| Public Joint Stock Company «Krasnogorsky Zavod» | |
| Type: | PJSC |
| Foundation: | Krasnogorsk, Russia (1942) |
| Location City: | Krasnogorsk, Moscow Oblast |
| Location Country: | Russia |
| Key People: | Alexander Novikov (director) |
| Industry: | Optical engineering, optoelectronics |
| Products: | Cameras, night vision devices, rangefinders, military optics |
| Parent: | Shvabe (Rostec) |
| Homepage: | Official page at Shvabe site |
Krasnogorsky zavod (Russian: Красногорский завод им. С. А. Зверева||Krasnogorsk Works named after S. A. Zverev) is a Russian factory in Krasnogorsk near Moscow which specializes in optical technology. Part of Shvabe Holding (Rostec state corporation).[1]
During the Soviet period it was called Krasnogorsk Mechanical Works (Russian: Красногорский механический завод, Russian: Krasnogorskiy Mechanicheskiy Zavod). The abbreviation KMZ (Russian: КМЗ) is still in common use.
KMZ is known largely for its photographic and movie cameras of the Zorki, Zenit and Krasnogorsk series, several million of which were produced. It also has a large military optics and mechanical engineering division.
After the German invasion of the Soviet Union in World War II, the Red Army had acute need for precision optical instruments. The existing factories were either inaccessible, such as LOMO in besieged Leningrad, or overloaded with demand, such as FED which had just been evacuated from Kharkiv to Berdsk. The KMZ factory was set up in 1942 near Moscow, which by then was no longer in immediate danger from German troops, on the site of a recently evacuated mechanical plant. Initially the company took over production of scopes and binoculars as well as reconnaissance cameras.
After the end of the war, KMZ began producing photographic lenses in 1945 to the specifications of the Carl Zeiss corporation, whose factory in Jena had been overrun by the Red Army and largely carted off as war reparations.
The mid-1950s saw the beginning of a period of heightened R&D activity at KMZ.
During this period, KMZ also produced the world's first subminiature SLR camera, the Narciss, an all-metal camera using 16mm unperforated film in special cassette, frame size 14x21mm. Narciss has afocal plane shutter, speed B,1/2,1/5,1/10,1/25,1/50,1/125,1/250 and 1/500 sec.[2]
The pace of R&D for consumer products at KMZ substantially slowed down at the end of the 1960s. During the 1970s consumer production at KMZ shifted towards producing large numbers of individual, relatively simple models of the existing product lines.
After the collapse of the Soviet Union, KMZ production was largely in disarray. Now, it is a group member of the multi-national Russian Shvabe Holding.
The activities of PJSC NKMZ include
PJSC KMZ also carries out measures for the repair of military equipment, warranty and author's supervision of its condition, implements proposals in the field of military-technical cooperation of the Russian Federation with foreign states in accordance with international treaties of the Russian Federation.
Since its establishment as Precision Mechanics Plant No.19:
Since its transformation into the State Union Plant No.393 of the NKVD of the USSR and further:
Before 1949 the KMZ logo was a simple dove prism, nicknamed "tomb" by factory workers. In 1949 the logo was changed to the present form, depicting a prism with a refracted ray of light.