| Conventional Long Name: | Kraków Voivodeship |
| Common Name: | Kraków Voivodeship |
| Native Name: | Palatinatus Cracoviensis Województwo Krakowskie |
| Subdivision: | Voivodeship |
| Nation: | Poland |
| Year Start: | 1300 |
| Date Start: | January 5 |
| Event1: | First partition |
| Date Event1: | August 5, 1772 |
| Event End: | Third partition |
| Year End: | 1795 |
| Date End: | October 24 |
| P1: | Seniorate Province |
| S1: | Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria |
| Flag S1: | Flag of Galicia and Lodomeria (1849-1890).svg |
| S2: | New Galicia |
| Flag S2: | Flag of the Habsburg Monarchy.svg |
| S3: | New Silesia |
| Flag S3: | Flag of the Kingdom of Prussia (1750-1801).svg |
| Image Map Caption: | Kraków Voivodeship in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth in 1635. |
| Capital: | Kraków |
| Stat Area1: | 10000 |
| Stat Year1: | 1606 |
| Stat Pop1: | 320000 |
| Political Subdiv: | counties 7 (as for 1662) |
The Kraków Voivodeship (Polish: Województwo Krakowskie|links=no, Latin: Palatinatus Cracoviensis|links=no) was a voivodeship (province) in the Kingdom of Poland from the 14th century to the partition of Poland in 1795 (see History of Poland during the Piast dynasty, Kingdom of Poland (1385–1569), and Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth). Located in the southwestern corner of the country, it was part of the Lesser Poland region (together with two other voivodeships of Poland: Sandomierz Voivodeship, and Lublin Voivodeship) and the Lesser Poland Province.
Kraków Voivodeship emerged from the Duchy of Kraków, which was created as Seniorate Province in the Testament of Bolesław III Krzywousty (1138). According to Zygmunt Gloger, it was one of the richest provinces of the Kingdom of Poland, with salt mines in Bochnia and Wieliczka, silver and lead mines in Olkusz, and very fertile soil around Proszowice. Its boundaries changed little for centuries. In 1457, the Duchy of Oświęcim was incorporated into the voivodeship, in 1564 – the Duchy of Zator (the Silesian County was created out of the two), and in 1790, the Duchy of Siewierz. Among cities and towns of contemporary Poland, which were part of Kraków Voivodeship, are Będzin, Biała, Bochnia, Brzesko, Częstochowa, Dąbrowa Górnicza, Jasło, Jaworzno, Jędrzejów, Krzepice, Kłobuck, Miechów, Nowy Sącz, Nowy Targ, Oświęcim, Sosnowiec, Szczekociny, Zakopane, Zator, Zawiercie, and Żywiec. In the first partition of Poland, in 1772 Habsburg monarchy annexed southern half of the voivodeship (south of the Vistula). In 1795, the third and final partition of Poland, Austria annexed the remaining part of the province, with the exception of its northwestern corner (around Częstochowa), which was seized by the Kingdom of Prussia, as New Silesia.
Zygmunt Gloger in his monumental book Historical Geography of the Lands of Old Poland gives a detailed description of Kraków Voivodeship:
Voivodeship Governor (Wojewoda) seat:
Sejmiks (or territorial) seat:
Regional council (sejmik generalny) seat:
In 1397, the Voivodeship was officially divided into three counties (powiats):
In the 16th century, the number of counties rose to seven:
Also, the Duchy of Siewierz, (Księstwo Siewierskie), with capital in Siewierz, was ruled by the Bishops of Kraków, but officially, it was not part of the Voivodeship until 1792, when it was annexed into Poland.
Neighbouring Voivodeships: