| Kreis Pernau | |
| Native Name: | Pärnu kreis |
| Native Name Lang: | Estonian |
| Settlement Type: | Kreis |
| Mapsize: | 225px |
| Subdivision Type: | Country |
| Subdivision Name: | Russian Empire |
| Subdivision Type1: | Governorate |
| Subdivision Name1: | Livonia |
| Established Title: | Established |
| Established Date: | 1745 |
| Extinct Title: | Abolished |
| Extinct Date: | 1920 |
| Seat Type: | Capital |
| Seat: | Pernau |
| Area Total Km2: | 5343.08 |
| Population As Of: | 1897 |
| Population Total: | 98,123 |
| Population Density Km2: | auto |
The Kreis Pernau (English: Pärnu County; Estonian: Pärnu kreis,) was one of the nine subdivisions of the Governorate of Livonia of the Russian Empire. It was situated in the northwestern part of the governorate (in present-day southwestern Estonia). The territory of Kreis Pernau corresponds to most of the present-day Pärnu County and parts of Viljandi and Rapla counties.[1]
At the time of the Russian Empire Census of 1897, Kreis Pernau had a population of 98,123. Of these, 94.0% spoke Estonian, 3.7% German, 1.1% Russian, 0.7% Latvian, 0.4% Yiddish and 0.1% Polish as their native language.[2]