly . ru .
  9. Web site: . Population of Kuba Uyezd . Demoskop Weekly .