| Kosmos 2342 | |
| Mission Type: | Early warning |
| Cospar Id: | 1997-022A |
| Satcat: | 24800 |
| Mission Duration: | 4 years |
| Spacecraft Type: | US-K |
| Launch Date: | UTC |
| Launch Rocket: | Molniya-M/2BL |
| Launch Site: | Plesetsk Cosmodrome |
| Deactivated: | 2001/2002 |
| Orbit Reference: | Geocentric |
| Orbit Regime: | Molniya |
| Orbit Inclination: | 62.8 degrees |
| Orbit Period: | 717.80 minutes |
| Apsis: | gee |
Kosmos 2342 (Russian: Космос 2342 meaning Cosmos 2342) was a Russian US-K missile early warning satellite which was launched in 1997 as part of the Russian Space Forces' Oko programme. The satellite was designed to identify missile launches using optical telescopes and infrared sensors.
Kosmos 2342 was launched from Site 43/4 at Plesetsk Cosmodrome in Russia. A Molniya-M carrier rocket with a 2BL upper stage was used to perform the launch, which took place at 00:33 UTC on 14 May 1997. The launch successfully placed the satellite into a molniya orbit. It subsequently received its Kosmos designation, and the international designator 1997-022A. The United States Space Command assigned it the Satellite Catalog Number 24800. The satellite (along with Kosmos 2340, Kosmos 2351, and Kosmos 2368) were lost after a 2001 fire destroyed the ground control building located at the Serpukhov-15 military base resulting in the loss of orbital control.[1]